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Answers to common questions parents and carers ask about IBD, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, including symptoms, treatment, flares, food, school and daily life. Parents Questions Real questions from parents and carers. Find clear, practical answers about your child’s IBD, from symptoms and flares to school, medication, food, growth and everyday life. Explore Parent Topics Practical guides and resources for navigating life with your child’s IBD. New Diagnosis Tests & Procedures Flares Medication Food & Nutrition School Parent Wellbeing Managing day to day Family & Relationships Appointments Questions Parents & Carers Ask Real questions. Simple answers. What should I tell my child’s school? What to share about Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, including toilet access, fatigue, flares, medication, absences, exams, PE and emotional wellbeing. Read More What if my child misses a dose? What should you do if your child misses an IBD medication dose? Learn what to do with medications, including biologics, steroids and other treatments. Read More What does an IBD flare look like? Learn what an IBD flare can look like in children, including changes in bowel habits, tummy pain, fatigue, appetite, weight and other symptoms to watch for. Read More Why is my child not growing as expected? How Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can affect height, weight, nutrition and puberty, what changes to look for, and when to speak with your child’s IBD team. Read More When does a flare need urgent medical attention? Learn when an IBD flare in children needs urgent medical attention, including severe abdominal pain, bloody diarrhoea, dehydration, vomiting, fever and other warning signs. Read More My child might be having a flare: What should I do? Think your child with IBD might be having a flare? Learn what symptoms to look for, what to do next, when to contact your child’s IBD team and when urgent medical care may be needed. Read More What should my child eat with IBD? Wondering what your child should eat with IBD? Learn about food and nutrition for children with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, including eating during flares, supporting growth, avoiding unnecessary restrictions and when to see an IBD dietitian. Read More When should I call the IBD team? Not sure when to call your child’s IBD team? Learn which symptoms and changes to watch for, when to seek advice, and when urgent medical care may be needed. Read More What causes IBD in children? Learn what researchers know about the causes of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in children, including genetics, the immune system, gut microbiome and environmental factors. Read More Still have a question? If you can't find what you're looking for, get in touch and we'll try to help. Ask a question

New Diagnosis Could my child have IBD? Symptoms, tests and what parents need to know Worried your child might have Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis? Learn about common IBD symptoms in children, when to see a doctor and what tests may be needed. When your child has ongoing stomach pain, diarrhoea or other unexplained symptoms, it is natural to wonder whether something more than an ordinary tummy bug could be happening. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that causes inflammation in the digestive tract. It includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and both can affect children as well as adults. Recognising the possible signs of IBD in children is important because early assessment can help identify the cause of symptoms and ensure children receive appropriate care. However, many childhood digestive symptoms have causes other than IBD, so having symptoms does not automatically mean your child has the condition. If you are worried about your child, this guide explains the symptoms to look out for, when to seek medical advice, which tests may be used and how to support your child while waiting for answers. 🔎 What is IBD? Inflammatory bowel disease is the name for a group of conditions that cause ongoing inflammation in the digestive tract. The two main types of IBD in children are: Crohn's disease: Can affect any part of the digestive tract, from the mouth to the anus. Inflammation may affect different layers of the bowel wall. Ulcerative colitis: Causes inflammation in the lining of the large intestine, including the colon and rectum. Both conditions can cause abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fatigue and other symptoms. However, the location and severity of inflammation vary between children. IBD is different from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). IBS can cause abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits, but it does not cause the same type of intestinal inflammation as IBD. IBD is also not caused by poor parenting, something your child ate or stress alone. Although the exact causes are not fully understood, genetic, environmental and immune system factors are thought to contribute. There is currently no universal cure for IBD, but treatment can help control inflammation, manage symptoms and support healthy growth and development. 🚩 Signs and symptoms of IBD in children IBD can look different from one child to another. Some children develop obvious digestive symptoms, while others initially show less specific signs, such as fatigue, anaemia or difficulties with growth. Symptoms may develop gradually or become more noticeable over time. Possible signs of IBD include: Persistent diarrhoea: Loose or watery stools that continue or keep returning. Blood in the stool: Blood may appear on the toilet paper, in the toilet bowl or mixed with the stool. Mucus in the stool: Mucus may occur alongside other digestive symptoms. Recurring abdominal pain: Pain or cramping that does not settle or repeatedly returns. Urgency: Feeling an urgent need to use the toilet, sometimes with difficulty holding on. Frequent bowel movements: Needing to pass stool more often than usual. Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired, weak or lacking energy. Reduced appetite: Eating less than usual or losing interest in food. Unexplained weight loss: Losing weight without trying. Poor growth or delayed puberty: Growing more slowly than expected or developing later than peers. Anaemia or iron deficiency: Sometimes causing paleness, tiredness, weakness or dizziness. Symptoms outside the digestive tract: Such as joint pain, mouth ulcers, skin changes or eye inflammation. Not every child with IBD will have all these symptoms. Some children may have only a few, and the symptoms can overlap with other conditions. 📏 Can IBD affect growth before digestive symptoms appear? Yes. In some children, poor growth, weight loss or delayed puberty may be noticeable before the cause of their symptoms becomes clear. Ongoing intestinal inflammation can affect appetite, nutrient absorption and the body's nutritional needs. Inflammation itself can also interfere with normal growth and development. Parents might notice that their child is not gaining weight as expected, has dropped down their usual growth chart or seems smaller than other children of a similar age. These signs do not automatically indicate IBD, but they deserve medical assessment, especially when they occur alongside abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fatigue or unexplained iron deficiency. If you are concerned about your child's growth, ask your GP to review their height and weight measurements over time rather than relying on a single measurement. 🩺 When should I take my child to the doctor? You do not need to wait until symptoms become severe before making an appointment. Arrange a GP appointment if your child has: Diarrhoea that persists or repeatedly returns. Blood in their stool. Recurrent abdominal pain that does not settle. Unexplained weight loss or poor growth. Persistent fatigue or diagnosed iron deficiency without a clear explanation. Ongoing changes in bowel habits alongside other concerning symptoms. Digestive symptoms combined with a family history of IBD. Tell the doctor how long the symptoms have been happening, how frequently they occur and whether they are affecting your child's sleep, appetite, school attendance or usual activities. It is also important to mention symptoms such as mouth ulcers, joint pain, skin changes or problems around the anus, including persistent pain, swelling or drainage. Seek urgent medical assessment if your child has severe or worsening abdominal pain, significant abdominal swelling, persistent vomiting, heavy rectal bleeding, signs of dehydration or appears seriously unwell. If your child needs emergency care, do not wait for a routine GP appointment. If your child needs emergency care, contact your local emergency services number immediately. The urgency of an assessment depends on your child's symptoms and overall condition. Your GP can help determine whether further investigation or referral to a paediatric gastroenterologist is needed. 🧩 Could it be something other than IBD? Yes. Many conditions can cause symptoms similar to those of IBD, and some are much more common in children. Possible explanations include: Gastroenteritis: An infection that may cause diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting and sometimes fever. Constipation: Can cause abdominal pain, bloating and changes in bowel movements. Occasionally, loose stool may pass around impacted stool. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): Can cause recurring abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation or alternating bowel habits without the intestinal inflammation characteristic of IBD. Coeliac disease: An immune-mediated condition triggered by gluten that can cause digestive symptoms, fatigue, iron deficiency and poor growth. Food intolerances: Certain foods or ingredients may trigger symptoms in some children. Other infections: Some bacterial or parasitic infections can cause prolonged diarrhoea or abdominal pain. Other digestive conditions: Depending on the symptoms, doctors may consider additional causes of inflammation, bleeding or poor nutrient absorption. Symptoms alone cannot reliably distinguish IBD from these conditions. For example, blood in the stool should not automatically be attributed to IBD, but it should not be dismissed either. Similarly, abdominal pain can occur with IBS, constipation and many other conditions. Your child's doctor will use their history, examination and appropriate tests to help determine what is causing the symptoms. 🧪 What tests can help diagnose IBD? There is no single blood test or symptom that confirms every case of IBD. Diagnosis usually involves combining information from your child's medical history, physical examination, blood and stool tests, and sometimes endoscopy and imaging. Your child may not need every test listed below. The medical team will decide which investigations are appropriate. 🩸 Blood tests Blood tests can help doctors look for signs of inflammation, anaemia and nutritional problems. They may include: Full blood count: Checks for anaemia and other changes in blood cells. C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): Markers that can indicate inflammation. Iron studies: Help identify iron deficiency. Albumin and other blood chemistry tests: Help assess nutritional status and general health. Additional tests: Such as liver function, vitamin levels or tests for other conditions, depending on your child's symptoms. Blood tests can provide useful clues, but normal results do not completely rule out IBD. Some children with active disease have few or no abnormalities in their blood tests. 💩 Stool tests Your doctor may request stool samples to investigate infection and look for evidence of intestinal inflammation. Two important types of stool testing are: Stool infection testing: Checks for bacteria, parasites or other infections that may cause similar symptoms. Faecal calprotectin: Measures a protein associated with inflammation in the intestines. An elevated result can indicate intestinal inflammation and help doctors decide whether further investigation is needed. Faecal calprotectin is not a specific test for IBD. Infections and other conditions can also raise the level, and results need to be interpreted alongside your child's symptoms and other findings. Age matters when interpreting results, particularly in younger children. A single result cannot establish the diagnosis on its own. 🔬 Endoscopy and colonoscopy If IBD is suspected, a paediatric gastroenterologist may recommend endoscopy. A colonoscopy allows the doctor to examine the lining of the colon and usually the end of the small intestine. Small tissue samples, called biopsies, can be taken for examination under a microscope. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy allows the doctor to examine the upper digestive tract. It may be performed as part of the assessment, particularly when Crohn's disease is suspected. These procedures are generally performed with appropriate sedation or anaesthesia in children. The team will explain the preparation, what happens during the procedure and how your child will be cared for afterwards. Endoscopy and biopsies can provide important information about the presence, location and type of inflammation. 🖥️ Scans and other investigations Some children need additional imaging to examine areas of the digestive tract that cannot be fully assessed by endoscopy. Depending on the situation, this may include: MRI of the small bowel, sometimes called MR enterography. Ultrasound. Other imaging or specialised investigations recommended by the gastroenterology team. The choice depends on your child's symptoms, test results and the suspected location of the disease. ⏳ How long does it take to get an IBD diagnosis? The time needed to reach a diagnosis varies between children. Some children have clear symptoms and test results that lead to relatively straightforward investigations. Others need several tests because their symptoms overlap with those of other conditions. Blood and stool tests may be completed before a specialist appointment. If endoscopy, biopsies or imaging are needed, arranging and completing these investigations can take additional time. Waiting for answers can be particularly difficult when your child is uncomfortable and you are worried about what might be causing their symptoms. If your child's symptoms worsen while you are waiting, contact your GP or the service managing the referral. Do not assume that you must wait for the scheduled appointment if your child's condition has changed. Ask who you should contact if symptoms progress, whether there is a cancellation list and whether the referral needs to be updated based on new symptoms or test results. 💚 What happens if my child is diagnosed with IBD? If your child is diagnosed with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, their gastroenterology team will explain the diagnosis and develop a treatment plan suited to their needs. The plan will depend on the type of IBD, the location and severity of inflammation, your child's symptoms and their growth and nutritional status. Treatment may involve: Medication to reduce inflammation and help achieve remission. Nutritional support, sometimes including specialised nutritional treatments. Regular blood and stool tests to monitor disease activity. Monitoring height, weight and puberty. Support with school, friendships and emotional wellbeing. Further investigations when needed to assess how well treatment is working. Treatment can look different for every child. Some children respond well to their initial treatment, while others need additional therapies to control inflammation. You will also learn about flares and remission . A flare is a period of increased disease activity, while remission means the disease is controlled. Even when symptoms improve, ongoing monitoring may be needed to check that inflammation has settled. Although IBD is a chronic condition, effective treatment can help many children feel better, participate in everyday activities and enjoy long periods with few symptoms. 🫶 How to support your child while waiting for answers Waiting for test results or a specialist appointment can be one of the hardest parts of the process. You may be worried about your child's symptoms while trying to reassure them that everything will be okay. You do not need to have all the answers. Your child needs to know that you are listening, taking their symptoms seriously and helping them get the care they need. Keep a record of symptoms A simple diary can help you remember details when speaking to your doctor. You might record: How often your child has bowel movements. Whether there is blood or mucus in their stool. When abdominal pain occurs and how severe it seems. Changes in appetite, energy or weight. Any symptoms that wake them during the night. Missed school days or activities. Any new symptoms or changes in their condition. You do not need to track everything obsessively. Focus on information that helps you describe what is happening. Keep everyday life as normal as possible Where your child feels well enough, encourage them to continue enjoying their usual activities, friendships and interests. Allow extra rest when they need it, and avoid making every conversation about their symptoms. Explain things honestly If your child asks whether they have IBD, you can explain that the doctors are investigating what is causing their symptoms and that the tests will help them understand what is happening. Avoid promising that everything will be fine or suggesting that the symptoms are nothing to worry about. Reassure them that you are taking their concerns seriously and will work through the next steps together. Do not make major dietary changes without advice Try to maintain a balanced diet that your child tolerates comfortably. Avoid restrictive diets or supplements intended to treat suspected IBD unless these have been discussed with an appropriate healthcare professional. Ask for help when you need it If symptoms worsen, contact your child's doctor rather than waiting for the next scheduled appointment. If your child develops emergency warning signs, seek urgent medical care. 📝 Questions to ask your child's doctor Medical appointments can feel overwhelming, particularly when you are worried about your child. Writing down your questions beforehand can help you get the information you need. Consider asking: Could my child's symptoms be consistent with IBD? What other conditions might explain their symptoms? Which blood and stool tests should we arrange? Does my child need a faecal calprotectin test? Should we see a paediatric gastroenterologist? What should we do if symptoms worsen while we wait? Are there any symptoms that mean we should seek urgent care? Should we monitor their weight, height or appetite? Is there anything we should avoid changing before the investigations are complete? Who should we contact if we have concerns after the appointment? You do not need to ask every question at once. Start with the ones most relevant to your child's current symptoms. 🌿 Helpful resources and next steps Reliable information can help you understand IBD and prepare for conversations with your child's doctor. Try to prioritise reputable medical organisations and paediatric healthcare services rather than relying on social media posts or individual stories. Here are some useful starting points for families around the world. Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne – Inflammatory bowel disease : Information about symptoms, diagnosis and treatment in children. Sydney Children's Hospitals Network – IBD diagnosis : An explanation of the investigations used to diagnose IBD. Crohn's & Colitis Australia : Information and support for Australian families. Crohn's & Colitis Foundation : Educational resources and support in the United States. Crohn's & Colitis UK : Information about IBD and accessing support in the United Kingdom. Crohn's and Colitis Canada : Resources for people and families affected by IBD in Canada. Crohn's & Colitis New Zealand : Information and support for families in New Zealand. These resources can help you understand the condition, but they cannot determine whether your child has IBD. That requires an individual medical assessment. 🌷 Remember, you're doing the right thing by asking questions When your child has unexplained digestive symptoms, it is natural to worry about what might be causing them. You do not need to assume the worst, but you also do not need to dismiss persistent symptoms or wait until they become severe before seeking medical advice. Keep track of what you have noticed, arrange an appointment with your child's doctor and ask for further investigation if symptoms persist or there are concerning signs. If your child is diagnosed with IBD, you will have a healthcare team to help you understand the condition and decide on appropriate treatment. If the cause turns out to be something else, getting answers can still help your child receive the right care. You do not have to work out the diagnosis yourself. Your job is to notice when something is wrong, seek help and support your child while you find the answers together. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. 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parent resources Practical guides, tools and information to help you support your child with IBD. browse by topic New Diagnosis Tests & Procedures Flares Medication Food & Nutrition School Parent Wellbeing Managing day to day Family & Relationships Appointments browse all resources Find guides, articles and practical tools for every stage of your child’s IBD journey. Could my child have IBD? Symptoms, tests and what parents need to know Worried your child might have Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis? Learn about common IBD symptoms in children, when to see a doctor and what tests may be needed. Read More Setting boundaries with family members about your child's care Learn how to set healthy boundaries with family members about your child's IBD care, from medication and food choices to unsolicited advice and privacy. Discover practical ways to protect your child and reduce family conflict. Read More When siblings feel left out because of IBD Learn why siblings may feel left out when a child has IBD and discover practical ways to support their emotions, strengthen family relationships and help every child feel loved, valued and included. Read More School anxiety in children with IBD: how parents can help Learn how IBD can contribute to school anxiety in children and discover practical ways parents can reduce worries about symptoms, toilet access, friendships and missed school, helping children feel more confident and supported. Read More How IBD affects children's mental health Explore how IBD can affect children’s mental health, from anxiety and body image to friendships and school, and learn how to recognise emotional struggles and support your child’s wellbeing. Read More How to prepare your child for a colonoscopy Learn how to prepare your child for an IBD colonoscopy, including bowel preparation, dietary restrictions, medications, fasting, what to pack and how to ease anxiety before the procedure. Read More Managing appointments around school and work Practical tips for balancing your child’s IBD appointments with school and work, including scheduling, workplace flexibility, managing missed schoolwork and preparing for unexpected visits. Read More Preparing for unexpected hospital visits Learn how to prepare for unexpected hospital visits when your child has IBD, including warning signs, what to pack, medical information to bring and how to support your child during an emergency. Read More Managing school mornings when your child has IBD Practical tips for managing school mornings when your child has IBD, from handling symptoms and anxiety to creating flexible routines and knowing when to keep them home. Read More Does sugar feed intestinal inflammation? Explore the research on sugar and IBD, including its potential effects on gut inflammation, the gut microbiome and flare risk, and whether reducing sugar can help children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Evinature for children with IBD: exploring natural support Explore Evinature as a natural approach to IBD, including the research, potential benefits, safety considerations and costs parents should know before considering it for their child. Read More What should I tell my child’s school? What to share about Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, including toilet access, fatigue, flares, medication, absences, exams, PE and emotional wellbeing. Read More Helping your child feel comfortable about their body How Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can affect body confidence, growth, weight, puberty and eating, plus practical ways to support your child’s self-esteem and wellbeing. Read More IBD, growth and weight: What parents should know How Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can affect weight, height, puberty and nutrition, what changes to watch for, and when to speak with your child’s IBD team. Read More Nutrition and growth in children with IBD How Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can affect weight, height, puberty and nutritional needs, including iron, vitamin D, protein and energy, when to see an IBD dietitian and how to support healthy growth. Read More A parent’s guide to IBD blood tests and medication monitoring Learn which blood tests help monitor your child’s IBD, what the results mean, and how regular testing helps keep their condition and medications safe. Read More Medication side effects: What should parents know? Learn about common IBD medication side effects in children, including steroids, biologics and other Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis treatments, and when to seek medical advice. 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Understand the blood tests used to monitor IBD in children, including inflammation markers, iron levels, vitamin deficiencies and medication safety, and learn what results can tell you about your child’s health. Read More Who is who on your child's IBD healthcare team? Learn who makes up your child’s IBD healthcare team, what each specialist does and who to contact for help with symptoms, medication, nutrition, emotional wellbeing and everyday care. Read More Preparing for family holidays with IBD Practical tips for planning a family holiday with IBD, including medication, travel insurance, toilet access, food, managing symptoms and preparing for unexpected flares. Read More Supporting Your Child on Difficult IBD Days Practical ways to support your child through difficult IBD days, manage overwhelming emotions, build resilience and help them feel understood, safe and supported. Read More Curcumin and turmeric for IBD: what does the research show? 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New Diagnosis Newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease: a parent's guide A practical guide for parents navigating a new Crohn’s disease diagnosis in their child. Learn about treatment, symptoms, nutrition, growth, school support and emotional wellbeing, plus how to help your family adjust and know what to expect next. Finding out that your child has Crohn's disease can bring a mix of emotions. You might feel relieved to finally have an explanation for their symptoms, but also frightened, overwhelmed or uncertain about what happens next. You may have questions about treatment, medication, food, school, growth and what Crohn's disease will mean for your child's future. You might also be wondering how to explain the diagnosis to your child and help them feel less worried. Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation in the digestive tract. It is a chronic condition, which means it requires ongoing management, but treatments can help many children achieve periods of remission and participate in everyday activities. You do not need to understand everything straight away. The early days after diagnosis are about learning what your child needs, building a relationship with their healthcare team and taking things one step at a time. This guide will help you understand the basics of Crohn's disease, what to expect after diagnosis and how to support your child and family as you adjust to this new chapter. 💚 What is Crohn's disease? Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that belongs to a group of conditions known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It can affect any part of the digestive tract, from the mouth to the anus, although it most commonly affects the end of the small intestine and the beginning of the large intestine. In Crohn's disease, the immune system contributes to inflammation in the digestive tract. The exact cause is not fully understood, but it involves a combination of genetic, environmental and immune system factors. Crohn's disease is not caused by something your child ate, something you did as a parent or a lack of good parenting. It is also not contagious. Symptoms can vary from child to child. Some children experience abdominal pain and diarrhoea, while others may have fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss or difficulties with growth. Crohn's disease can also affect areas beyond the digestive tract, including the joints, skin and eyes. There is currently no cure, but treatment aims to control inflammation, relieve symptoms, support healthy growth and reduce the risk of complications. 🩺 What happens after diagnosis? After diagnosis, your child's gastroenterology team will develop a treatment and monitoring plan based on their symptoms, test results, age, growth and the areas of the digestive tract affected. You may have several appointments in the first few months as the team explains the diagnosis, discusses treatment options and checks how your child is responding. Your child's care may include: Medication to reduce inflammation and help achieve remission. Blood and stool tests to monitor inflammation, nutritional status and treatment response. Growth and weight monitoring. Nutritional advice from a dietitian. Further investigations when clinically needed. Support for emotional wellbeing and everyday life. Not every child needs the same tests or treatments. Some children require more intensive treatment than others, depending on the severity of their disease. It is also important to understand that feeling better does not always mean inflammation has completely resolved. Your child's team may use blood tests, stool tests or other investigations to assess how well treatment is working. Ask your gastroenterology team what the next few months are likely to involve and when you should expect follow-up appointments. Having a general plan can make the early stages feel more manageable. 💊 Understanding your child's treatment One of the biggest adjustments after diagnosis is learning about the medications used to treat Crohn's disease. The aim of treatment is not simply to make symptoms disappear. It is also to control inflammation, protect the digestive tract and support your child's long-term health. Depending on your child's circumstances, treatment may include: Corticosteroids: Sometimes used for short-term control of inflammation. They are generally not intended for long-term maintenance. Immunomodulators: Medicines such as azathioprine may be used in selected circumstances to help manage the disease. Biologic medicines: Treatments that target specific parts of the immune system and are used in many children with Crohn's disease. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN): A specialised liquid nutrition treatment that can induce remission in children with Crohn's disease. Other nutritional or medical treatments: Depending on your child's symptoms, nutritional needs and disease activity. Your child's specialist will explain which options are appropriate and why. You may feel nervous about medication, particularly if you have read about potential side effects. It is reasonable to ask questions about benefits, risks, monitoring and what to do if your child becomes unwell. Do not stop or change prescribed medication without speaking to your child's healthcare team. Some treatments need to be continued even when symptoms improve. If your child struggles with tablets, injections or infusions, tell the team. They may be able to suggest practical ways to make treatment easier. 🔍 Learning the difference between a flare and remission Crohn's disease can change over time. Your child may experience periods when symptoms are active and other periods when they feel much better. A flare is a period when the disease becomes more active, often causing symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fatigue or reduced appetite. Remission means the disease is controlled. Depending on how remission is assessed, this may involve symptom improvement, reduced inflammation on tests or healing of the intestinal lining. Some children feel well while inflammation is still present, which is why monitoring remains important even when symptoms have settled. Learning what is normal for your child can help you recognise changes that need attention. Ask your gastroenterology team: Which symptoms should prompt us to contact you? Which symptoms require urgent medical attention? What should we do if symptoms return? When should we arrange blood or stool tests? How will we know whether treatment is working? Having clear instructions can help you feel more confident when symptoms change. 🚩 Symptoms to watch for Crohn's disease can cause different symptoms depending on which parts of the digestive tract are affected and how active the inflammation is. Common symptoms in children include: Abdominal pain or cramping. Diarrhoea, sometimes with blood. Urgency or needing the toilet frequently. Fatigue or low energy. Reduced appetite. Unintentional weight loss. Poor growth or delayed puberty. Mouth ulcers. Joint pain or other symptoms outside the digestive tract. Symptoms may develop gradually or become more noticeable during a flare. Contact your child's healthcare team if symptoms return, become more frequent or interfere with eating, drinking, sleep or everyday activities. Seek urgent medical assessment if your child has severe or worsening abdominal pain, significant abdominal swelling, persistent vomiting, heavy bleeding, signs of dehydration or appears seriously unwell. If you are concerned that your child needs immediate emergency care, do not wait for a routine appointment. Your gastroenterology team should provide individual instructions about when to call and where to seek help outside normal clinic hours. 🍎 Does your child need to change their diet? Food is often one of the first things parents worry about after a Crohn's disease diagnosis. You may wonder whether certain foods caused the condition, whether your child needs to avoid particular ingredients or whether changing their diet could prevent future flares. There is no single diet that works for every child with Crohn's disease, and food alone does not cause the condition. However, nutrition plays an important role in supporting growth, maintaining weight and helping children meet their nutritional needs. Some children need specific dietary adjustments during a flare, while others may benefit from a structured nutritional treatment such as exclusive enteral nutrition. These approaches should be discussed with your child's medical team and dietitian. Try to avoid removing entire food groups without appropriate advice. Restrictive diets can make it difficult for growing children to obtain enough energy, protein, vitamins and minerals. A paediatric dietitian experienced in IBD can help you understand: Which foods your child tolerates comfortably. How to support healthy growth and weight. Whether nutritional supplements are needed. How to manage reduced appetite or food-related symptoms. Whether a specific dietary treatment is appropriate. If your child is eating less, losing weight or struggling with food, tell the team rather than assuming it is something you need to manage alone. 📏 Growth, weight and puberty Crohn's disease can affect a child's growth and development, particularly when inflammation is active or nutritional intake is inadequate. Some children experience weight loss, slower height gain or delayed puberty before their diagnosis. For others, growth is not significantly affected. Once treatment begins, the healthcare team will usually monitor your child's height, weight and growth pattern over time. Controlling inflammation and meeting nutritional needs can help support healthy development. It is worth asking your child's team whether their growth is tracking as expected and whether they need additional nutritional support. Puberty can be an especially sensitive time. If your child is worried about being smaller than their peers, developing later or looking different, offer reassurance and encourage them to talk about their concerns. Growth and puberty are not just medical measurements. They can also affect confidence, friendships and emotional wellbeing. 🏫 Helping your child at school A Crohn's disease diagnosis can affect school life, even when your child is feeling reasonably well. They may need time away for appointments, tests or treatment. Symptoms can make it difficult to concentrate, participate in physical education or remain in class without toilet breaks. Fatigue may also affect their ability to complete work or manage a full school day. You do not need to tell every person at school about your child's diagnosis. However, sharing relevant information with a trusted teacher, school nurse or learning support coordinator can help them understand what your child may need. Depending on your child's circumstances, useful arrangements may include: Immediate toilet access without having to ask in front of classmates. Permission to carry a water bottle or necessary supplies. Flexibility around missed work and deadlines. A plan for managing symptoms at school. Support with fatigue and physical activities. Time and flexibility for medical appointments. Ask your child how much they want their classmates to know. Some children are comfortable discussing Crohn's disease, while others prefer to keep their diagnosis private. The goal is to help your child participate in school as comfortably as possible without feeling defined by their condition. 💛 Supporting your child's emotional wellbeing A new diagnosis can be confusing and frightening for a child. They may worry about pain, medication, hospital visits, missing school or whether they will always feel unwell. Some children ask lots of questions, while others avoid talking about their diagnosis altogether. There is no single correct emotional response. Start by giving your child simple, honest explanations that are appropriate for their age. Reassure them that Crohn's disease is not their fault and that their healthcare team is there to help them feel better and stay healthy. You can also: Encourage questions without expecting your child to understand everything immediately. Acknowledge difficult feelings instead of telling them not to worry. Maintain familiar routines wherever possible. Let them make age-appropriate choices about their care. Continue activities and friendships when they feel well enough. Give them opportunities to talk privately if they feel embarrassed or upset. Some children benefit from talking to a psychologist or counsellor who understands chronic illness, particularly if anxiety, low mood or fear of symptoms begins affecting everyday life. You do not have to solve every worry. Often, listening and reassuring your child that you will work through things together is a valuable starting point. 👨👩👧 How to tell family and friends You may be unsure how much to tell relatives, friends and other parents about your child's diagnosis. Some families prefer to share the news openly, while others choose to tell only a few trusted people. Both approaches are valid. When explaining Crohn's disease, it may help to keep the message simple: "Our child has been diagnosed with Crohn's disease, which is a type of inflammatory bowel disease. It causes inflammation in the digestive tract, and they're now working with a specialist team on treatment. We're still learning about it, so we'll share more when we're ready." You may receive questions, advice or suggestions about diets and alternative treatments. It is okay to acknowledge people's concern without feeling obliged to follow their recommendations. You can say, "Thanks for caring. We're following advice from their gastroenterology team." If your child is old enough, involve them in deciding who should know and what information they are comfortable sharing. Protecting your child's privacy can help them feel more in control of their diagnosis. 🫂 Looking after siblings and the rest of the family A child's diagnosis can affect everyone in the household. Parents may feel overwhelmed by appointments, treatment decisions and worries about the future. Siblings may feel confused or left out when more attention is directed towards the child with Crohn's disease. Try to maintain some familiar family routines and make time for each child individually when possible. Explain the diagnosis to siblings in an age-appropriate way, reassure them that Crohn's disease is not contagious and let them ask questions. It is also important to recognise your own emotional needs. You may experience relief, sadness, anger or uncertainty, sometimes all in the same day. You do not need to have every answer or remain positive all the time. Accepting help from family, friends or professionals can make the adjustment easier. If family stress becomes difficult to manage, your child's healthcare team may be able to connect you with a social worker, psychologist or other support services. 📝 Questions to ask your child's gastroenterologist Appointments can feel overwhelming, particularly when you are receiving a lot of new information. Writing down questions beforehand can help you make the most of your time with the team. Consider asking: Which parts of the digestive tract are affected? How active is my child's disease? What is the goal of their current treatment? How will we know whether treatment is working? What side effects should we look out for? Which symptoms mean we should contact the team urgently? What should we do if symptoms return outside clinic hours? How often will blood tests, stool tests or other investigations be needed? Does my child need support from a dietitian? How will their growth and puberty be monitored? What should the school know about their condition? Who should we contact if we have concerns between appointments? You do not need to ask everything at once. Keep a running list and bring the most important questions to each appointment. 🌿 Finding reliable information and support After diagnosis, it is natural to search online for answers. However, the amount of information available can quickly become overwhelming, and not all of it is accurate or relevant to children. Try to prioritise information from recognised IBD organisations, paediatric gastroenterology teams and reputable healthcare services. Depending on where you live, useful resources include: Crohn's & Colitis Australia : Information and support for Australians affected by IBD. Crohn's & Colitis Foundation : Educational resources and support for families in the United States. Crohn's & Colitis UK : Information about living with IBD and accessing support in the United Kingdom. Crohn's and Colitis Canada : Resources for people and families affected by IBD in Canada. Crohn's & Colitis New Zealand : Information and support for people living with IBD in New Zealand. You may also find it helpful to connect with other parents who understand the experience of raising a child with Crohn's disease. Remember that another family's experience may not reflect what will happen for your child. Use shared experiences for connection and reassurance, but discuss individual medical decisions with your child's healthcare team. 🌷 Remember, you don't have to figure everything out today A Crohn's disease diagnosis can change how you think about your child's health and future. It is natural to have questions and to feel uncertain about what comes next. In the beginning, focus on the essentials: understanding your child's treatment plan, knowing when to seek help, supporting their nutrition and growth, and making sure they feel loved and heard. You will learn more as you go. You will become more familiar with your child's symptoms, the healthcare system and the practical adjustments that make daily life easier. There may be difficult periods, but there can also be times when your child feels well, returns to their favourite activities and enjoys life without thinking about Crohn's disease all the time. Your child is still the same person they were before their diagnosis. Their interests, friendships, personality and dreams remain important. You do not need to have all the answers today. You just need to take the next step, ask for support when you need it and help your child know they are not facing this alone. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis: a parent's guide A practical guide for parents navigating a new ulcerative colitis diagnosis in their child. Learn about treatment, symptoms, nutrition, growth, school support and emotional wellbeing, plus how to help your family adjust and know what to expect next. Read More Setting boundaries with family members about your child's care Learn how to set healthy boundaries with family members about your child's IBD care, from medication and food choices to unsolicited advice and privacy. Discover practical ways to protect your child and reduce family conflict. Read More Managing birthday parties and family gatherings during an IBD flare Practical tips for managing birthday parties and family gatherings when your child has an IBD flare, including toilet access, food, anxiety, fatigue and handling cancelled plans while helping your child feel included and supported. Read More What to say when people give unsolicited advice about IBD Learn how to respond to unsolicited advice about your child's IBD, from diet and medication suggestions to comments about stress. Discover practical ways to set boundaries, protect your peace and feel confident in your decisions. Read More

New Diagnosis Newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis: a parent's guide A practical guide for parents navigating a new ulcerative colitis diagnosis in their child. Learn about treatment, symptoms, nutrition, growth, school support and emotional wellbeing, plus how to help your family adjust and know what to expect next. Finding out that your child has ulcerative colitis can bring a mixture of emotions. You might feel relieved to finally have an explanation for their symptoms, but also frightened, overwhelmed or uncertain about what happens next. You may have questions about treatment, medication, food, school, growth and what ulcerative colitis will mean for your child's future. You might also be wondering how to explain the diagnosis to your child and help them feel less worried. Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation in the lining of the large intestine. It is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management, but treatment can help many children achieve remission and participate in everyday activities. You do not need to understand everything straight away. The early days after diagnosis are about learning what your child needs, building a relationship with their healthcare team and taking things one step at a time. This guide will help you understand the basics of ulcerative colitis, what to expect after diagnosis and how to support your child and family as you adjust to this new chapter. 💚 What is ulcerative colitis? Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that belongs to a group of conditions known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine, which includes the colon and rectum. Unlike Crohn's disease, which can affect any part of the digestive tract, ulcerative colitis affects the large intestine. The inflammation usually begins in the rectum and can extend further through the colon. The extent of inflammation varies from person to person. The exact cause of ulcerative colitis is not fully understood. It involves an abnormal immune response and a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Ulcerative colitis is not caused by something your child ate, something you did as a parent or a lack of good parenting. It is also not contagious. Common symptoms in children include diarrhoea, blood or mucus in the stool, abdominal pain, urgency and fatigue. Some children may also experience reduced appetite, weight loss, anaemia or difficulties with growth. There is currently no medication that universally cures ulcerative colitis, but treatments can control inflammation, relieve symptoms and help protect your child's health. Surgery can be a treatment option in certain circumstances. 🩺 What happens after diagnosis? After diagnosis, your child's gastroenterology team will develop a treatment and monitoring plan based on their symptoms, test results, age, growth and the extent and severity of inflammation. You may have several appointments in the first few months as the team explains the diagnosis, discusses treatment options and checks how your child is responding. Your child's care may include: Medication to reduce inflammation and help achieve remission. Blood and stool tests to monitor inflammation, nutritional status and treatment response. Growth and weight monitoring. Nutritional advice from a dietitian. Further investigations when clinically needed. Support for emotional wellbeing and everyday life. Not every child needs the same tests or treatments. Some children have relatively mild disease, while others require more intensive treatment to control inflammation. Your child's team may use blood tests, stool tests and, when appropriate, endoscopic investigations to assess how well treatment is working. It is important to understand that feeling better does not always mean inflammation has completely resolved. Monitoring remains important even when symptoms have settled. Ask your gastroenterology team what the next few months are likely to involve, when follow-up appointments will take place and who to contact if you have concerns between visits. Having a general plan can make the early stages feel more manageable. 💊 Understanding your child's treatment One of the biggest adjustments after diagnosis is learning about the medications used to treat ulcerative colitis. The aim of treatment is not simply to make symptoms disappear. It is also to control inflammation, heal the lining of the colon where possible and reduce the risk of complications. Depending on your child's circumstances, treatment may include: 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASAs): Medicines such as mesalazine that help reduce inflammation in the lining of the colon. Corticosteroids: Sometimes used for short-term control of moderate or severe inflammation. They are generally not intended for long-term maintenance. Immunomodulators: Medicines such as azathioprine may be used in selected circumstances to help maintain disease control. Biologic medicines: Treatments that target specific parts of the immune system and may be used when other treatments are not sufficient or when disease severity warrants them. Other advanced therapies: Depending on your child's age, disease severity, treatment history and local approvals, additional targeted medicines may be considered. Some children with more severe disease may need hospital treatment, including intravenous medication. Your child's specialist will explain which options are appropriate and why. You may feel nervous about medication, particularly if you have read about potential side effects. It is reasonable to ask questions about benefits, risks, monitoring and what to do if your child becomes unwell. Do not stop or change prescribed medication without speaking to your child's healthcare team. Some treatments need to be continued even when symptoms improve. If your child struggles with tablets, rectal medications, injections or infusions, tell the team. They may be able to suggest practical ways to make treatment easier. 🔍 Learning the difference between a flare and remission Ulcerative colitis can change over time. Your child may experience periods when symptoms are active and other periods when they feel much better. A flare is a period when the disease becomes more active, often causing symptoms such as diarrhoea, blood in the stool, abdominal pain, urgency or fatigue. Remission means the disease is controlled. Depending on how remission is assessed, this may involve symptom improvement, reduced inflammation on tests or healing of the intestinal lining. Some children feel well while inflammation is still present, which is why monitoring remains important even when symptoms have settled. Learning what is normal for your child can help you recognise changes that need attention. Ask your gastroenterology team: Which symptoms should prompt us to contact you? Which symptoms require urgent medical attention? What should we do if symptoms return? When should we arrange blood or stool tests? How will we know whether treatment is working? Having clear instructions can help you feel more confident when symptoms change. 🚩 Symptoms to watch for Ulcerative colitis can cause different symptoms depending on how much of the colon is affected and how active the inflammation is. Common symptoms in children include: Diarrhoea, sometimes with blood or mucus. Abdominal pain or cramping. Urgency or needing the toilet frequently. Feeling that they still need to pass stool after going to the toilet. Fatigue or low energy. Reduced appetite. Unintentional weight loss. Poor growth or delayed puberty. Anaemia. Joint pain or other symptoms outside the digestive tract. Symptoms may develop gradually or become more noticeable during a flare. Contact your child's healthcare team if symptoms return, become more frequent or interfere with eating, drinking, sleep or everyday activities. Seek urgent medical assessment if your child has severe or worsening abdominal pain, significant abdominal swelling, persistent vomiting, heavy or increasing rectal bleeding, signs of dehydration or appears seriously unwell. If you are concerned that your child needs immediate emergency care, do not wait for a routine appointment. Your gastroenterology team should provide individual instructions about when to call and where to seek help outside normal clinic hours. 🍎 Does your child need to change their diet? Food is often one of the first things parents worry about after an ulcerative colitis diagnosis. You may wonder whether certain foods caused the condition, whether your child needs to avoid particular ingredients or whether changing their diet could prevent future flares. There is no single diet that works for every child with ulcerative colitis, and food alone does not cause the condition. However, nutrition plays an important role in supporting growth, maintaining weight and helping children meet their nutritional needs. Some foods may worsen symptoms for an individual child, particularly during a flare, but this does not necessarily mean that the food is causing inflammation. Try to avoid removing entire food groups without appropriate advice. Restrictive diets can make it difficult for growing children to obtain enough energy, protein, vitamins and minerals. A paediatric dietitian experienced in IBD can help you understand: Which foods your child tolerates comfortably. How to support healthy growth and weight. Whether nutritional supplements are needed. How to manage reduced appetite or food-related symptoms. Whether any dietary changes may be useful for your child's individual circumstances. If your child is eating less, losing weight or struggling with food, tell the team rather than assuming it is something you need to manage alone. 📏 Growth, weight and puberty Ulcerative colitis can affect a child's growth and development, particularly when inflammation is active or nutritional intake is inadequate. Some children experience weight loss, slower height gain or delayed puberty before their diagnosis. For others, growth is not significantly affected. Once treatment begins, the healthcare team will usually monitor your child's height, weight and growth pattern over time. Controlling inflammation and meeting nutritional needs can help support healthy development. It is worth asking your child's team whether their growth is tracking as expected and whether they need additional nutritional support. Puberty can be an especially sensitive time. If your child is worried about being smaller than their peers, developing later or looking different, offer reassurance and encourage them to talk about their concerns. Growth and puberty are not just medical measurements. They can also affect confidence, friendships and emotional wellbeing. 🏫 Helping your child at school An ulcerative colitis diagnosis can affect school life, even when your child is feeling reasonably well. They may need time away for appointments, tests or treatment. Symptoms can make it difficult to concentrate, participate in physical education or remain in class without frequent toilet breaks. Fatigue may also affect their ability to complete work or manage a full school day. You do not need to tell every person at school about your child's diagnosis. However, sharing relevant information with a trusted teacher, school nurse or learning support coordinator can help them understand what your child may need. Depending on your child's circumstances, useful arrangements may include: Immediate toilet access without having to ask in front of classmates. Permission to carry a water bottle or necessary supplies. Flexibility around missed work and deadlines. A plan for managing symptoms at school. Support with fatigue and physical activities. Time and flexibility for medical appointments. Ask your child how much they want their classmates to know. Some children are comfortable discussing ulcerative colitis, while others prefer to keep their diagnosis private. The goal is to help your child participate in school as comfortably as possible without feeling defined by their condition. 💛 Supporting your child's emotional wellbeing A new diagnosis can be confusing and frightening for a child. They may worry about pain, medication, hospital visits, missing school or whether they will always feel unwell. Some children ask lots of questions, while others avoid talking about their diagnosis altogether. There is no single correct emotional response. Start by giving your child simple, honest explanations that are appropriate for their age. Reassure them that ulcerative colitis is not their fault and that their healthcare team is there to help them feel better and stay healthy. You can also: Encourage questions without expecting your child to understand everything immediately. Acknowledge difficult feelings instead of telling them not to worry. Maintain familiar routines wherever possible. Let them make age-appropriate choices about their care. Continue activities and friendships when they feel well enough. Give them opportunities to talk privately if they feel embarrassed or upset. Some children benefit from talking to a psychologist or counsellor who understands chronic illness, particularly if anxiety, low mood or fear of symptoms begins affecting everyday life. You do not have to solve every worry. Often, listening and reassuring your child that you will work through things together is a valuable starting point. 👨👩👧 How to tell family and friends You may be unsure how much to tell relatives, friends and other parents about your child's diagnosis. Some families prefer to share the news openly, while others choose to tell only a few trusted people. Both approaches are valid. When explaining ulcerative colitis, it may help to keep the message simple: "Our child has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis, which is a type of inflammatory bowel disease. It causes inflammation in the large intestine, and they're now working with a specialist team on treatment. We're still learning about it, so we'll share more when we're ready." You may receive questions, advice or suggestions about diets and alternative treatments. It is okay to acknowledge people's concern without feeling obliged to follow their recommendations. You can say, "Thanks for caring. We're following advice from their gastroenterology team." If your child is old enough, involve them in deciding who should know and what information they are comfortable sharing. Protecting your child's privacy can help them feel more in control of their diagnosis. 🫂 Looking after siblings and the rest of the family A child's diagnosis can affect everyone in the household. Parents may feel overwhelmed by appointments, treatment decisions and worries about the future. Siblings may feel confused or left out when more attention is directed towards the child with ulcerative colitis. Try to maintain some familiar family routines and make time for each child individually when possible. Explain the diagnosis to siblings in an age-appropriate way, reassure them that ulcerative colitis is not contagious and let them ask questions. It is also important to recognise your own emotional needs. You may experience relief, sadness, anger or uncertainty, sometimes all in the same day. You do not need to have every answer or remain positive all the time. Accepting help from family, friends or professionals can make the adjustment easier. If family stress becomes difficult to manage, your child's healthcare team may be able to connect you with a social worker, psychologist or other support services. 📝 Questions to ask your child's gastroenterologist Appointments can feel overwhelming, particularly when you are receiving a lot of new information. Writing down questions beforehand can help you make the most of your time with the team. Consider asking: How much of my child's colon is affected? How active is their disease? What is the goal of their current treatment? How will we know whether treatment is working? What side effects should we look out for? Which symptoms mean we should contact the team urgently? What should we do if symptoms return outside clinic hours? How often will blood tests, stool tests or other investigations be needed? Does my child need support from a dietitian? How will their growth and puberty be monitored? What should the school know about their condition? Who should we contact if we have concerns between appointments? You do not need to ask everything at once. Keep a running list and bring the most important questions to each appointment. 🌿 Finding reliable information and support After diagnosis, it is natural to search online for answers. However, the amount of information available can quickly become overwhelming, and not all of it is accurate or relevant to children. Try to prioritise information from recognised IBD organisations, paediatric gastroenterology teams and reputable healthcare services. Depending on where you live, useful resources include: Crohn's & Colitis Australia : Information and support for Australians affected by IBD. Crohn's & Colitis Foundation : Educational resources and support for families in the United States. Crohn's & Colitis UK : Information about living with IBD and accessing support in the United Kingdom. Crohn's and Colitis Canada : Resources for people and families affected by IBD in Canada. Crohn's & Colitis New Zealand : Information and support for people living with IBD in New Zealand. You may also find it helpful to connect with other parents who understand the experience of raising a child with ulcerative colitis. Remember that another family's experience may not reflect what will happen for your child. Use shared experiences for connection and reassurance, but discuss individual medical decisions with your child's healthcare team. 🌷 Remember, you don't have to figure everything out today An ulcerative colitis diagnosis can change how you think about your child's health and future. It is natural to have questions and to feel uncertain about what comes next. In the beginning, focus on the essentials: understanding your child's treatment plan, knowing when to seek help, supporting their nutrition and growth, and making sure they feel loved and heard. You will learn more as you go. You will become more familiar with your child's symptoms, the healthcare system and the practical adjustments that make daily life easier. There may be difficult periods, but there can also be times when your child feels well, returns to their favourite activities and enjoys life without thinking about ulcerative colitis all the time. Your child is still the same person they were before their diagnosis. Their interests, friendships, personality and dreams remain important. You do not need to have all the answers today. You just need to take the next step, ask for support when you need it and help your child know they are not facing this alone. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease: a parent's guide A practical guide for parents navigating a new Crohn’s disease diagnosis in their child. Learn about treatment, symptoms, nutrition, growth, school support and emotional wellbeing, plus how to help your family adjust and know what to expect next. Read More Setting boundaries with family members about your child's care Learn how to set healthy boundaries with family members about your child's IBD care, from medication and food choices to unsolicited advice and privacy. Discover practical ways to protect your child and reduce family conflict. Read More Managing birthday parties and family gatherings during an IBD flare Practical tips for managing birthday parties and family gatherings when your child has an IBD flare, including toilet access, food, anxiety, fatigue and handling cancelled plans while helping your child feel included and supported. Read More What to say when people give unsolicited advice about IBD Learn how to respond to unsolicited advice about your child's IBD, from diet and medication suggestions to comments about stress. Discover practical ways to set boundaries, protect your peace and feel confident in your decisions. Read More

New Diagnosis What causes IBD in children? Learn what researchers know about the causes of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in children, including genetics, the immune system, gut microbiome and environmental factors. Why does my child have IBD? Did I do something wrong? Is it something they ate? Could I have prevented it? These are incredibly common questions for parents after a child is diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The short answer is: We don’t know exactly what causes IBD. What we do know is that IBD is thought to develop from a combination of genetic, immune system, environmental and other factors. And most importantly, you did not cause your child’s IBD. 🧩 IBD is not caused by one thing IBD is a complex condition. It isn’t as simple as one food, one infection, one stressful event or one gene causing the disease. Researchers believe IBD develops when several factors interact in a person who is genetically susceptible to the condition. These factors can include: Genetics The immune system The gut microbiome Environmental factors Other factors that researchers are still trying to understand This is sometimes described as the “multifactorial” nature of IBD. 🧬 Does IBD run in families? Genetics can play a role in IBD. Children who have a close relative with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis have a higher risk of developing IBD than children without a family history. But having a family member with IBD doesn’t mean a child will definitely develop it . And many children diagnosed with IBD don’t have a parent or close family member with the condition. Scientists have identified many genetic variations associated with IBD, but genetics alone don’t explain why someone develops the disease. Think of genetics as one piece of the puzzle, rather than the whole answer. 🛡️ What does the immune system have to do with IBD? Our immune system protects us from things that can make us sick. With IBD, the immune system becomes involved in an abnormal or ongoing inflammatory response in the digestive tract. Instead of inflammation switching off normally, the immune system can continue to drive inflammation. This can damage the lining of the digestive tract and lead to the symptoms associated with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Researchers are still working to understand exactly why this happens. 🦠 What about the gut microbiome? Your child’s digestive tract contains trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi. Together, these microorganisms are known as the gut microbiome . The microbiome plays an important role in digestion, immunity and the health of the intestinal lining. Research has found differences in the gut microbiome of people with IBD compared with people without IBD. However, researchers are still trying to determine whether these changes help cause IBD, result from IBD or are influenced by treatment, diet or inflammation. So, while the gut microbiome appears to be important, we don’t currently have a simple answer such as: “This particular bacteria caused my child’s IBD.” 🌍 Can environmental factors play a role? Researchers believe that environmental factors may contribute to the development of IBD. These may include things such as: Where someone lives Diet and nutrition Exposure to infections Antibiotic exposure Smoking and second-hand smoke Other aspects of the environment But this does not mean that one of these things caused your child’s IBD. IBD is much more complicated than that. Scientists are still investigating which environmental factors matter, how they interact with genetics and the immune system, and why IBD is becoming more common in many parts of the world. 🍔 Did food cause my child’s IBD? No. There is no evidence that a particular food or normal childhood diet simply causes a child to develop IBD. This is an important one for parents because food can become a source of guilt after diagnosis. You may find yourself thinking: “Did we feed them the wrong foods?” “Should I have noticed something earlier?” “Could I have prevented this?” Please don’t blame yourself. IBD is not caused by parents giving their child the wrong foods. Once a child has IBD, however, food and nutrition can become important parts of managing their health. Your child’s nutritional needs may change depending on whether their disease is active, whether they’re growing normally and what treatment they are receiving. A paediatric IBD dietitian can help you navigate this without unnecessary food restriction. 😟 Did stress cause my child’s IBD? Stress does not cause IBD. However, stress can affect how a child feels and may make some symptoms feel worse. Children with IBD may also notice that symptoms are harder to manage during stressful periods. This can create a confusing cycle: Stress → symptoms feel worse → more worry → more stress It’s important to distinguish this from saying that stress caused the underlying IBD. Your child’s IBD is not their fault , and it isn’t caused by them being worried, anxious or stressed. 🦠 Did an infection cause it? Some infections can cause symptoms that look very similar to IBD, including diarrhoea, abdominal pain and blood in the stool. This is one reason doctors often perform stool tests when investigating a child with possible IBD. Researchers are also investigating whether certain infections or changes in the immune response to infections could contribute to IBD developing in genetically susceptible people. But there is no single infection that can be identified as the cause of IBD in most children. 💊 Did antibiotics cause my child’s IBD? You may read about research linking antibiotic exposure with IBD. Antibiotics can change the bacteria living in the gut, and researchers are investigating whether changes to the gut microbiome may influence IBD risk. However, this does not mean that giving your child antibiotics caused their IBD. Sometimes antibiotics are necessary to treat infections, and your child’s doctor will weigh up the benefits and risks of treatment. Don’t avoid medically necessary antibiotics because you are worried about IBD. 💉 Did a vaccine cause IBD? There is no good evidence that routine childhood vaccination causes Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. If you have concerns about a particular vaccine or your child’s medical history, talk to their doctor. 🧠 Can IBD be caused by something that happened during pregnancy or childhood? Parents often look back after a diagnosis and wonder whether something happened earlier that could have caused the disease. Researchers have investigated many possible early-life influences, including: Pregnancy Birth Breastfeeding Early childhood infections Antibiotic exposure Diet Environmental exposures Research in these areas is ongoing. There is currently no simple list of childhood experiences that can be blamed for a child’s IBD. 🧬 Why did my child get IBD if nobody else in our family has it? This is a very common question. Although genetics can increase the risk of IBD, most children with IBD do not necessarily have an immediate family member with IBD . A child can have genetic susceptibility without anyone else in the family having been diagnosed. Other factors may also contribute. Researchers are still working to understand exactly how these factors interact. ❌ Things that did not cause your child’s IBD It is worth saying this clearly. Your child’s IBD was not caused by you being a bad parent . It wasn’t caused by: You not noticing symptoms sooner Your child eating the “wrong” foods Your child being stressed about school Your child being anxious Your parenting style Your child not exercising enough Something you did or didn’t do during pregnancy You failing to prevent it IBD is a complex disease, and in most cases there isn’t one thing that a parent can point to and say: “That’s what caused it.” 🔎 So, what actually causes IBD? The best answer we currently have is that IBD probably develops when multiple factors interact . A simplified way of thinking about it is: 🧬 Genetics Your child may have genetic factors that make them more susceptible to IBD. 🛡️ Immune system Their immune system may respond abnormally to things in the digestive tract. 🦠 Gut microbiome The microorganisms living in their digestive tract may influence how the immune system and gut interact. 🌍 Environment Environmental factors may contribute to whether IBD develops in someone who is already susceptible. ❓ Factors we haven’t discovered yet There is still a lot researchers don’t understand. It may be the interaction between these factors — rather than one single cause — that leads to IBD. ❤️ What can I do now? Once your child has been diagnosed with IBD, it’s understandable to want to know what you can do to stop it happening again. But you don’t need to spend your time searching for the one thing that caused it . Instead, focus on what you can control now: Helping your child take their medication as prescribed Attending gastroenterology appointments Monitoring symptoms Supporting healthy growth and nutrition Working with your child’s healthcare team Supporting their emotional wellbeing Helping them stay involved in school, sport and everyday life Learning about their particular type of IBD There is no perfect parent checklist that could have prevented your child’s IBD. 🌱 Research is still looking for answers IBD research is constantly evolving. Scientists are studying genetics, the immune system, the gut microbiome, environmental factors and the interactions between them. The more researchers learn, the better we may understand why IBD develops and how it can be prevented or treated in the future. For now, there is still no single known cause of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. And that’s important to remember when you find yourself asking: “Why my child?” Sometimes there simply isn’t an answer yet. What we do know is that your child didn’t cause their IBD, and neither did you. Your focus now can be on helping your child feel well, supporting their treatment and making sure they know that IBD is something they have — not who they are . This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Setting boundaries with family members about your child's care Learn how to set healthy boundaries with family members about your child's IBD care, from medication and food choices to unsolicited advice and privacy. Discover practical ways to protect your child and reduce family conflict. Read More Managing birthday parties and family gatherings during an IBD flare Practical tips for managing birthday parties and family gatherings when your child has an IBD flare, including toilet access, food, anxiety, fatigue and handling cancelled plans while helping your child feel included and supported. Read More What to say when people give unsolicited advice about IBD Learn how to respond to unsolicited advice about your child's IBD, from diet and medication suggestions to comments about stress. Discover practical ways to set boundaries, protect your peace and feel confident in your decisions. Read More When siblings feel left out because of IBD Learn why siblings may feel left out when a child has IBD and discover practical ways to support their emotions, strengthen family relationships and help every child feel loved, valued and included. Read More

Family & Relationships Setting boundaries with family members about your child's care Learn how to set healthy boundaries with family members about your child's IBD care, from medication and food choices to unsolicited advice and privacy. Discover practical ways to protect your child and reduce family conflict. When your child has inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), you want the people around them to provide love, understanding and support. However, family members do not always agree with your decisions about treatment, food, medication or how you manage your child's symptoms. Grandparents, aunts, uncles and other relatives may offer unsolicited advice, question medical decisions or struggle to understand why your child needs certain accommodations. Even when their intentions are good, their comments and behaviour can leave you feeling frustrated, judged or overwhelmed. You may find yourself explaining the same decisions repeatedly, defending your child's treatment or worrying about how relatives will react when you say no. Setting boundaries can help protect your child's wellbeing, maintain your role as their parent and make family relationships easier to navigate. Boundaries are not about shutting people out. They are about making it clear what your family needs and what is acceptable when it comes to your child's care. 🛡️ Why boundaries matter when your child has IBD IBD is a complex, chronic condition that can affect many aspects of a child's life, including their health, nutrition, school attendance and emotional wellbeing. Managing Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis often involves ongoing decisions about medication, appointments, food, activities and how to respond when symptoms change. These decisions can be challenging enough without feeling pressured by other people's opinions. Family members may have different beliefs about medical treatment, dietary changes or alternative therapies. They may compare your child's experience with someone else's or assume they know what is best. Without clear boundaries, you might feel obliged to defend every decision or consider suggestions that are not appropriate for your child. Boundaries can help you: Protect your child's privacy and dignity. Reduce conflict about treatment and medical decisions. Make it clear who is responsible for decisions about your child's care. Prevent your child from feeling caught between different opinions. Reduce stress during flares and other difficult periods. Maintain relationships while making your family's needs clear. You do not need everyone to agree with your decisions. You need them to respect your role as your child's parent and the medical advice guiding their care. 🫂 When family members question your decisions One of the most difficult situations is when relatives repeatedly question decisions you have made with your child's healthcare team. You might hear comments such as: "Are you sure they really need that medication?" "I think you should try changing their diet first." "They're looking much better. Do they still need treatment?" "You worry too much about every little symptom." "If you were less stressed, perhaps they wouldn't be so unwell." "When I was raising children, we didn't do all this." These comments can be hurtful, particularly when you have spent considerable time researching options, attending appointments and managing your child's needs. You do not have to respond to every comment with a detailed explanation. In fact, repeatedly defending your decisions can sometimes invite further debate. Instead, try a calm, direct response. If someone questions medication: "We're following a treatment plan agreed with their gastroenterologist. We're comfortable discussing any concerns with their medical team." If someone disagrees with your approach: "I understand that you see things differently, but we've made this decision based on our child's individual needs." If someone says you're worrying too much: "We know our child and their symptoms, and we'll seek medical advice when we feel it's needed." If someone keeps bringing up the same issue: "We've discussed this already, and our decision hasn't changed. We'd like to move on from the topic." You can acknowledge someone's concern without giving them the authority to make decisions about your child's care. 🩺 Keep medical decisions between you and the healthcare team Family members may have strong opinions about medication, supplements, dietary changes or other treatments. They might recommend stopping a prescribed medication, trying an alternative remedy or changing your child's diet based on something they have read or heard. Although relatives may genuinely want to help, your child's treatment should be guided by their healthcare professionals, who understand their medical history, symptoms and individual needs. You can set a clear boundary that medical decisions are not open to family debate. For example: "We appreciate that you care about them, but medication and treatment decisions are made with their healthcare team. Please don't suggest changes directly to them." If a relative offers a supplement or remedy for your child, you can say: "Thank you for thinking of them. We need to check anything new with their healthcare team before they take it." If someone attempts to change your child's medication or give them something without your permission, be more direct: "You must not give them medication, supplements or remedies without checking with us first." This is particularly important if relatives care for your child without you present. They need to understand what your child is prescribed, what they are allowed to give them and when they should contact you. 🍽️ Setting boundaries around food and nutrition Food can become a source of tension when a child has IBD. Relatives may question what your child eats, pressure them to try certain foods or suggest that dietary changes will cure their condition. They might comment on portion sizes, restrict foods without consulting you or make your child feel uncomfortable about eating differently. These situations can be particularly difficult when your child already has a limited appetite, specific nutritional needs or anxiety about food. You can make it clear that food decisions are based on your child's needs and professional advice. If someone pressures your child to eat: "Please don't pressure them to eat. We'll help them decide what they're comfortable having." If someone criticises what your child eats: "We're managing their nutrition based on their individual needs. Please avoid commenting on their food." If someone suggests a restrictive diet: "We won't remove foods or make significant dietary changes without guidance from their healthcare team." If someone repeatedly discusses food in front of your child: "We want mealtimes to feel relaxed, so we'd prefer not to discuss their diet or symptoms at the table." It can also help to speak to relatives before family gatherings, particularly if food has been a source of conflict in the past. Explain what your child can comfortably eat, whether you will bring food and why it is important that everyone avoids making comments. The goal is to help your child feel included rather than singled out because of their condition. 💬 How to handle unsolicited advice Sometimes, family members offer advice because they feel helpless and want to find a solution. They may send articles, recommend supplements or repeatedly tell you about treatments they believe could help. You might appreciate their concern but find the constant suggestions exhausting. You can set a boundary without rejecting their intentions. Try saying: "I know you're trying to help, and I appreciate that you care. We're not looking for additional treatment suggestions at the moment." Or: "We'll discuss new treatment options with the gastroenterologist if we need to. It would help us if you could support the decisions we're already making." If the advice continues, you can be firmer: "We've asked that you stop sending treatment recommendations. Please respect that boundary." You do not need to research every suggestion, respond to every message or explain why you have decided not to try something. Your time and energy are limited, particularly during a flare. It is reasonable to protect them. 🔒 Protecting your child's privacy As a parent, you may be comfortable discussing your child's diagnosis with close relatives, but that does not mean every detail of their health needs to be shared. Family members might ask about bowel movements, accidents, test results, medication changes or other personal details. Some may share information with extended family or discuss your child's condition with other people without asking you first. As your child grows older, their privacy and preferences become increasingly important. You can establish clear expectations about what information may be shared. For example: "We're happy to keep you updated about how they're doing, but please don't share their medical information with other people without checking with us." If your child is old enough to express their own preferences, involve them in decisions about what is shared. They may be comfortable with grandparents knowing about a hospital admission but not want other relatives discussing their symptoms. Respecting these preferences can help your child feel that they have some control over their own story. You can also ask relatives not to discuss your child's diagnosis in front of others or bring it up in social situations without permission. Your child's medical information belongs to them, too. Sharing it thoughtfully helps protect their dignity and trust. 🏠 Setting boundaries when relatives care for your child If grandparents or other relatives look after your child, it is important that they understand how to support their IBD care. You may need to explain medication schedules, dietary requirements, toilet access, fatigue or what to do if symptoms worsen. Even relatives who love your child deeply may not understand how unpredictable IBD can be. Before leaving your child in someone's care, make sure they understand the practical arrangements and are comfortable following them. You might explain: Which medications must be given and when. What food or nutritional arrangements are needed. How to recognise symptoms that require your attention. Who to contact if your child becomes unwell. When they should seek urgent medical assistance. What your child needs to feel comfortable and supported. If a relative dismisses your instructions, refuses to follow the treatment plan or gives your child something you have explicitly said is not appropriate, you may need to reconsider whether they can safely care for your child without you. You could say: "We need to know that anyone caring for them will follow the arrangements we've agreed on. If that isn't something you're comfortable doing, we'll need to make other plans." This is not about punishing relatives. It is about making sure your child receives consistent, safe care. ❤️ When relatives don't respect your boundaries Setting a boundary does not guarantee that someone will accept it. A relative may become defensive, argue that they are only trying to help or accuse you of being too sensitive. They may continue offering advice despite your requests or try to involve other family members in the disagreement. This can be particularly painful when the person is someone you love and want to maintain a relationship with. Try to remain calm and avoid getting pulled into an argument about whether your boundary is reasonable. You can repeat your position without adding further explanations. For example: "I understand that you disagree, but this is what we need. We're asking you to respect it." If the conversation becomes unproductive, you can end it. "We're not going to resolve this by arguing. Let's leave it here for now." If the behaviour continues, consider what practical changes may be needed. You might limit discussions about medical care, shorten visits or avoid leaving your child in that person's care until you are confident your instructions will be respected. Boundaries work best when you are clear about what you will do if they are repeatedly ignored. You cannot control another person's response, but you can decide what you are comfortable accepting. 🧠 Helping your child feel supported rather than caught in the middle Children can become distressed when family members disagree about their care. They may hear one relative criticising medication while another insists that treatment is essential. They might feel pressure to agree with a grandparent, keep secrets from a parent or defend decisions they do not fully understand. This can create unnecessary anxiety. Make it clear that your child is not responsible for managing disagreements between adults. You might tell them: "The grown-ups are responsible for making sure you get the care you need. You don't have to agree with everyone or explain your treatment to anyone." If a relative speaks negatively about your child's medication, food or symptoms in front of them, intervene calmly. You can say: "We're not going to discuss their treatment that way in front of them. If you have a concern, you can speak to me privately." Try to keep adult disagreements away from your child wherever possible. They need to feel that the people around them are working together to support them, even when those people have different opinions. 🤝 How to communicate boundaries without damaging relationships It is possible to set firm boundaries while still maintaining warm relationships with family members. When appropriate, choose a quiet moment to talk rather than raising the issue during an argument or in front of other relatives. Explain what behaviour is causing difficulty, what you need to change and why it matters. For example: "We know you love them and want to help. When you repeatedly question their medication or suggest that we should try different diets, it adds to our stress. We need you to trust that we're working with their medical team and support the decisions we're making." This approach acknowledges the person's intentions while making your expectations clear. You can also give relatives positive ways to help. Instead of offering treatment advice, they might: Help with school pickups or transport to appointments. Prepare a meal that meets your child's needs. Spend time with your child doing something they enjoy. Support siblings when family life becomes focused on IBD. Listen when you need to talk without trying to solve everything. Offer practical help during a flare. Sometimes, people find it easier to respect boundaries when they understand what they can do instead. However, you do not need to persuade everyone to agree with you before setting a boundary. Respect is still important when opinions differ. 🌿 Letting go of guilt when you say no Many parents feel guilty about setting boundaries with family members. You might worry that you are being ungrateful, causing conflict or preventing your child from having a close relationship with their relatives. You may also feel pressure to keep everyone happy because your family is already dealing with the challenges of IBD. Remember that setting boundaries is not the same as rejecting someone. You can appreciate a relative's love and support while deciding that certain comments, behaviours or approaches are not helpful. You are not responsible for preventing every uncomfortable feeling another adult experiences when you say no. Your responsibility is to make decisions that support your child's wellbeing and to provide an environment where they feel safe, respected and cared for. If a boundary disappoints someone, that does not automatically mean it is unfair. 🌷 Remember, you are allowed to protect your family When your child has IBD, you are already managing enough without feeling that you must defend every decision to the people around you. Family members may have different opinions about treatment, food, medication and parenting. Some will understand your boundaries immediately, while others may need time and repeated reminders. You can be kind without agreeing with everyone. You can appreciate support without accepting unwanted advice. You can maintain family relationships while making it clear that your child's care is not open to constant debate. Most importantly, your child deserves to feel that the adults around them are working together to support their health and wellbeing. Setting boundaries is not about keeping people out. It is about making room for the kind of support your family actually needs. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Managing birthday parties and family gatherings during an IBD flare Practical tips for managing birthday parties and family gatherings when your child has an IBD flare, including toilet access, food, anxiety, fatigue and handling cancelled plans while helping your child feel included and supported. Read More What to say when people give unsolicited advice about IBD Learn how to respond to unsolicited advice about your child's IBD, from diet and medication suggestions to comments about stress. Discover practical ways to set boundaries, protect your peace and feel confident in your decisions. Read More When siblings feel left out because of IBD Learn why siblings may feel left out when a child has IBD and discover practical ways to support their emotions, strengthen family relationships and help every child feel loved, valued and included. Read More How a child's IBD affects the whole family A child’s IBD can affect the whole family, from parents’ mental health and sibling relationships to daily routines and social life. Learn how to support everyone while navigating life with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More

Family & Relationships Managing birthday parties and family gatherings during an IBD flare Practical tips for managing birthday parties and family gatherings when your child has an IBD flare, including toilet access, food, anxiety, fatigue and handling cancelled plans while helping your child feel included and supported. Birthday parties, family gatherings and special occasions are meant to be enjoyable, but when your child has inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), they can sometimes bring extra stress. During a flare of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, your child may experience abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fatigue, urgency or a reduced appetite. They might be worried about finding a toilet, eating in front of others or feeling unwell while everyone else is having fun. As a parent, you may find yourself weighing up whether to attend, how long to stay and what to do if your child suddenly needs to leave. You might also feel disappointed when plans have to change, particularly if your child has been looking forward to an event. There is no single right way to manage social occasions during a flare. Sometimes, attending for a short time is possible. Other times, staying home is the kindest option for your child. The goal is not to make every event go perfectly. It is to help your child feel comfortable, supported and included while recognising what their body needs. 💚 Why social occasions can be difficult during a flare IBD symptoms can be unpredictable. Your child might feel well enough to attend a party one day but struggle with pain, diarrhoea or fatigue the next. Even when symptoms seem manageable, the thought of being away from home can create anxiety. Your child might worry about: Needing the toilet urgently while playing a game or eating. Having an accident in front of their friends. Experiencing abdominal pain without somewhere quiet to rest. Feeling too tired to participate. Being asked questions about why they are not eating. Missing out on activities because they need frequent toilet breaks. Having to leave before everyone else. Being embarrassed if other children notice their symptoms. Parents may have their own concerns, including whether there will be accessible toilets, suitable food or somewhere for their child to rest. These worries are understandable. Social events can involve a lot of uncertainty, particularly when your child is already feeling unwell. 🎈 Should you attend or stay home? One of the hardest decisions is whether your child should attend an event at all. It can be tempting to encourage them to go because you do not want them to miss out. Equally, you may feel inclined to cancel plans whenever symptoms appear because you are worried about what could happen. Neither approach needs to be the default. Consider how your child is feeling on the day, how disruptive their symptoms are, how much energy they have and whether the event can be adapted to meet their needs. You might ask yourself: Is my child comfortable enough to enjoy at least part of the event? Can they access a toilet easily? Will there be somewhere quiet to rest? Can we leave whenever we need to? Does my child actually want to attend, or do they feel pressured? Would attending cause significant distress or exhaustion? If your child has severe or worsening symptoms, or you are concerned about their condition, contact their IBD team for advice rather than pushing ahead with social plans. Sometimes, a short visit is a good compromise. At other times, staying home, resting and trying again another day is the better choice. Let your child's wellbeing guide the decision, rather than the pressure to attend. 🚽 Plan for toilet access Toilet access can be one of the biggest concerns for children experiencing an IBD flare. Urgency and frequent diarrhoea can make it difficult for your child to relax, especially if they are worried about asking to use the toilet or having to walk a long way to reach one. Before attending an event, consider contacting the host to ask about the bathroom arrangements. You might want to know: Where the nearest toilet is located. Whether your child can use it whenever they need to. Whether the bathroom is easy to access. Whether there is a private place to change clothes if needed. Whether the venue has accessible toilets if your child requires them. For birthday parties at someone's home, a quick conversation with the host can make a difference. You could say, "My child has a medical condition that sometimes means they need the toilet urgently. Would it be okay for them to use the bathroom whenever they need to?" You do not need to share your child's diagnosis unless you feel comfortable doing so. If your child is old enough, let them know where the toilet is when you arrive. Knowing they can get there quickly may help them feel more confident. 🎒 Pack a small IBD emergency bag Having a few essentials available can help you feel more prepared if symptoms become difficult during an outing. You do not need to bring everything your child might possibly need. A small bag with familiar essentials is often enough. Depending on your child's symptoms and preferences, you might pack: Spare underwear and a change of clothes. Wet wipes or tissues. Hand sanitiser. A small bag for soiled clothing. Any prescribed medicines or supplies needed during the outing. Water and any suitable snacks. A spare pair of pants or shorts. Any personal care products your child normally uses. If your child experiences urgency or accidents, having spare clothes can provide reassurance even if they are never needed. For older children and teenagers, involve them in deciding what to pack. They may prefer a discreet bag that they can carry themselves. Keep medication in its original packaging where practical and follow the storage instructions and prescribed schedule. 🍰 Managing food at birthday parties Food can be another source of stress during social gatherings. Birthday parties may include pizza, cake, lollies, chips and other foods that your child is unsure about eating during a flare. They may also have individual dietary needs or foods that they know they tolerate better. There is no universal IBD diet, and foods that suit one child may not suit another. During a flare, your child's appetite and tolerance may also change. Rather than creating a long list of foods they cannot eat, focus on what usually works for your child and any advice provided by their dietitian or medical team. You could: Ask the host what food will be available. Bring a familiar snack or meal if needed. Offer your child food before the event if that suits their usual routine. Let them decide whether they feel like eating at the party. Avoid pressuring them to try foods they are uncomfortable with. Check with their healthcare team if you are unsure how to manage nutrition during a flare. If someone asks why your child is eating something different, a simple explanation is enough. You could say, "They have some dietary needs at the moment, so we've brought something they know works for them." Try to avoid making food the centre of the event. Your child should be able to focus on enjoying time with friends and family rather than feeling that everyone is watching what they eat. 😟 Help your child manage anxiety about attending Sometimes, the biggest barrier to attending a party is not the physical symptoms themselves but the fear of what might happen. Your child may worry about needing the toilet in front of friends, having an accident or having to explain why they feel unwell. These concerns can feel very real, even when you know the event is likely to go well. Instead of dismissing their worries, acknowledge them and work together to make a plan. You might say: "I understand why you're worried. Let's think about what would help you feel more comfortable." Talk through practical options, such as knowing where the toilet is, having spare clothes available or agreeing on a signal they can use if they need to leave. You can also remind them that they do not have to stay for the entire event. For some children, knowing they can leave whenever they need to is enough to make attending feel possible. For others, the anxiety may be too overwhelming, particularly during a difficult flare. It is okay to give them permission to sit this one out. If anxiety regularly prevents your child from participating in activities they enjoy, consider discussing it with their healthcare team or a psychologist experienced in supporting children with chronic illness. 👨👩👧 What to tell friends and family You may feel comfortable sharing details about your child's IBD with close relatives but prefer to keep things more private with acquaintances or other parents. You do not need to provide a detailed explanation every time plans change. A simple message can help others understand what is happening without requiring you to share more than you want to. If you need to cancel at the last minute: "Unfortunately, they're having a difficult IBD day, so we won't be able to make it. We're sorry to miss it and hope everyone has a lovely time." If you are attending but may leave early: "We'd love to come along, but we're taking things as they come today. We may need to head home early if symptoms become difficult." If someone asks why your child is not joining in: "They're having a flare at the moment, so they may need to take things a little more slowly." If someone asks intrusive questions: "Thanks for checking in. We're managing things with their medical team, but we'd prefer not to go into the details today." You can decide how much to explain based on the person and the situation. 🫂 When your child feels embarrassed about their symptoms Children and teenagers may feel particularly vulnerable about symptoms that affect their privacy. They might worry about being noticed going to the toilet repeatedly, missing an activity or needing to change their clothes. Some children want their parents to explain everything to others. Others prefer to keep their condition private. Ask your child what they are comfortable sharing before you speak to other people on their behalf, wherever practical. You can help by: Avoiding discussions about their bowel symptoms in front of others without their permission. Keeping spare clothes and personal supplies discreetly packed. Reassuring them that needing the toilet is nothing to be ashamed of. Letting them decide how much they want friends to know. Avoiding jokes or comments about symptoms, even when intended to lighten the mood. If an accident happens, stay calm and help your child manage the situation privately. They need reassurance and practical support, not embarrassment or blame. Remind them that IBD is a medical condition, and symptoms are not their fault. 🎂 When your child misses a birthday party Missing a birthday party can be especially disappointing when your child has been looking forward to seeing friends. You may feel sad watching them miss out, particularly if they have already missed school, sports or other activities because of IBD. It is okay to acknowledge that disappointment without trying to make it disappear immediately. You might say, "I know you really wanted to go, and it's disappointing that you're feeling too unwell today." Avoid suggesting that they should simply be grateful for the things they can do. Their disappointment deserves space, even when staying home is the right decision. If your child wants to, you could ask the birthday child's family whether there is another way to celebrate, such as arranging a short visit another day or sending a message. However, let your child guide this. They may want an alternative celebration, or they may simply need time to rest and feel disappointed. Missing one event does not mean they will miss every future opportunity. When they are feeling better, there will be other chances to connect with friends. 🌿 Making family gatherings easier Family gatherings can bring their own challenges, especially when relatives do not fully understand IBD. You may encounter questions about food, comments about your child's appearance or suggestions that they should participate more despite feeling unwell. It can help to speak to the host beforehand if you expect the gathering to be difficult. Consider asking for: A place where your child can rest quietly. Easy access to the bathroom. Flexibility around meal times. Understanding if your child needs to leave early. Space for your child to take a break from socialising. If relatives tend to offer unsolicited advice, prepare a few simple responses in advance. For example, "We're following advice from their gastroenterology team, and today we're focusing on helping them feel comfortable." You can also give yourself permission to keep visits short. A brief, positive gathering may be more enjoyable than staying for several hours when your child is struggling. Remember that you are not responsible for making everyone else happy with your family's decisions. 💤 Recognise when your child needs to rest Fatigue can be a significant symptom of IBD, particularly during a flare. Your child may want to attend a party but find that the noise, activity and social interaction quickly become exhausting. They may appear fine initially and then suddenly become tired, irritable or uncomfortable. Try to notice your child's cues rather than waiting until they are completely exhausted. You could: Arrive later or leave earlier. Build in quiet breaks. Choose less demanding activities. Avoid packing too many events into one day. Let your child rest without making them feel they are missing out unnecessarily. If your child needs to leave early, explain that it is because their body needs rest, not because they have done anything wrong. Balancing activity and rest can help children participate when they feel able without placing unrealistic expectations on themselves. 🚗 Have an exit plan One of the most reassuring things you can do is agree on a plan for leaving if symptoms become difficult. Your child may feel more comfortable attending if they know they will not be expected to stay when they feel unwell. Before you leave home, discuss: How your child can tell you they need to go. Whether you will leave immediately or take a short break first. How you will get home. What you will do if they feel unwell while you are travelling. Whether another adult needs to know that you might leave early. If possible, arrange your own transport so you are not dependent on someone else to leave. For older children and teenagers, a discreet text message or agreed signal can help them ask to leave without drawing attention. Try not to make leaving early feel like a failure. It is simply a way of responding to your child's needs. ❤️ Looking after yourself as a parent Managing social occasions during a flare can be emotionally draining. You may be monitoring symptoms, worrying about accidents, responding to questions and trying to keep everyone else comfortable. You might also feel disappointed when plans you have organised fall apart at the last minute. Give yourself permission to feel those emotions. You can be understanding towards your child and still feel sad about what the family is missing. Where possible, share responsibilities with another trusted adult. You do not have to be the only person managing every outing, cancellation or difficult conversation. It can also help to lower your expectations during a flare. You do not need to make every event memorable or find a replacement activity for every missed occasion. Sometimes, helping your child feel safe and comfortable at home is enough. 🌷 Remember, it's okay to do things differently When your child has IBD, birthday parties and family gatherings may require more planning and flexibility than they once did. Some days, your child may feel well enough to attend and enjoy themselves. Other days, symptoms or fatigue may mean staying home is the better choice. Neither outcome means you have failed to manage the situation. Your child does not need to attend every event to have a happy childhood, and they do not need to push through significant symptoms to avoid disappointing other people. Focus on what is possible, make adjustments when you can and give your child permission to listen to their body. The aim is not to make every social occasion go to plan. It is to help your child feel included, understood and supported, whether they stay for the whole party, leave early or need to rest at home. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like What to say when people give unsolicited advice about IBD Learn how to respond to unsolicited advice about your child's IBD, from diet and medication suggestions to comments about stress. Discover practical ways to set boundaries, protect your peace and feel confident in your decisions. Read More When siblings feel left out because of IBD Learn why siblings may feel left out when a child has IBD and discover practical ways to support their emotions, strengthen family relationships and help every child feel loved, valued and included. Read More How a child's IBD affects the whole family A child’s IBD can affect the whole family, from parents’ mental health and sibling relationships to daily routines and social life. Learn how to support everyone while navigating life with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Relaxation techniques for children with anxiety Discover practical relaxation techniques to help children manage anxiety, including gentle breathing, grounding exercises, guided imagery and calming activities, with tips for parents supporting children with IBD. Read More

Family & Relationships What to say when people give unsolicited advice about IBD Learn how to respond to unsolicited advice about your child's IBD, from diet and medication suggestions to comments about stress. Discover practical ways to set boundaries, protect your peace and feel confident in your decisions. When your child has inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), you may find that people have a lot to say about it. Friends, relatives, other parents and even strangers might offer advice about food, medication, stress or alternative treatments, even when you have not asked for their opinion. They may suggest cutting out certain foods, trying a supplement, reducing stress or looking into a treatment they read about online. Sometimes, they genuinely want to help. Other times, their comments can feel intrusive, frustrating or upsetting, particularly when you are already doing everything you can to support your child. Living with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis involves making decisions alongside your child's healthcare team. You do not have to explain every decision, defend your child's treatment or follow every suggestion someone offers. Knowing what to say when people give unsolicited advice can help you set boundaries, protect your family's privacy and feel more confident in conversations about your child's IBD. 💬 Why people give unsolicited advice People offer advice for different reasons. Some feel uncomfortable when they see a child struggling and want to find a solution. Others may have heard a story about someone who improved after changing their diet or trying a particular supplement. Some people also misunderstand IBD and assume it can be managed through simple lifestyle changes. You might hear comments such as: "Have you tried cutting out gluten?" "I read that a certain diet can cure gut problems." "You should try this probiotic." "Maybe it's because your child is stressed." "Have you looked into natural treatments?" "I know someone who had the same thing, and they fixed it by changing their diet." "Are you sure they really need all that medication?" Even when these comments come from a place of concern, they can leave parents feeling judged or misunderstood. IBD is a complex, chronic condition. There is no single diet, supplement or lifestyle change that cures Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, and treatments that work for one person may not be suitable for another. You are allowed to appreciate someone's concern without accepting their advice. 🫶 How unsolicited advice can make parents feel When you are caring for a child with IBD, you may already be managing medical appointments, medications, school concerns, symptoms and worries about the future. Unsolicited advice can add another layer of emotional pressure. You might feel: Frustrated: because someone assumes they understand your child's condition after reading one article. Judged: as though they think you are not doing enough. Overwhelmed: because you are constantly being given new things to research or consider. Guilty: wondering whether you should have tried something different. Protective: wanting to defend your child and the decisions you have made. Exhausted: because you do not have the energy to explain IBD repeatedly. You might even find yourself questioning decisions you previously felt confident about. If this happens, remind yourself that you do not need to investigate every suggestion someone makes. Your child's treatment decisions should be guided by their healthcare team and the evidence relevant to their individual circumstances. Someone else's opinion does not automatically mean you have missed something. 🌿 What to say when people suggest dietary changes Food is one of the most common topics people bring up when they hear that a child has IBD. You might be told to remove dairy, gluten, sugar or processed foods, or encouraged to try a particular diet that someone believes will improve inflammation. These suggestions can be especially difficult when your child already has dietary restrictions, struggles with appetite or needs support with growth and nutrition. Although nutrition can play an important role in managing IBD, dietary needs vary. Some dietary approaches are used in specific clinical circumstances, but restrictive diets are not suitable for every child. Removing foods without appropriate guidance can also make it harder for children to meet their nutritional needs. Here are some responses you can use: If someone tells you to cut out a food group: "We're working with our healthcare team to make sure their diet meets their needs." If someone recommends a special diet: "Thanks for the suggestion. We'll discuss any dietary changes with their dietitian first." If someone insists that a particular food is causing the IBD: "IBD is a complex condition, and we can't assume that one food is responsible. We're following advice specific to our child." If someone keeps sending you diet plans: "I appreciate that you're trying to help, but we aren't looking for additional diet recommendations at the moment." You do not have to debate every food-related suggestion. A short response is often enough. 💊 What to say when people question medication Medication can be another source of unsolicited advice, particularly when people are uncomfortable with the idea of a child taking long-term treatment. You might hear suggestions to reduce medication, stop it when symptoms improve or replace it with supplements or natural remedies. These comments can be worrying because they may create doubt about treatment decisions that have been made with your child's gastroenterology team. IBD treatment aims to control inflammation, manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. A child may still need medication even when they appear well. Never stop or change prescribed IBD medication based on someone else's advice. Discuss concerns about side effects, treatment choices or alternative options with your child's healthcare team. You could respond with: If someone questions why your child takes medication: "Their medication has been prescribed by their specialist, and we're following their treatment plan." If someone suggests stopping medication: "We won't change their medication without speaking to their gastroenterologist." If someone recommends a supplement instead: "We check with their healthcare team before adding anything to their treatment." If someone tells you medication is harmful: "Like all treatments, medication has potential risks and benefits. We're making decisions with their specialist based on their individual needs." You are not required to share details about your child's medication or justify why it has been prescribed. 🧠 What to say when people blame stress Some people assume that stress causes IBD or that reducing stress will make the disease go away. Stress can affect wellbeing and may worsen symptoms for some people, but Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are complex inflammatory conditions. They are not simply caused by anxiety, worry or a child's emotional state. Comments about stress can be particularly upsetting when your child has experienced anxiety around school, friendships or medical appointments. Parents may feel that they are being blamed for their child's illness or that their child is somehow responsible for becoming unwell. If someone suggests your child needs to relax more, you could say: If someone blames stress for a flare: "Stress can affect how someone feels, but IBD is a medical condition involving inflammation. We're working with their healthcare team to manage it." If someone says your child worries too much: "We support their emotional wellbeing, but we also recognise that their IBD needs medical care." If someone suggests you are making your child anxious: "We're doing our best to support them through a difficult condition, and we don't find blame helpful." You can acknowledge the importance of emotional wellbeing without accepting the idea that your child's illness is their fault. 🌱 What to say when people recommend alternative treatments You may encounter people who recommend herbal remedies, supplements, specialised diets or alternative therapies they believe will treat IBD. They may share personal stories about someone whose symptoms improved after trying a particular approach. While personal experiences can be meaningful, they do not establish that a treatment is effective or safe for another child. Some supplements and herbal products can interact with medication, cause side effects or be unsuitable for children. Before introducing a new supplement, remedy or treatment, discuss it with your child's healthcare team. You could say: If someone recommends a supplement: "Thanks for thinking of us. We'll check with their healthcare team before introducing anything new." If someone insists that a natural remedy works: "I'm glad you've found something that helped you, but we need to make decisions based on what's appropriate for our child." If someone claims an alternative treatment can cure IBD: "There isn't a proven universal cure for IBD, so we're focusing on treatments recommended by their specialist." If someone keeps sending you links and recommendations: "I know you're trying to help, but researching new treatments can be overwhelming. We'll look into options with their medical team if needed." You can be open to discussing treatment options with healthcare professionals without feeling obliged to try everything someone recommends. 🛑 How to set boundaries without feeling rude One of the hardest parts of dealing with unsolicited advice is knowing how to end the conversation without upsetting someone. You may worry about seeming ungrateful, particularly when advice comes from close family members or friends who genuinely care about your child. However, setting a boundary is not the same as being rude. You can acknowledge someone's intentions while making it clear that you do not want further advice. Try phrases such as: "Thanks for caring about us. We've got a plan in place with our healthcare team." "I appreciate your concern, but we're comfortable with the decisions we're making." "We've had a lot of advice lately, so we'd prefer not to discuss treatment options." "We'll keep that in mind, but we're following guidance from our specialist." "I know you mean well, but we'd rather not receive recommendations about their IBD." "That's something we'll discuss with their doctor if we need to." You do not need to provide a lengthy explanation. The more you try to justify your decisions, the more opportunities someone may see to challenge them. A calm, consistent response can help establish what you are comfortable discussing. 🔁 What to say when someone won't stop giving advice Sometimes, a polite response does not end the conversation. A person may continue insisting that you should try their recommendation or suggest that you are not being open-minded. If this happens repeatedly, you may need to be more direct. You could say: "I understand that you have a different opinion, but we've made our decision with our child's healthcare team. We're not going to debate it." Or: "We've talked about this before, and I'd like you to respect our decision not to discuss treatment recommendations." If the person continues, you can change the subject, end the conversation or take some distance from discussions that leave you feeling upset. You cannot control whether someone offers advice, but you can decide how much time and energy you give the conversation. 👨👩👧 What to say when advice is directed at your child Unsolicited advice can be particularly uncomfortable when someone speaks directly to your child about their food, symptoms or treatment. For example, someone might tell your child they should avoid certain foods, ask intrusive questions about their bowel movements or suggest that they need to try a particular remedy. Children with IBD already manage a lot. They should not feel responsible for defending their medical care or explaining their condition to other people. You can step in gently but firmly. Try saying: "We have their medical care covered, thanks." "Let's leave food and treatment decisions to their healthcare team." "They don't need to discuss their medical details if they don't want to." "We don't want them to feel worried about food, so we'll follow advice from their dietitian." It can also help to talk to your child privately afterwards. Reassure them that they have not done anything wrong and that they do not need to follow suggestions from other people. Encourage them to tell you if a conversation makes them uncomfortable. As they get older, you can help them practise simple responses, such as "Thanks, but my doctor helps me manage my IBD." This can build confidence and help them protect their privacy as they become more independent. ❤️ When unsolicited advice comes from family Advice from close relatives can be especially challenging because you may see these people regularly and want to maintain a positive relationship. Grandparents, aunts, uncles and other relatives may feel protective of your child and want to help. They might also struggle to understand why a treatment they have read about is not being used. If you are comfortable doing so, explain how they can support your family more effectively. For example: "We know you care about them, and we appreciate that. What helps us most is knowing you're there for us, rather than feeling that we need to consider another treatment or diet." You can also offer practical alternatives: Ask them to help with meals, school pickups or appointments. Invite them to spend time with your child doing an activity they enjoy. Let them know when you need someone to listen rather than offer solutions. Share reliable information about IBD if they genuinely want to understand the condition. If a relative repeatedly ignores your boundaries, it is reasonable to limit conversations about your child's medical care. Protecting your family's wellbeing does not mean you do not value the relationship. 💚 You don't have to explain everything One of the most important things to remember is that your child's medical information is private. You can decide what you share, who you share it with and when you want to talk about it. You do not owe anyone details about your child's symptoms, test results, medication or treatment decisions. You also do not need to prove that you are doing everything possible to help them. Some people will understand your boundaries immediately. Others may need reminding, and a few may never agree with your decisions. That does not mean you need to keep explaining yourself. You are allowed to say, "We're managing it with their healthcare team," and leave it there. 🌈 Remember, you're doing your best When your child has IBD, you already have enough to think about without feeling responsible for managing everyone else's opinions. It is natural to appreciate advice that genuinely helps, but you are also allowed to decline suggestions that leave you feeling overwhelmed, judged or uncertain. You do not need to try every diet, supplement or treatment someone mentions. You do not need to defend your child's medication or explain every medical decision. Your role is to support your child, ask questions when you need answers and work with their healthcare team to make informed decisions. You can appreciate someone's concern without accepting their advice. Setting boundaries can help you protect your energy, support your child with confidence and focus on what matters most to your family. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Managing birthday parties and family gatherings during an IBD flare Practical tips for managing birthday parties and family gatherings when your child has an IBD flare, including toilet access, food, anxiety, fatigue and handling cancelled plans while helping your child feel included and supported. Read More When siblings feel left out because of IBD Learn why siblings may feel left out when a child has IBD and discover practical ways to support their emotions, strengthen family relationships and help every child feel loved, valued and included. Read More How a child's IBD affects the whole family A child’s IBD can affect the whole family, from parents’ mental health and sibling relationships to daily routines and social life. Learn how to support everyone while navigating life with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Relaxation techniques for children with anxiety Discover practical relaxation techniques to help children manage anxiety, including gentle breathing, grounding exercises, guided imagery and calming activities, with tips for parents supporting children with IBD. Read More

Family & Relationships When siblings feel left out because of IBD Learn why siblings may feel left out when a child has IBD and discover practical ways to support their emotions, strengthen family relationships and help every child feel loved, valued and included. When a child is diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), much of the family's attention naturally shifts towards their health and wellbeing. There may be more medical appointments, hospital visits, difficult days and changes to everyday routines. While parents are doing their best to care for everyone, siblings can sometimes feel left out or overlooked. Siblings may understand that their brother or sister is unwell, but that does not mean they always understand why family life has changed so much. They might feel frustrated when plans are cancelled, disappointed when a parent cannot attend an activity or lonely when conversations seem to revolve around IBD. These feelings can be difficult for parents to recognise, especially when they are already managing so much. However, helping siblings feel seen, valued and supported is an important part of caring for the whole family. 🫂 Why siblings may feel left out IBD can create additional demands on a family's time, energy and emotional resources. During a flare, a child may need more help with symptoms, medication, appointments or hospital care. Parents may have less time and energy available for their other children, even when they are trying hard to keep things balanced. Siblings may notice that their brother or sister receives more attention, has different rules or is allowed to miss certain responsibilities because of their illness. They may experience situations such as: A parent missing their sports game because their sibling is unwell. Family outings being cancelled at the last minute. Conversations at home frequently focusing on symptoms, medication or appointments. Having to wait while their sibling receives care or attention. Being expected to understand, share or give up things because their sibling has IBD. Feeling that their own problems are less important by comparison. Sometimes, the issue is not one major event but lots of small disappointments that build up over time. A sibling may know that their brother or sister cannot help being unwell and still feel upset about how it affects their own life. Both feelings can exist together. 🥺 Signs a sibling may be feeling overlooked Not every child will tell their parents directly that they feel left out. Some may not fully understand their emotions, while others may worry that expressing their feelings will make their parents more stressed. Instead, their feelings may appear through changes in behaviour. You might notice that your child: Becomes more irritable, argumentative or emotional. Seeks extra attention or interrupts conversations about IBD. Withdraws from family activities or spends more time alone. Complains that things are unfair. Becomes unusually quiet or tries not to cause trouble. Seems less interested in sharing their own experiences. Worries about their sibling but also expresses frustration with them. Develops physical complaints, such as stomach aches, particularly during stressful periods. Some children respond in the opposite way. They may become very independent, appear unusually mature or avoid asking for help because they do not want to add to their parents' responsibilities. These signs do not automatically mean a child feels neglected. However, they can be an opportunity to check in and ask how they are feeling. 💭 Why siblings may hide their feelings Some siblings feel guilty about being upset because they know their brother or sister is dealing with a chronic illness. They may think that their own problems are not important enough to mention, particularly when their sibling is experiencing pain, fatigue or a difficult flare. Others may worry that admitting they feel jealous or frustrated will make them seem unkind. A child might think: "Mum and Dad have enough to worry about." "I shouldn't complain because my brother is the one who's sick." "If I ask for attention, I'll make things harder." "Why does everyone always talk about IBD?" "I wish things could go back to how they were." Children do not always have the words to explain these thoughts. They may simply feel sad, angry or disconnected without understanding why. Reassuring siblings that they are allowed to have difficult feelings can help them feel safer talking about their experiences. ❤️ How to make each child feel important You cannot always divide your time equally, especially when one child has medical needs that cannot wait. However, you can look for ways to help each child feel that they matter. The aim is not to make everything perfectly equal. It is to make sure each child feels loved, valued and included. Make individual time a priority Try to spend some time with each child individually, even if it is only 10 or 15 minutes. Let them choose an activity, such as playing a game, going for a walk, reading together or chatting before bed. Regular, predictable time together can be more reassuring than occasional big outings. Show interest in their world Ask about their friends, school, hobbies and worries. Remember important events and follow up afterwards. When a child shares something with you, try to give them your attention rather than immediately returning to discussions about their sibling's health. Keep their activities important Where possible, try to attend their sports games, performances, birthdays and other special occasions. If you cannot attend because of an unexpected flare or appointment, acknowledge their disappointment and look for another way to celebrate or show your support. Avoid making them feel responsible for your stress Siblings may already be aware that their parents are tired or worried. Reassure them that they do not need to be extra good, independent or helpful to make family life easier. Notice their achievements Celebrate their efforts, milestones and successes. They should not have to achieve something extraordinary to receive attention or praise. Small, consistent gestures can help siblings understand that their lives and experiences remain important. 💬 Talk openly about their feelings One of the most helpful things parents can do is create opportunities for siblings to talk honestly about how IBD affects them. You do not need to wait until there is a problem. A quiet conversation during a walk, at bedtime or while doing an activity together can make it easier for a child to open up. You might ask: "How have things been feeling at home lately?" "Do you ever feel like I spend more time helping your brother or sister?" "Is there anything you miss doing together as a family?" "Have there been times when you've felt left out?" "What could I do to help you feel more included?" Listen without immediately explaining why something happened or trying to fix the situation. If your child says they feel ignored, resist the urge to respond with how much you have been juggling. Your responsibilities may be real, but their feelings are real, too. You can acknowledge both by saying that you understand why they feel disappointed and that you will try to find ways to spend more time together. Most importantly, let them know that they can be honest without hurting your feelings. 🩺 Explain IBD without making it the centre of everything Understanding IBD can help siblings make sense of why their brother or sister sometimes needs extra care. Explain that Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic conditions that can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhoea and fatigue. Symptoms can change over time, and a child may need more support during a flare than when they are feeling well. You can also explain that IBD is not contagious and that their sibling has not done anything to cause it. Keep explanations appropriate for their age and allow them to ask questions. Some children may want to understand the medical details, while others may simply want to know why a family plan has changed. However, avoid making siblings feel that they must always understand, accept or accommodate everything because of IBD. They can understand why their sibling needs extra care and still feel disappointed when something important to them is affected. Both experiences deserve recognition. 🤝 Avoid expecting siblings to always be understanding It can be tempting to rely on a sibling who seems mature, independent or particularly understanding. They may willingly help with small tasks or accept changes without complaining. However, being understanding should not become an expectation that prevents them from expressing their own needs. Siblings should not regularly have to miss out on activities, take on adult responsibilities or suppress their feelings because their brother or sister is unwell. It is reasonable to encourage kindness and cooperation, but the responsibility for managing IBD belongs to the adults and healthcare team, not to a child's sibling. If your child helps out, acknowledge their contribution and make sure they still have time for their own interests, friendships and responsibilities. They should be able to enjoy being a child rather than feeling that they must always be the easy one. 📅 When family plans have to change One of the difficult realities of IBD is that symptoms can be unpredictable. A child may feel well in the morning and become unwell later in the day. Hospital appointments may run longer than expected, and flares can disrupt plans with little warning. For siblings, repeated cancellations can be disappointing, particularly when they have been looking forward to something special. You may not always be able to prevent these situations, but how you respond can make a difference. Try to: Acknowledge the disappointment rather than expecting them to accept it immediately. Explain what has happened in a way they can understand. Avoid promising that plans will definitely go ahead when you are unsure. Look for alternatives when possible, such as another trusted adult attending their activity. Arrange a replacement activity when it is practical, without making it feel like a reward for being patient. Keep some family traditions that can continue even during difficult periods. If one parent or another trusted adult is available, consider whether they can take the sibling to their planned activity while the other parent supports the child with IBD. Not every situation will allow this, but having a backup plan for important events can reduce the impact of unexpected changes. 🌟 Help siblings maintain their own identity When a family is managing a chronic illness, it can be easy for IBD to become a major part of family life. Appointments, symptoms, medication and treatment decisions may dominate conversations and planning. Siblings need opportunities to develop their own interests, friendships and sense of identity outside their brother or sister's condition. Encourage them to pursue hobbies, spend time with friends and participate in activities they enjoy. Take an interest in their goals and experiences without comparing them to their sibling. If one child needs more support academically or emotionally because of IBD, remember that siblings may also need help with their own challenges. Their problems do not have to be as serious as a chronic illness to deserve attention. Making room for each child's individual needs helps reinforce that every member of the family matters. 😔 What if a sibling becomes resentful? Some siblings may express their feelings through anger, unkind comments or frustration towards the child with IBD. This can be difficult for parents, particularly when they know how much their unwell child is already dealing with. It is important to distinguish between allowing feelings and accepting hurtful behaviour. You can acknowledge that your child feels frustrated while making it clear that teasing, blaming or deliberately upsetting their sibling is not acceptable. For example, you might say that it is okay to feel angry about a cancelled outing, but it is not okay to blame their brother or sister for being ill. Help them find other ways to express their feelings, such as talking to you privately, writing things down or taking some time away from a difficult situation. Try not to label a child as selfish or unkind for struggling with the changes IBD has brought to family life. Their behaviour may be communicating a need for attention, reassurance or support. If resentment becomes persistent or affects the children's relationship significantly, a family counsellor or psychologist may help everyone communicate more effectively. 🫶 When to seek extra support It is normal for siblings to experience occasional jealousy, frustration or sadness when a family member has a chronic illness. These feelings do not necessarily mean they need professional help. However, additional support may be useful if you notice ongoing changes in their mood, behaviour or daily life. Consider seeking advice if your child: Seems persistently sad, anxious or withdrawn. Has ongoing difficulties with sleep or school. Frequently complains of physical symptoms that may be associated with stress. Becomes increasingly angry or hostile towards their sibling. Stops enjoying activities they previously liked. Expresses strong feelings of loneliness or worthlessness. Seems overwhelmed by worries about their sibling's health. A GP, school counsellor, psychologist or family therapist can help assess what is happening and suggest appropriate support. Support may also be available through local IBD organisations, which can help families connect with information and other people who understand the challenges of childhood IBD. Seeking help early can make it easier for siblings to understand their feelings and feel more secure within the family. 💚 Remember, every child in your family matters When a child has IBD, it is natural for their medical needs to require extra time and attention. There will be days when managing symptoms and appointments takes priority, and maintaining balance feels almost impossible. That does not mean you are failing your other children. What matters is continuing to recognise their needs, making time for connection where possible and reassuring them that they have an important place in the family. Siblings do not need parents to divide every minute equally. They need to know that they are loved, that their feelings matter and that they do not have to hide their own struggles to protect everyone else. You can care deeply for the child with IBD while also making space for the needs of their brothers and sisters. IBD affects the whole family, but every child deserves to feel seen, valued and loved for who they are, not just for how well they cope with it. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Managing birthday parties and family gatherings during an IBD flare Practical tips for managing birthday parties and family gatherings when your child has an IBD flare, including toilet access, food, anxiety, fatigue and handling cancelled plans while helping your child feel included and supported. Read More What to say when people give unsolicited advice about IBD Learn how to respond to unsolicited advice about your child's IBD, from diet and medication suggestions to comments about stress. Discover practical ways to set boundaries, protect your peace and feel confident in your decisions. Read More How a child's IBD affects the whole family A child’s IBD can affect the whole family, from parents’ mental health and sibling relationships to daily routines and social life. Learn how to support everyone while navigating life with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Relaxation techniques for children with anxiety Discover practical relaxation techniques to help children manage anxiety, including gentle breathing, grounding exercises, guided imagery and calming activities, with tips for parents supporting children with IBD. Read More

Family & Relationships How a child's IBD affects the whole family A child’s IBD can affect the whole family, from parents’ mental health and sibling relationships to daily routines and social life. Learn how to support everyone while navigating life with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. When a child is diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), it affects much more than their digestive system. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can change family routines, relationships, school life, holidays and even how parents feel about the future. IBD is a condition that the whole family learns to live with, even though only one person has the diagnosis. Parents may find themselves balancing medical appointments, medications, work and the emotional needs of their child and other family members. Every family experiences IBD differently. Some days may feel manageable, while others can be exhausting and unpredictable. Understanding how IBD affects the whole family can help you recognise these challenges, support each other and find ways to make life feel a little more balanced. 💚 The emotional impact on parents A child's IBD diagnosis can bring a mixture of emotions, including fear, sadness, frustration, guilt and uncertainty. Parents may worry about their child's health, whether they will experience another flare, or how the condition might affect their future. It can be particularly difficult to watch your child experience pain, fatigue or other symptoms when you cannot make them feel better immediately. Parents may also experience: Constant worry: wondering whether symptoms are getting worse or whether another flare is developing. Feeling helpless: wanting to take away your child's pain but being unable to do so. Guilt: questioning whether you missed early symptoms or could have done something differently. Anxiety about the future: worrying about growth, puberty, friendships, school and independence. Emotional exhaustion: feeling as though you always need to be alert and prepared for the unexpected. These feelings are understandable. You do not have to remain positive all the time or pretend that everything is fine. It is possible to feel grateful for the good days while still finding the difficult days overwhelming. Both feelings can exist together. 🏠 How IBD changes everyday family life IBD can make everyday routines more complicated. Things that once happened without much planning, such as going shopping, attending a birthday party or taking a weekend trip, may now require additional preparation. Families may need to think about toilet access, food options, medication schedules, fatigue and whether their child is feeling well enough to participate. Daily life might involve: Planning outings around toilet access. Managing early mornings after a night of disrupted sleep. Attending medical appointments and collecting prescriptions. Adjusting work schedules when a child is unwell. Cancelling plans during a flare. Keeping track of symptoms, medications and changes in health. Preparing for unexpected hospital visits or school absences. Over time, these extra responsibilities can become tiring. Parents may feel that their lives revolve around IBD, particularly during periods when their child is unwell. Where possible, try to maintain some familiar family routines. Regular meals, bedtime rituals, shared activities and simple traditions can provide comfort and a sense of normality, even when other parts of life feel unpredictable. 👨👩👧 How siblings can be affected When one child has IBD, siblings can experience a range of emotions. They may worry about their brother or sister, feel confused about the condition or become frustrated when family plans change. Sometimes, siblings may feel that the child with IBD receives more attention because of their medical needs. They might feel guilty about being healthy, embarrassed about symptoms or worried about what could happen. Younger children may not fully understand why their sibling needs medication, hospital visits or extra care. Older children may understand more but still struggle with the emotional impact. You might notice that a sibling: Becomes quieter or more withdrawn. Acts out or seeks additional attention. Worries about their brother or sister. Becomes unusually independent and tries not to cause problems. Feels disappointed when plans are cancelled. Avoids talking about their own worries. These reactions do not necessarily mean something is seriously wrong. They can be ways of expressing feelings that are difficult to explain. How parents can help siblings: Explain IBD in an age-appropriate way, including that it is not contagious. Reassure them that they did not cause the illness. Make time for individual attention, even if it is only a short activity together. Let them express frustration or sadness without feeling guilty. Explain changes to family plans honestly. Encourage them to ask questions and share their worries. Siblings do not need to be involved in every aspect of managing IBD. They also need opportunities to enjoy their own childhood without feeling responsible for their brother or sister. ❤️ The impact on relationships between parents Caring for a child with a chronic illness can put pressure on a relationship. Parents may respond to stress differently, disagree about treatment decisions or struggle to find time for each other. One parent may take on more of the medical responsibilities, while the other manages work, household tasks or the needs of other children. Sometimes, these roles develop simply because someone has to do what is necessary, rather than because either parent has chosen them. Over time, this imbalance can lead to resentment, misunderstandings or feelings of isolation. Parents may also have different levels of anxiety about symptoms and flares. One might feel the need to seek medical advice immediately, while the other may prefer to wait and see how things develop. Neither response automatically means that one parent cares more than the other. People cope with uncertainty in different ways. Ways to protect your relationship include: Talking openly about how each of you is feeling. Sharing medical and household responsibilities where possible. Agreeing on how to respond to symptoms and when to contact the medical team. Making time for conversations that are not about IBD. Recognising each other's efforts, even when you approach things differently. Asking for help before stress builds into resentment. You do not need to handle every challenge perfectly. Working together as a team can make the practical and emotional demands of IBD easier to manage. 🧠 The mental health of the whole family Living with uncertainty can affect the mental wellbeing of parents, siblings and the child with IBD. Parents may become hyperaware of symptoms, constantly checking whether their child is eating, going to the toilet or showing signs of a flare. Even during remission, the possibility of another flare can make it difficult to relax. Children may experience anxiety about pain, accidents, medical procedures, school or being different from their friends. Siblings may worry about their brother or sister, while parents may feel pressure to stay strong for everyone. The family can gradually fall into a pattern where IBD becomes the main focus of daily life. It is important to recognise when stress is becoming difficult to manage. Signs may include persistent worry, irritability, disrupted sleep, withdrawal from social activities or feeling overwhelmed by everyday responsibilities. Support from a psychologist, counsellor or other mental health professional can help family members develop coping strategies. Some children benefit from psychological support specifically tailored to living with a chronic illness. Seeking help does not mean your family is failing to cope. It means you are recognising that everyone deserves support. 🎒 The effect on school, work and social life IBD can affect the entire family's ability to maintain normal commitments. Children may miss school because of symptoms, appointments or hospital admissions. Parents may need to take time off work, rearrange meetings or remain available if their child becomes unwell during the school day. Siblings may miss activities when family plans change, and parents may find it harder to attend social events or make arrangements with friends. This can lead to feelings of isolation, particularly when other families seem to move through life without the same concerns. It can help to explain your family's situation to trusted people, including teachers, employers or close friends, when you feel comfortable doing so. For school-aged children, working with the school to develop a support plan can reduce some of the pressure. Arrangements for toilet access, missed work, fatigue and medical appointments may help your child participate more comfortably. It is also important to maintain social connections where possible. You do not need to explain every detail of your child's condition to everyone, but having a few people who understand your circumstances can make a real difference. 😔 Dealing with guilt and feeling like you are not doing enough Many parents of children with IBD experience guilt. You might feel guilty when your child is unwell, when you become frustrated or when you need time away from caregiving. You may worry that you are not doing enough to help, or that you should be able to manage everything without becoming overwhelmed. Parents can also feel guilty about the impact on siblings, their relationship or their ability to work. These feelings can become especially difficult during a flare, when sleep is disrupted and everyone is under pressure. It is important to remember that you did not cause your child's IBD, and you cannot control every aspect of the condition . You can support your child, follow their treatment plan and work with their healthcare team, but you cannot guarantee that they will never experience another flare. Being a good parent does not mean being endlessly patient, available or positive. It means showing up, doing your best and recognising when you need support, too. When guilt appears, try asking yourself whether you are holding yourself to a standard that would be impossible for another parent in the same situation. You deserve compassion, just as your child does. 🌿 Making space for yourself as a parent When your child has a chronic illness, it can be easy to put your own needs last. Medical appointments, medications, school communication and daily care can take up so much time that there seems to be very little left for you. However, looking after your own wellbeing is not selfish. It can help you cope with the demands of caregiving and remain emotionally available for your family. Self-care does not need to involve expensive treatments, long breaks or elaborate routines. It might mean: Taking a short walk when another trusted adult can care for your child. Speaking to a friend who understands what you are going through. Asking a family member to help with meals or school pickups. Making time for a hobby you enjoy. Protecting opportunities for sleep and rest where possible. Speaking to a counsellor or psychologist. Accepting practical help rather than feeling you must do everything yourself. Some periods will allow more time for yourself than others. During a difficult flare, your own needs may temporarily take a back seat. The goal is not perfect balance every day, but finding ways to make your own wellbeing part of family life over time. 🤝 Finding support for your family You do not have to navigate childhood IBD alone. Support can come from healthcare professionals, other families living with IBD, community organisations and people you trust. Your child's gastroenterology team may be able to connect you with a social worker, psychologist, dietitian or other professionals who understand the challenges of chronic illness. Parent support groups can also provide a valuable space to share experiences with people who understand the practical realities of caring for a child with IBD. Depending on where you live, organisations such as Crohn's & Colitis Foundation in the USA, Crohn's & Colitis UK, and Crohn's & Colitis Australia offer information and support for people affected by IBD. When seeking support, consider what would help your family most right now. You might need emotional support, practical assistance, help navigating school or simply the reassurance that you are not the only family experiencing these challenges. Different family members may need different kinds of support, and those needs can change over time. 🌈 Helping your family find a new normal A diagnosis of IBD can change family life, but it does not have to define every part of it. There may be periods when the condition requires considerable attention, particularly during a flare or while treatment is being adjusted. At other times, your child may feel well and the family may have more freedom to enjoy everyday activities. Finding a new normal often means learning to adapt without allowing IBD to become the centre of every conversation, decision or family experience. You can still make plans, celebrate milestones, enjoy holidays, nurture relationships and create happy memories. Sometimes plans will need to change, but that does not mean you have to stop making them. Encourage your child to participate in activities they enjoy when they feel well enough. Make space for siblings to have their own experiences, and allow yourself to enjoy the good days without feeling that you should always be preparing for the next difficult one. There is no single way to adjust to life with IBD. Your family will find its own routines, strengths and ways of coping. 💚 Remember, your family matters, too When a child has IBD, much of the attention naturally goes towards their health and treatment. But the emotional wellbeing of parents, siblings and the wider family matters as well. It is okay to feel exhausted. It is okay to feel frustrated when plans change. It is okay to need a break, and it is okay to have days when you find the whole situation difficult. You do not need to be strong every moment to support your child well. By talking openly, sharing responsibilities, seeking support and making room for everyone's needs, you can help your family navigate the challenges of IBD together. Your child's IBD is part of your family's story, but it is not the whole story. There is still room for connection, laughter, independence, hope and a life filled with experiences beyond the condition. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Managing birthday parties and family gatherings during an IBD flare Practical tips for managing birthday parties and family gatherings when your child has an IBD flare, including toilet access, food, anxiety, fatigue and handling cancelled plans while helping your child feel included and supported. Read More What to say when people give unsolicited advice about IBD Learn how to respond to unsolicited advice about your child's IBD, from diet and medication suggestions to comments about stress. Discover practical ways to set boundaries, protect your peace and feel confident in your decisions. Read More When siblings feel left out because of IBD Learn why siblings may feel left out when a child has IBD and discover practical ways to support their emotions, strengthen family relationships and help every child feel loved, valued and included. Read More Relaxation techniques for children with anxiety Discover practical relaxation techniques to help children manage anxiety, including gentle breathing, grounding exercises, guided imagery and calming activities, with tips for parents supporting children with IBD. Read More

Mental Wellbeing Relaxation techniques for children with anxiety Discover practical relaxation techniques to help children manage anxiety, including gentle breathing, grounding exercises, guided imagery and calming activities, with tips for parents supporting children with IBD. Anxiety can make everyday situations feel overwhelming for children. They might worry about school, friendships, medical appointments or what could happen if they feel unwell. Sometimes anxiety shows up as a racing heart, tense muscles, a sore tummy, difficulty sleeping or trouble concentrating. For children living with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis (IBD), these feelings can be particularly difficult to manage. Unpredictable symptoms, hospital visits and worries about needing the toilet can all contribute to stress. Relaxation techniques can help children learn to recognise when they feel anxious and practice ways to feel calmer. They will not make every worry disappear, but with regular practice, children can develop useful skills to help them cope with challenging moments. 🧠 How relaxation techniques can help When a child feels anxious, their body's stress response can become activated. Their heart may beat faster, their breathing may change and their muscles may tense. These reactions are part of the body's natural response to perceived danger, even when the situation is not physically dangerous. Relaxation techniques encourage children to slow down, notice what is happening in their bodies and direct their attention towards something calming. Practicing these skills may help children: Recognise early signs of anxiety. Feel calmer during stressful situations. Manage tension and restlessness. Prepare for medical appointments or school activities. Develop confidence in handling difficult feelings. Establish a calming bedtime routine. Children respond differently to relaxation techniques. One child might enjoy breathing exercises, while another may prefer drawing, listening to music or moving their body. The goal is to find what works for your child rather than expecting every technique to suit everyone. 🌬️ Practice slow, gentle breathing Breathing exercises are a simple way to help children pause when they feel worried or overwhelmed. When children are anxious, they may breathe quickly or shallowly without realising it. Gently slowing their breathing can help them settle. Try this together: Sit somewhere comfortable. Ask your child to breathe in gently through their nose. Encourage them to breathe out slowly, without forcing the breath. Repeat for a few comfortable breaths. Stop if they feel dizzy, uncomfortable or more anxious. You could make it playful by asking them to imagine smelling a flower and gently blowing on a pinwheel. Keep the exercise short and relaxed. Children do not need to take unusually deep breaths or hold their breath. Helpful tip: Practice when your child is already calm so they are familiar with the technique before a stressful moment. 🎈 Try balloon breathing Balloon breathing is a child-friendly way to introduce slow breathing, particularly for younger children. Ask your child to imagine that their tummy is a balloon. As they breathe in gently, they can imagine the balloon becoming a little bigger. As they breathe out slowly, they can picture the balloon gently deflating. Encourage them to keep their shoulders relaxed and avoid forcing their tummy out. You can make up a little story about a balloon floating gently into the sky, or simply practice together for a minute. For children with IBD who experience abdominal pain or discomfort, focusing on the tummy may feel unpleasant. If that happens, try ordinary gentle breathing instead or choose a different technique. 🧘 Use progressive muscle relaxation Anxiety can cause children to tense their muscles without noticing. Progressive muscle relaxation helps them recognise the difference between tension and relaxation. The idea is to gently tighten one muscle group, then release it and notice how it feels. Try a simple version: Ask your child to squeeze their hands into gentle fists for a few seconds. Ask them to release their hands and notice the difference. Invite them to lift their shoulders towards their ears, then let them drop. Ask them to scrunch their face briefly, then relax it. Finish by sitting quietly and noticing how their body feels. Keep each movement gentle and comfortable. Skip any muscle group that hurts, and never ask your child to tense an area affected by pain. This exercise can be particularly useful before bedtime or after a demanding school day. 🌿 Try a grounding exercise When children feel anxious, they may become caught up in thoughts about what could go wrong. Grounding helps them bring their attention back to the present moment. One popular technique is the 5–4–3–2–1 exercise . Invite your child to notice: 5 things they can see. 4 things they can feel, such as their feet on the floor. 3 things they can hear. 2 things they can smell. 1 thing they can taste, if comfortable. There is no need to get every step exactly right. If five things feel like too much, simply ask your child to name three things they can see. Grounding can be practiced at home, in the car before school or in a quiet place before a medical appointment. It is a way to redirect attention, not a promise that anxiety will disappear immediately. 🌈 Use guided imagery Guided imagery involves imagining a place or situation that feels peaceful, safe or comforting. Ask your child to picture somewhere they enjoy being. It might be a beach, a favourite park, their bedroom or an imaginary world. Invite them to imagine: What they can see around them. The sounds they might hear. The temperature of the air. What the ground feels like beneath their feet. What makes this place feel comfortable. You could guide them through the scene using a calm voice or find a child-friendly guided imagery recording. Some children find visualisation difficult or prefer not to close their eyes. Let them keep their eyes open or choose another activity. If an exercise brings up uncomfortable memories or feelings, stop and offer reassurance. 🎨 Encourage drawing, colouring or creative activities Not every child finds it easy to sit still and concentrate on their breathing. For some, relaxing is easier when their hands are busy. Drawing, colouring, painting, building with blocks or playing with modelling clay can provide a calming focus. You could invite your child to: Draw what their worry looks like. Colour a picture using colours that make them feel calm. Create a picture of their favourite place. Make a worry character and give it a funny name. Draw something they are looking forward to. These activities do not need to be used as therapy or lead to a conversation. Sometimes a child simply wants to create something without explaining how they feel. Creative activities can also give children an alternative way to express feelings they find difficult to put into words. 🎵 Listen to calming music Music can be a useful part of a relaxation routine, particularly when a child is feeling restless or finding it difficult to settle. Ask your child what they enjoy. It could be gentle instrumental music, nature sounds, familiar songs or a calming audio story. You might create a short playlist together for: Getting ready for bed. Relaxing after school. Travelling to a medical appointment. Taking a quiet break during a difficult day. Some children find music distracting or overstimulating, so follow their preferences. Music can be a helpful tool, but it should not become another task your child feels they have to complete perfectly. 🚶 Try gentle movement Relaxation does not always mean sitting quietly. Some children feel calmer after moving their bodies. Depending on their age, interests and physical health, activities might include: Taking a gentle walk. Stretching comfortably. Dancing to a favourite song. Doing child-friendly yoga. Playing outside. Moving around while listening to music. Movement can help children release tension and shift their attention away from worries. For children with IBD, activity needs to match how they are feeling physically. During a flare, when fatigue is significant or when pain is present, rest may be more appropriate. Encourage your child to follow the advice of their healthcare team about activity when symptoms are affecting them. 🛏️ Create a calming bedtime routine Anxiety can make it harder for children to settle at night. They may replay the day's events, worry about tomorrow or become concerned about symptoms returning. A predictable bedtime routine can help signal that it is time to wind down. You could try: Keeping bedtime and wake-up times reasonably consistent. Reducing stimulating activities before bed. Reading a familiar story together. Listening to quiet music or an audio story. Practicing gentle breathing. Talking briefly about tomorrow's plans. Writing down worries that can be revisited the next day. If your child worries about becoming unwell overnight, acknowledge the fear rather than dismissing it. Reassure them that they can tell you if they need help and, where appropriate, review the plan you have made with their healthcare team. Persistent sleep difficulties are worth discussing with your child's healthcare professional. 💬 Help your child use calming self-talk Children sometimes experience anxious thoughts such as: "Something bad is going to happen." "What if I get sick at school?" "I won't be able to cope." "Everyone will laugh at me." You do not need to tell your child to stop thinking this way. Instead, help them find a more balanced and reassuring response. For example: Anxious thought A more helpful response "What if I need the toilet in class?" "I have a plan, and I can ask my teacher for help." "I can't cope with my appointment." "I can take it one step at a time and ask questions when I need to." "Everyone will notice I'm different." "I don't have to tell everyone about my IBD. I can choose who I trust." "I'm going to feel anxious all day." "Feelings can change, and I have a few things I can try." Avoid promising that nothing difficult will happen. The aim is to help your child feel more prepared, even when they cannot control every situation. 🩺 Relaxation techniques for children with IBD For children with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, relaxation can be especially helpful around situations that feel unpredictable. You might practice a few techniques together before: School: Try grounding or gentle breathing before leaving home, especially if your child worries about toilet access or symptoms. Medical appointments: Use guided imagery, music or a familiar activity while waiting. Let your child choose what feels comforting. Blood tests or procedures: Ask the healthcare team what support is available. Distraction, preparation and age-appropriate explanations may help alongside relaxation techniques. After a difficult day: Offer a quiet activity, creative time or gentle movement, depending on your child's energy and symptoms. During a flare: Focus on comfort and emotional support rather than expecting your child to use relaxation to control their symptoms. It is important to remember that relaxation techniques do not treat intestinal inflammation or replace IBD medication and medical care . Anxiety and physical symptoms can occur together, and worsening symptoms should not automatically be attributed to stress. If your child is struggling with anxiety, their IBD team may be able to recommend a psychologist or other mental health professional familiar with chronic illness. 👨👩👧 How parents can help relaxation become a habit Children often learn new skills more easily when they practice with someone they trust. You do not need to become an expert in relaxation or set aside a large amount of time. Start with these simple steps: Let your child choose: Offer two or three techniques and see which they prefer. Keep it short: One or two minutes may be enough to begin with. Practice when things are calm: It can be harder to learn a new skill during a moment of intense anxiety. Model the techniques yourself: You could practice gentle breathing together. Avoid turning it into a chore: If a technique is frustrating, stop and try something else. Praise effort: Recognise when your child tries a skill, even if they still feel anxious afterwards. Keep expectations realistic: Relaxation may help your child feel calmer, but it will not resolve every worry or work instantly. It can also help to ask your child which technique they would like to use when they feel overwhelmed. Having a choice can make them feel more in control. 🆘 When relaxation techniques may not be enough Relaxation techniques are useful coping tools, but some children need additional support with anxiety. Speak with your child's GP, IBD team or a qualified mental health professional if anxiety: Frequently interferes with school attendance or friendships. Makes it difficult to sleep or take part in everyday activities. Leads to repeated panic or intense distress. Causes ongoing avoidance of medical care or other important activities. Persists despite reassurance and practical support. A mental health professional can help identify what is driving the anxiety and recommend appropriate strategies. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is one approach that can help children understand anxious thoughts and gradually develop ways to cope with them. If your child talks about harming themselves or not wanting to be alive, seek urgent professional help. 💚 The takeaway Relaxation techniques can give children practical tools for managing anxious feelings, from gentle breathing and grounding to creative activities, music and movement. The best approach is one that suits your child's age, interests and needs. Start small, practice together and remind your child that they do not have to make every worry disappear to be doing well. For children living with IBD, these skills can be part of a wider support plan that includes understanding adults, appropriate medical care and help with emotional wellbeing. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like School anxiety in children with IBD: how parents can help Learn how IBD can contribute to school anxiety in children and discover practical ways parents can reduce worries about symptoms, toilet access, friendships and missed school, helping children feel more confident and supported. Read More Can stress make IBD symptoms worse in children? Understand how stress can affect symptoms in children with IBD, what research says about stress and flares, and how parents can help children manage anxiety while recognising when medical advice is needed. Read More Anxiety in children with IBD: signs and how parents can help Learn how to recognise anxiety in children with IBD, understand common triggers such as flares, school and toilet worries, and discover practical ways to support your child’s confidence and emotional wellbeing. Read More How IBD affects children's mental health Explore how IBD can affect children’s mental health, from anxiety and body image to friendships and school, and learn how to recognise emotional struggles and support your child’s wellbeing. Read More

Mental Wellbeing School anxiety in children with IBD: how parents can help Learn how IBD can contribute to school anxiety in children and discover practical ways parents can reduce worries about symptoms, toilet access, friendships and missed school, helping children feel more confident and supported. School can be challenging for any child, but for children living with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, it can bring extra worries. Concerns about needing the toilet urgently, having an accident, managing pain or fatigue, missing lessons or being asked questions by classmates can make going to school feel overwhelming. Some children may become anxious before school, avoid certain activities or worry about being away from home. Others may hide their feelings because they do not want to stand out or be treated differently. The good news is that parents can help children feel safer and more confident at school. With understanding, practical planning and support from the school and healthcare team, many of these worries can become easier to manage. 🧠 Why school can cause anxiety for children with IBD IBD symptoms can be unpredictable, and children may worry about what could happen when they are away from home. Even when their condition is well controlled, the possibility of symptoms returning can make school feel uncertain. Common worries include: Needing the toilet urgently: Worrying about whether they will be allowed to leave class or reach a toilet in time. Having an accident: Feeling embarrassed or afraid that classmates might notice. Experiencing pain or nausea: Worrying about becoming unwell during a lesson, exam or school activity. Feeling tired: Wondering how they will manage a full school day when fatigue affects their energy and concentration. Missing school: Feeling behind with schoolwork or worrying about falling out of touch with friends. Medication and medical appointments: Feeling different because of treatment, appointments or time away from class. Other children's reactions: Worrying about teasing, questions or having to explain their condition. Being away from parents: Feeling less secure when they are not at home and cannot easily ask for help. Not every child will experience all these worries. Some may be happy at school but become anxious before particular lessons, tests, excursions or days when symptoms are more noticeable. 🔍 Signs your child may be anxious about school Children do not always say they are anxious. Sometimes their worries appear through changes in behaviour or physical complaints. You might notice that your child: Complains of stomach aches, nausea or headaches before school. Becomes upset, tearful or irritable in the morning. Repeatedly asks whether they can stay home. Worries about toilet access or where the nearest bathroom is. Asks to be collected early or frequently visits the school nurse. Avoids school trips, sport, assemblies or overnight camps. Has trouble sleeping before school days. Becomes unusually quiet or withdrawn after school. Worries excessively about missed work or falling behind. Seems relieved when school is cancelled or they are allowed to stay home. Physical symptoms can have many causes, including active IBD, infection, medication effects or anxiety. Do not automatically assume that symptoms are caused by worry. If symptoms are new, persistent or worsening, contact your child's IBD team for advice. 💬 Talk to your child about what worries them One of the most helpful things you can do is create opportunities for your child to talk without feeling judged or rushed. Instead of asking only, "Are you worried about school?", try asking more specific questions: "What's the hardest part of being at school when your tummy isn't feeling right?" "Do you worry about needing the toilet during class?" "Is there a part of the school day that makes you feel nervous?" "What would help you feel safer at school?" "Is there anything you wish your teacher understood?" Some children may find it easier to talk while walking, driving or doing something together rather than sitting face-to-face. Listen to their concerns before trying to solve them. A worry that seems small to an adult can feel enormous to a child who is afraid of having an accident in front of classmates. You could say, "I can understand why that would worry you. Let's work out what might help." This acknowledges their feelings while showing them that they do not have to manage everything alone. 🚽 Make a plan for toilet worries Toilet anxiety is a common concern for children with IBD, particularly when they have experienced urgency or accidents in the past. Practical arrangements can help your child feel more secure. Depending on their needs, consider asking the school to: Allow immediate toilet access without requiring your child to wait or explain themselves in front of classmates. Provide a discreet toilet pass or agreed signal. Identify accessible toilets near classrooms and playgrounds. Make sure a trusted staff member knows what to do if symptoms occur. Arrange a private place to clean up or change clothes if needed. Keep spare underwear, clothing or hygiene supplies somewhere discreet, if your child finds this reassuring. Explain to your child what has been agreed with the school so they know what to expect. If they are worried about asking to leave class, practise a simple phrase or signal together. Knowing they have a plan can reduce the fear of being caught out. 🏫 Work with the school to create a supportive environment Your child's school can play an important role in reducing anxiety. Teachers may not realise how much uncertainty a child with IBD experiences unless someone explains what support is needed. With your child's involvement where appropriate, arrange a conversation with their teacher, school nurse, learning support coordinator or another trusted staff member. Discuss practical adjustments such as: Flexible toilet access. Permission to keep water and approved snacks nearby when needed. Rest breaks when fatigue or symptoms make concentrating difficult. Flexibility with deadlines and missed work during flares or appointments. A quiet place to go if your child feels overwhelmed. A plan for managing symptoms during exams, sport and school excursions. A trusted adult your child can approach privately. The right arrangements will depend on your child's symptoms, age, school setting and local policies. Some children may need only a few simple adjustments, while others may benefit from a more formal school support plan. Try to agree on a clear plan rather than relying on your child to explain their needs every time something happens. ❤️ Help your child feel less different from their classmates Children may worry that IBD makes them unusual or that other people will see them differently. They might feel embarrassed about toilet breaks, medication, medical appointments or absences. Remind your child that they do not have to tell everyone about their diagnosis. They can decide what they feel comfortable sharing, while trusted adults should know enough to keep them supported and safe. If your child wants to explain IBD to friends, help them prepare a simple explanation, such as: "I have a condition that sometimes affects my stomach and means I need the toilet more often. It's not contagious, and I'm still the same person." For younger children, a shorter explanation may be easier. Older children and teenagers may prefer to keep their diagnosis private. Avoid pressuring your child to talk about IBD before they are ready. Instead, help them feel confident that they can ask for help when they need it. 🌱 Build confidence gradually When a child feels anxious, it can be tempting to avoid anything that might trigger their worries. Sometimes staying home is necessary, especially when symptoms are active or a healthcare professional recommends it. However, when anxiety is the main barrier and your child is medically well enough to attend, avoiding school or activities every time can sometimes make the fear harder to overcome. Work with your child to identify manageable steps. For example, they might start by: Meeting a trusted teacher before the school day begins. Practising how to ask for a toilet break. Attending part of an activity before building up to the whole event. Returning to a favourite class or activity after an absence. Identifying one friend or adult they can turn to if they feel worried. Praise effort rather than expecting them to feel completely calm. You might say, "I know you were nervous, and you gave it a try. That's something to be proud of." Keep expectations realistic and take your child's physical health into account. Gradual steps should never mean pushing through significant pain, severe fatigue or symptoms that need medical attention. 📚 Reduce anxiety about missed schoolwork Missing school because of appointments, tests, hospital stays or flares can leave children feeling overwhelmed. They may worry about falling behind, disappointing teachers or being unable to catch up. Ask the school to help prioritise essential work rather than expecting your child to complete everything they missed at once. Helpful approaches include: Agreeing on which assignments need attention first. Extending deadlines when necessary. Providing class notes or learning materials during absences. Breaking larger assignments into smaller tasks. Planning catch-up work around your child's energy levels. Checking in regularly so small difficulties do not become overwhelming. Remind your child that their health comes first and that they do not need to make up every missed task in one evening. A coordinated plan between home and school can reduce the pressure on your child to manage everything themselves. 🌤️ Support your child on difficult mornings Anxiety may be most noticeable before school, particularly after a flare, a difficult experience or a period away from the classroom. A predictable morning routine can help. Allow enough time to get ready without rushing, and make space for your child to explain how they are feeling. You might try: Preparing bags, clothing and school supplies the night before. Reviewing the support plan if your child is worried about toilet access or symptoms. Using calm, reassuring language. Agreeing on who your child can contact if they need help during the day. Keeping goodbyes predictable and avoiding lengthy negotiations when possible. If your child says they feel unwell, take their symptoms seriously. Consider what you know about their usual symptoms, check for changes and follow the advice from their IBD team. A child who is physically unwell may need to stay home or receive medical assessment. If anxiety is recurring, speak with the school and your child's healthcare team rather than trying to solve the problem through morning routines alone. 🧘 Teach simple ways to manage anxiety Children can learn practical skills to use when school worries arise. The goal is not to make every anxious feeling disappear, but to help them feel more capable of handling it. Some strategies to practise together include: Slow breathing: Encourage your child to breathe gently and slowly, without forcing deep breaths. Practise when they are calm so it feels familiar when they are worried. Grounding: Ask them to notice a few things they can see, hear and feel around them. This can help bring their attention back to the present moment. Helpful self-talk: Practise phrases such as "I have a plan if I need the toilet" or "I can ask my teacher for help." Breaking worries into smaller steps: Instead of thinking about an entire school day, focus on getting ready, travelling to school and starting the first lesson. A trusted person: Help your child identify a teacher, school nurse, counsellor or friend they can approach if they feel overwhelmed. Choose strategies that suit your child's age and personality. Some children enjoy practising coping skills, while others prefer simple reminders and practical plans. 🩺 When should you seek extra support? Occasional school worries are understandable. However, if anxiety is persistent, intensifying or interfering with attendance, friendships, sleep or everyday life, it is worth seeking additional support. Consider speaking with your child's GP, paediatric gastroenterology team or a mental health professional who understands chronic illness. A psychologist can help your child work through fears about symptoms, embarrassment, separation from parents, school avoidance or previous difficult experiences. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), for example, may help some children recognise anxious thought patterns and develop coping strategies. Seek advice promptly if your child is regularly refusing school, experiencing panic attacks, withdrawing from activities they previously enjoyed or showing significant changes in mood or behaviour. If your child expresses thoughts of self-harm or suicide, seek urgent professional help through your local crisis or emergency services. 👨👩👧 Look after your own worries, too Watching your child struggle with school anxiety can be upsetting. You may worry about whether they are safe, whether teachers understand their needs or whether they will manage as they get older. It is natural to want to protect your child from every difficult experience. At the same time, children often benefit from knowing that their feelings are taken seriously and that the adults around them believe they can be supported through challenges. You do not have to solve everything at once. Start with one concern, agree on a practical step and review how it works. If communication with the school becomes difficult, ask your child's healthcare team whether they can provide a letter explaining the condition and the adjustments your child may need. ✅ A simple school anxiety action plan If your child is worried about school, use this checklist to get started: Talk with your child about their biggest school worries. Check whether symptoms need medical review. Identify a trusted adult at school. Agree on a clear toilet-access plan. Discuss flexibility around fatigue, appointments and missed work. Practise one or two coping strategies together. Decide how your child can ask for help privately. Review the plan with your child and school after trying it. You do not need to put every support in place immediately. Focus first on the worry that is having the biggest impact on your child's day. 💚 The takeaway School anxiety can be a difficult part of living with IBD, especially when children worry about symptoms, toilet access, missing lessons or feeling different from their peers. By listening to your child, making practical plans with the school and helping them develop coping strategies, you can make school feel more predictable and manageable. If anxiety starts affecting attendance or everyday life, support from their healthcare team or a mental health professional can help. Your child deserves to feel safe, understood and able to take part in school life while managing their health. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Relaxation techniques for children with anxiety Discover practical relaxation techniques to help children manage anxiety, including gentle breathing, grounding exercises, guided imagery and calming activities, with tips for parents supporting children with IBD. Read More Can stress make IBD symptoms worse in children? Understand how stress can affect symptoms in children with IBD, what research says about stress and flares, and how parents can help children manage anxiety while recognising when medical advice is needed. Read More Anxiety in children with IBD: signs and how parents can help Learn how to recognise anxiety in children with IBD, understand common triggers such as flares, school and toilet worries, and discover practical ways to support your child’s confidence and emotional wellbeing. Read More How IBD affects children's mental health Explore how IBD can affect children’s mental health, from anxiety and body image to friendships and school, and learn how to recognise emotional struggles and support your child’s wellbeing. Read More

Mental Wellbeing Can stress make IBD symptoms worse in children? Understand how stress can affect symptoms in children with IBD, what research says about stress and flares, and how parents can help children manage anxiety while recognising when medical advice is needed. If your child has Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, you may notice that their symptoms seem to get worse during stressful periods. Perhaps they experience more abdominal pain before a school presentation, struggle with diarrhoea during exams or seem to become unwell after an emotionally difficult week. It is natural to wonder whether stress is contributing to their symptoms. Stress can influence how children experience IBD symptoms, but it does not mean stress is causing their disease or that their symptoms are all in their head. IBD is a physical inflammatory condition, and changes in symptoms should always be taken seriously. Understanding the relationship between stress and IBD can help you support your child emotionally while making sure their physical health receives the attention it needs. 🧠 How are stress and IBD connected? The brain and digestive system communicate with each other through a network of nerves, hormones and immune signals. This is often called the gut-brain connection . When a child experiences stress, their body activates its stress response. This can affect digestion, gut movement, pain sensitivity and sleep. For a child living with IBD, these changes may influence how they feel, particularly when they are already experiencing digestive symptoms. Stress may contribute to: Abdominal pain: Stress can increase sensitivity to pain, making normal digestive sensations or existing discomfort feel more intense. Changes in bowel habits: Stress can affect how quickly the bowel moves, potentially influencing urgency or bowel frequency. Nausea or reduced appetite: Worry can make some children feel sick or less interested in eating. Poor sleep: Stress can make it harder to fall asleep or stay asleep, contributing to tiredness the following day. Fatigue and difficulty concentrating: Poor sleep, emotional strain and ongoing physical symptoms can make everyday activities feel harder. These effects vary between children. Stress may contribute to some symptoms, but it does not explain every change in a child's digestive health. 🔥 Can stress trigger an IBD flare? This is an important distinction. Research has found associations between psychological stress and IBD disease activity in some people. Stress may influence immune function and other processes involved in inflammation, but the relationship is complex, and studies do not consistently show that stress directly triggers a flare in every child. Stress is not the cause of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Children do not develop IBD because they are worried, anxious or unable to cope with difficult situations. A stressful event may coincide with worsening symptoms, but that does not prove it caused the change. Active inflammation, an infection, medication issues or other factors may also be involved. If your child develops more frequent diarrhoea, blood in their stool, increasing abdominal pain or other concerning symptoms, do not assume stress is responsible. Contact their IBD team for advice. 🏫 Why might school be a source of stress? School can involve many situations that feel challenging for a child with IBD. They may worry about having an accident in class, being unable to leave a lesson, missing important work or explaining their condition to friends. Other stressful situations might include: Exams, presentations or public speaking. Being away from home for excursions or camps. Returning to school after a flare or hospital admission. Falling behind because of medical appointments. Sport or activities where toilet access is uncertain. Feeling embarrassed about symptoms or needing extra support. Sometimes children keep these worries to themselves because they do not want to seem different from their classmates. If you notice your child's symptoms or distress seem to increase around particular school events, gently ask what is worrying them. The goal is not to prove that stress is causing their symptoms, but to understand what they are experiencing and identify any support they may need. 💛 How can you tell whether stress is affecting your child? Every child responds to stress differently. Some talk openly about their worries, while others become quiet, irritable or more clingy than usual. Possible signs include: Frequent worries about school, appointments or social activities. Increased irritability or emotional outbursts. Difficulty falling asleep before stressful events. Headaches, nausea or stomach discomfort during periods of worry. Avoiding activities they previously enjoyed. Repeatedly asking for reassurance. Feeling overwhelmed by everyday tasks. You may notice a pattern between stressful situations and certain symptoms. Keeping a simple record of symptoms, sleep, school events and other changes may help you identify patterns over time. However, a pattern alone cannot establish whether symptoms are caused by stress, active inflammation or a combination of factors. Share your observations with your child's healthcare team if you are concerned. 🗣️ How to talk to your child about stress and symptoms Children may already feel frustrated or confused about why they have IBD. They may worry that their emotions are somehow making their illness worse. It is important to avoid suggesting that they are responsible for their symptoms or that they need to be less stressed to get better. Instead, you could say: "Sometimes stress can affect how our bodies feel, including our stomachs. That doesn't mean you're causing your IBD. If your symptoms change, we'll take them seriously and work out what you need." You can also ask gentle questions, such as: "Has anything been worrying you lately?" "Is there anything happening at school that feels difficult?" "What would help you feel more comfortable?" "Would you like to talk about it, or would you prefer to do something together?" Listen without rushing to fix everything. Sometimes children need practical help, while at other times they simply need to feel heard. 🌱 Practical ways to help your child manage stress You cannot remove every source of stress from your child's life, and you do not need to. The aim is to help them develop ways to cope while making sure their medical needs are met. Keep routines predictable where possible Regular meals, bedtime routines and familiar activities can provide a sense of stability. Flexibility is important too, particularly when your child is unwell. Make time for enjoyable activities Encourage hobbies, creative activities, gentle movement when appropriate and time with friends. Activities unrelated to IBD can help your child maintain a sense of identity beyond their diagnosis. Practice simple relaxation techniques Slow breathing, listening to calming music, drawing or a quiet activity may help some children feel more settled. Practise when your child is calm so they can use these techniques when needed. Break overwhelming tasks into smaller steps If your child is worried about an exam or presentation, help them make a manageable plan. Preparing together can make the situation feel less overwhelming. Help them feel prepared If toilet access is a concern, identify toilets in advance, arrange discreet school support and agree on what your child can do if they feel unwell. Allow rest when needed Children with IBD may experience fatigue because of inflammation, anaemia, poor sleep or other medical factors. Avoid assuming that tiredness is simply a response to stress. These strategies can support emotional wellbeing, but they are not a substitute for medical assessment or treatment when symptoms worsen. 🏥 What if your child becomes unwell after a stressful event? It can be tempting to link a flare or worsening symptoms to something stressful that happened recently, especially if you have noticed a similar pattern before. However, timing alone cannot tell you what is happening inside your child's bowel. If symptoms worsen after an exam, a difficult week at school or another upsetting event, consider both their emotional and physical wellbeing. You can support them by: Listening to what happened and acknowledging their feelings. Helping them rest and maintain fluids as appropriate. Recording changes in their symptoms. Contacting their IBD team if symptoms are new, persistent or worsening. Following the medical advice provided for their individual situation. Seek urgent medical care if your child has severe or rapidly worsening abdominal pain, significant bleeding, repeated vomiting, signs of severe dehydration or appears seriously unwell. Do not delay medical advice while trying relaxation techniques or waiting for stress to pass. 🧑⚕️ When might your child need additional support? Some stress is a normal part of childhood, but ongoing anxiety can become difficult to manage without help. Consider speaking with your child's healthcare team if your child: Frequently worries about their health or the possibility of a flare. Avoids school, friendships or activities because of fear. Has persistent sleep difficulties or distress. Struggles to cope with appointments or medical procedures. Becomes increasingly withdrawn or irritable. Seems overwhelmed by their diagnosis or treatment. A psychologist or other qualified mental health professional with experience in children and chronic illness may help your child develop coping strategies and manage anxiety. Psychological support can be valuable even when a child's IBD is medically stable. It is not an indication that their symptoms are imaginary or that their disease is caused by stress. If anxiety is affecting your child's daily life, you do not need to wait until it becomes severe before asking for help. 👨👩👧 Remember that parents need support too Watching your child experience pain or worrying about another flare can be stressful for the whole family. You may find yourself looking for patterns, wondering whether you could have prevented a flare or feeling responsible for keeping your child calm. Please remember that you cannot control every stressor in your child's life, and you cannot prevent every flare by creating a stress-free environment. Your child is allowed to feel upset, nervous, frustrated or angry. These emotions are part of being human, and they do not mean you or your child have done anything wrong. Focus on providing a safe environment where feelings can be discussed, symptoms are taken seriously and help is available when needed. If the emotional pressure becomes difficult for you, too, consider seeking support from someone you trust or a suitable professional. 💛 The takeaway Stress can influence how children with IBD feel and cope with symptoms, but it is only one part of a much bigger picture. It does not mean that stress causes their condition or that they are responsible when symptoms worsen. By listening to your child, helping them manage difficult situations and working with their healthcare team, you can support both their emotional wellbeing and their physical health. If symptoms change, take them seriously rather than assuming stress is to blame. Your child deserves support for what they are feeling and appropriate medical care for what is happening in their body. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Anxiety in children with IBD: signs and how parents can help Learn how to recognise anxiety in children with IBD, understand common triggers such as flares, school and toilet worries, and discover practical ways to support your child’s confidence and emotional wellbeing. Read More How IBD affects children's mental health Explore how IBD can affect children’s mental health, from anxiety and body image to friendships and school, and learn how to recognise emotional struggles and support your child’s wellbeing. Read More What is an MR enterography (MRE)? Learn what an MR enterography (MRE) is, why children with IBD may need this MRI scan, how to prepare, what happens during the procedure and how it helps doctors assess Crohn’s disease. Read More What is a colonoscopy? A parent's guide Learn what a colonoscopy involves for children with IBD, why it may be needed, how biopsies help doctors assess inflammation, and what parents can expect before, during and after the procedure. Read More

Mental Wellbeing Anxiety in children with IBD: signs and how parents can help Learn how to recognise anxiety in children with IBD, understand common triggers such as flares, school and toilet worries, and discover practical ways to support your child’s confidence and emotional wellbeing. Living with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis can bring uncertainty, uncomfortable symptoms and experiences that children may find frightening. They might worry about having a toilet accident at school, missing out on activities, needing another hospital visit or not knowing when their symptoms will return. For some children, these worries come and go. For others, anxiety can begin to affect their sleep, friendships, school attendance and everyday life. As a parent, it can be difficult to know whether your child's worries are a normal response to living with a chronic condition or a sign that they need additional support. Understanding how anxiety can affect children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can help you recognise the signs, respond with compassion and know when to seek help. 🧠 Why might children with IBD experience anxiety? Children with IBD may face challenges that other children their age don't have to think about. Even when their condition is well controlled, the possibility of a flare or an unexpected symptom can make it difficult to feel completely carefree. Several experiences may contribute to anxiety. Unpredictable symptoms Your child might feel well one day and experience abdominal pain, diarrhoea or urgency the next. Not knowing when symptoms might occur can make them feel uncertain or out of control. Fear of toilet accidents Children may worry about not reaching a toilet in time, particularly at school, during sport, on public transport or when visiting friends. Medical appointments and procedures Blood tests, scans, colonoscopies, hospital visits and new treatments can feel intimidating. Previous difficult experiences may make future appointments more stressful. Missing school or social activities A child may worry about falling behind in class, disappointing friends or missing events they have been looking forward to. Feeling different from other children Some children feel embarrassed about their condition or worry that others will not understand. They may be reluctant to explain why they need medication, use the toilet frequently or leave an activity unexpectedly. Worries about the future Older children and teenagers may wonder whether IBD will affect their growth, body image, relationships, independence or future plans. These concerns are understandable. However, when worry becomes persistent, overwhelming or begins to limit a child's life, additional support may help. 🔎 What are the signs of anxiety in children with IBD? Anxiety does not look the same in every child. Some children openly talk about their fears, while others struggle to explain what they are feeling. Signs can include emotional, physical and behavioural changes. Emotional signs Your child might: Frequently worry about their health or when symptoms will return. Ask for reassurance repeatedly. Become unusually tearful, irritable or upset. Seem frightened about school, appointments or being away from home. Worry about things going wrong, even when there is no immediate problem. Say they feel scared, overwhelmed or unable to cope. Physical signs Anxiety can sometimes be associated with physical sensations, such as a racing heart, muscle tension, nausea, headaches or difficulty sleeping. However, these symptoms can also have medical causes. In a child with IBD, new or worsening abdominal pain, diarrhoea, bleeding, fatigue or other physical changes should not automatically be attributed to anxiety. Contact your child's healthcare team if you are concerned about physical symptoms. Behavioural signs You might notice that your child: Avoids school, sleepovers, excursions or social activities. Becomes distressed when you leave them. Wants to stay close to home or familiar toilets. Has difficulty falling asleep or frequently seeks reassurance at night. Avoids talking about appointments or medical procedures. Becomes unusually withdrawn or stops enjoying activities they previously liked. One sign on its own does not necessarily mean your child has an anxiety disorder. Look for patterns, changes from their usual behaviour and whether their worries are affecting everyday life. 🚽 When anxiety centres on toilet access For many children with IBD, access to a toilet is a major source of worry. Your child may be afraid of having an accident in the classroom, being unable to leave a lesson, finding a toilet while out with friends or having symptoms in a public place. Even during remission, the memory of previous accidents or urgent symptoms can make some children feel unsafe away from home. You can help by making a practical plan rather than simply telling your child not to worry. Consider: Identifying toilets at school, shopping centres and regular activity locations. Arranging discreet, immediate toilet access at school. Helping your child understand how to ask a teacher or trusted adult for help. Carrying spare underwear, wipes and a change of clothes if this makes your child feel more comfortable. Planning journeys with toilet stops where appropriate. Gradually helping your child rebuild confidence in activities they have started avoiding. The aim is to make your child feel prepared, not to suggest that an accident is inevitable. Practical arrangements can provide reassurance while your child develops confidence in managing uncertainty. 🗣️ How to talk to your child about anxiety Children may not always recognise anxiety or know how to describe it. Younger children might say their tummy hurts, while older children may become irritable or withdraw from conversations. Choose a calm moment to check in with your child. This could be while walking, driving, drawing or doing something familiar together. Try asking open questions such as: "What's been worrying you lately?" "Is there anything about school that feels difficult because of your IBD?" "What do you worry might happen when we're out?" "Is there something you wish other people understood?" "What would help you feel more comfortable?" Listen to the answer without rushing to solve the problem. You could say, "I can understand why that makes you nervous. Let's work out what might help." Avoid dismissing their concerns with phrases such as "There's nothing to worry about" or "You need to stop thinking about it." Even if you believe the situation is unlikely to happen, the fear may feel very real to your child. You do not need to remove every worry. Helping your child feel heard and supported is an important first step. ❤️ Reassure them without making promises you can't keep When your child is anxious, it is natural to want to promise that everything will be fine. However, because IBD can be unpredictable, promises such as "You definitely won't have a flare" or "You won't need to go to hospital again" may not be realistic. Instead, offer reassurance that focuses on what you can do together. For example: "If you start feeling unwell, we'll work out what you need." "You can tell me if something feels wrong." "We have a plan for getting help if your symptoms change." "You don't have to handle this by yourself." "It's okay to feel worried, and we can take this one step at a time." This helps your child understand that although not everything can be controlled, they have people and plans they can rely on. If your child asks the same question repeatedly, respond kindly while gradually helping them use other coping strategies, rather than getting caught in an endless cycle of reassurance. 🌱 Help your child build confidence gradually When children feel anxious, avoiding the situation can bring short-term relief. However, if avoidance becomes a pattern, their world may gradually become smaller. For example, a child who worries about needing a toilet might stop going to friends' houses, then avoid excursions and eventually become reluctant to leave home. The answer is not to force your child into situations that feel overwhelming or ignore their medical needs. Instead, help them take manageable steps towards activities they want to enjoy. You might: Start with a short outing to a familiar place. Plan an activity with someone your child trusts. Visit a new location together so they can identify the toilets. Agree on a simple plan for what to do if they feel unwell. Gradually increase the time spent away from home as confidence improves. Celebrate effort rather than expecting your child to feel completely calm. If avoidance is significantly affecting their life, a psychologist can help develop an appropriate plan for managing anxiety. 🧘 Teach simple coping strategies Children can learn practical skills to help them manage anxious feelings. These strategies will not remove every worry, but they may help your child feel more able to cope. Slow breathing Encourage your child to breathe gently and slowly, without forcing deep breaths. You could practise together when they are calm so the technique feels familiar when they are worried. Grounding Help your child focus on what is happening around them. For example, ask them to notice five things they can see, four things they can feel and three things they can hear. Naming the feeling You might say, "It sounds like you're feeling worried about what could happen." Naming an emotion can help children understand what they are experiencing. Breaking a problem into smaller steps If your child is anxious about a school excursion, talk through the parts separately: getting there, finding the toilet, knowing which adult can help and deciding what to do if symptoms occur. Making time for enjoyable activities Hobbies, creative activities, gentle exercise when appropriate and time with friends can help children maintain a sense of identity beyond their illness. Practise these strategies during calmer moments rather than introducing them only when your child is already overwhelmed. 🏫 Work with your child's school School can be a major source of anxiety for children with IBD, particularly when they worry about toilet access, accidents, missed work or explaining their condition to others. You do not have to wait until your child refuses to attend school before asking for support. Where appropriate, work with the school to arrange: Immediate and discreet toilet access. A trusted staff member your child can approach. Flexibility when symptoms affect attendance or concentration. A manageable plan for missed lessons and assessments. Privacy around medical information. Support for returning after a flare or a prolonged absence. Ask your child what they would find helpful and involve them in decisions about what information is shared. Some children want teachers to know more about their condition. Others prefer a simple explanation and discreet arrangements. If anxiety is causing repeated school absences, speak with both the school and your child's healthcare team. They can help distinguish anxiety-related difficulties from physical symptoms and develop an appropriate support plan. 🩺 Could anxiety be related to a flare? Anxiety and IBD symptoms can sometimes occur together, but it is important not to assume that one explains the other. A child may become anxious because they are experiencing pain, diarrhoea or other symptoms. Anxiety may also make it harder to cope with physical discomfort. However, anxiety does not cause IBD, and physical symptoms should never be dismissed as simply worry . If your child develops new or worsening abdominal pain, persistent diarrhoea, blood in their stool, fever, unexplained weight loss or other concerning symptoms, contact their IBD team for advice. Seek urgent medical care for severe or rapidly worsening pain, significant bleeding, repeated vomiting, signs of severe dehydration or if your child appears seriously unwell. Your child's healthcare team can assess whether the symptoms suggest active inflammation, infection, another medical problem or a combination of physical and emotional factors. 🧑⚕️ When should you seek professional help? Some worry is a normal response to a difficult or uncertain experience. You do not need to seek specialist treatment every time your child feels nervous. However, extra support may be helpful if anxiety: Persists or becomes more intense. Interferes with school attendance or learning. Prevents your child from seeing friends or doing activities they enjoy. Causes ongoing sleep difficulties. Leads to frequent distress or repeated requests for reassurance. Makes medical appointments or treatment particularly difficult. Affects family life or your child's ability to manage everyday routines. Start by speaking with your child's gastroenterologist, paediatrician or another appropriate healthcare professional. They can help assess your child's needs and discuss suitable support. A psychologist or other qualified mental health professional with experience in children and chronic illness may help your child understand their worries, develop coping skills and gradually regain confidence. Psychological support can complement medical treatment and is not a sign that your child is weak or that their physical symptoms are not real. If your child expresses thoughts of self-harm or suicide, take them seriously and seek urgent professional help. If there is immediate danger, contact your local emergency service. 👨👩👧 What if your child's anxiety affects the whole family? Supporting an anxious child can be emotionally demanding. You might find yourself constantly reassuring them, changing plans or worrying about how they will cope when you are not there. It is understandable to want to protect your child from distress. At the same time, you need support and breathing room, too. Consider: Sharing your concerns with your child's healthcare team. Agreeing on a consistent approach with other caregivers. Helping siblings understand anxiety in an age-appropriate way. Making time for activities that are enjoyable for the whole family. Seeking support for yourself if worry or exhaustion becomes difficult to manage. You do not need to respond perfectly every time. Being consistent, compassionate and willing to seek help matters more than having all the answers. ✅ A simple plan to help your anxious child If you are unsure where to start, focus on a few manageable steps. Ask your child what has been worrying them most. Listen and acknowledge their feelings without dismissing them. Identify one practical change that could make daily life easier. Create a plan for toilet access, school or other situations that trigger worry. Practise one simple coping strategy together. Tell the IBD team about ongoing anxiety or changes in behaviour. Seek professional support if anxiety is limiting your child's everyday life. You do not need to do everything at once. Start with the concern that is affecting your child most right now. 💛 The takeaway Anxiety can make life with IBD feel even more challenging, particularly when children are worried about symptoms, school, friendships or what might happen next. Their fears deserve to be taken seriously, even when the situation seems manageable to an adult. By listening, making practical plans and helping your child build confidence at their own pace, you can show them that they do not have to face these worries alone. If anxiety begins to limit your child's life, reach out to their healthcare team. With the right support, children can learn ways to manage their worries and continue taking part in the activities and relationships that matter to them. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Can stress make IBD symptoms worse in children? Understand how stress can affect symptoms in children with IBD, what research says about stress and flares, and how parents can help children manage anxiety while recognising when medical advice is needed. Read More How IBD affects children's mental health Explore how IBD can affect children’s mental health, from anxiety and body image to friendships and school, and learn how to recognise emotional struggles and support your child’s wellbeing. Read More What is an MR enterography (MRE)? Learn what an MR enterography (MRE) is, why children with IBD may need this MRI scan, how to prepare, what happens during the procedure and how it helps doctors assess Crohn’s disease. Read More What is a colonoscopy? A parent's guide Learn what a colonoscopy involves for children with IBD, why it may be needed, how biopsies help doctors assess inflammation, and what parents can expect before, during and after the procedure. Read More

Tests & Procedures How to prepare your child for a colonoscopy Learn how to prepare your child for an IBD colonoscopy, including bowel preparation, dietary restrictions, medications, fasting, what to pack and how to ease anxiety before the procedure. If your child has Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, they may need a colonoscopy to help diagnose IBD, investigate symptoms or check how well treatment is working. Knowing that your child needs a colonoscopy can feel daunting, especially if it is their first time. You might be worried about the bowel preparation, whether the procedure will hurt or how your child will cope with being in hospital. Preparing your child involves more than getting ready for the procedure itself. Helping them understand what will happen, following the hospital's instructions and knowing what to expect afterwards can make the experience less stressful for your whole family. 🔍 Why might your child need a colonoscopy? A colonoscopy allows the medical team to examine the lining of the large intestine and, when appropriate, the end of the small intestine using a thin, flexible camera. During the procedure, the doctor may take tiny tissue samples called biopsies. These are examined under a microscope to help assess inflammation and other changes in the bowel. For children with IBD, a colonoscopy may be used to: Help diagnose Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Assess the extent and severity of intestinal inflammation. Investigate new or worsening symptoms. Check how well treatment is working. Investigate unexplained bleeding or other concerning findings. Your child's gastroenterologist should explain why the procedure is recommended and what they hope to learn from it. 💬 Talk to your child about what will happen Children may feel frightened when they hear they need a medical procedure. They might worry about pain, needles, being away from you or what the doctor will find. Try to explain the colonoscopy in simple, honest language that suits your child's age and understanding. You could say: “The doctor is going to use a special camera to look inside your bowel and see how it is doing. You'll have medicine to help you sleep during the procedure, so you won't have to watch it happening. We'll be there to support you, and the hospital team will look after you.” The exact type of sedation or anaesthesia depends on your child's hospital and individual needs, so explain what their team has told you. Allow your child to ask questions, even if they ask the same thing more than once. Avoid promising that nothing will hurt or that everything will be normal. Instead, explain what is expected and reassure them that the team will help if they feel worried or uncomfortable. 🧒 Help your child feel involved Children often cope better when they have some understanding of what is happening and feel included in the process. Depending on their age, you could: Look at child-friendly information provided by the hospital. Let them choose a comfort item to bring, if permitted. Practise slow breathing together. Help them prepare a list of questions for the doctor. Explain who will be with them at different stages. Give them choices where possible, such as which comfortable clothes to wear before changing into a hospital gown. Older children and teenagers may want more detailed information about the procedure, sedation, privacy and recovery. Answer their questions respectfully and give them opportunities to speak directly with the healthcare team. Try to keep the conversation calm and reassuring without dismissing their worries. 🥣 Follow the bowel preparation instructions carefully Before a colonoscopy, the bowel needs to be as clear as possible so the doctor can see the intestinal lining properly. Your child will usually need to follow a bowel preparation plan, which may involve dietary changes, a prescribed laxative solution or other medicines. The instructions vary depending on your child's age, weight, medical history and hospital protocol. Your hospital will explain: Which foods your child can eat and when to stop eating them. Which clear fluids are allowed. What bowel preparation medicine to use. How much medicine to give and when. When your child must stop drinking before the procedure. What to do if your child cannot tolerate the preparation. Follow your child's own hospital instructions rather than a general online schedule. Do not change the preparation dose or timing without checking with the medical team. If you are unsure about any part of the plan, contact the endoscopy unit before starting. 🍽️ Understand the dietary restrictions Some children are asked to follow a low-fibre or low-residue diet before their colonoscopy. This can reduce the amount of undigested food remaining in the bowel. Depending on the hospital's instructions, foods such as seeds, nuts, wholegrains, fruit skins and certain vegetables may need to be avoided for a specified period. Your child's hospital will tell you which foods are permitted and when dietary changes should begin. If your child has a restricted diet, food allergies or additional nutritional needs, ask the team for suitable alternatives. Children with IBD may already have a limited appetite or struggle with food during a flare. If your child is underweight, has poor intake or has significant symptoms, tell the team so they can help you plan the preparation safely. 💧 Help your child manage the bowel preparation The bowel preparation is often the most challenging part of the process. Laxatives cause repeated bowel movements to empty the intestine, which can mean spending a lot of time near the toilet. Your child may experience bloating, cramping, nausea or discomfort during preparation. To make things more manageable: Follow the prescribed instructions about how and when to take the preparation. Offer permitted clear fluids according to the hospital's plan. Keep the bathroom easily accessible. Prepare comfortable clothing and spare underwear. Keep gentle entertainment nearby, such as books, games or a tablet. Use soft toilet paper or gentle wipes if permitted, and apply a suitable barrier cream if the skin becomes sore. Stay calm and offer reassurance when your child feels frustrated or uncomfortable. Some preparations have a strong taste. Ask the hospital or pharmacist whether there are approved ways to make the medicine easier to take. Do not mix it with other drinks or foods unless the instructions allow it. If your child vomits repeatedly, cannot keep the preparation or fluids down, develops severe abdominal pain or seems significantly unwell, contact the endoscopy team or seek medical advice promptly. If the bowel movements do not seem to be progressing as expected, ask the team what to do rather than giving extra laxatives. 💊 Check your child's medications Before the procedure, ask the hospital which medications your child should take as usual and whether any need to be adjusted. This is particularly important if your child takes: IBD medications, including biologics or immunosuppressants. Steroids. Iron supplements. Medicines that affect blood clotting. Diabetes medication. Any other medicine that requires special instructions before fasting or sedation. Do not stop or change prescribed medication on your own. Some medicines can be continued, while others may need specific instructions depending on the procedure and your child's circumstances. Tell the team about all medicines and supplements your child takes, including any recent antibiotics or over-the-counter products. If your child has a fever, develops an illness or experiences a significant change in symptoms before the procedure, contact the hospital for advice. 🎒 Pack a hospital bag Having everything ready the night before can make the morning less stressful. Consider packing: Comfortable clothing and a clean change of clothes. Underwear and spare clothing in case of accidents during preparation. Your child's usual comfort item, such as a soft toy or blanket, if permitted. Books, headphones or a tablet. Any requested medication and a current medication list. Relevant medical information and hospital paperwork. A drink or snack for after the procedure, if allowed by the hospital. Items you need for yourself while waiting. Check the hospital's instructions about what your child can bring and whether there are restrictions on food, drinks or electronic devices. ⏰ Know when to stop food and fluids Before sedation or anaesthesia, your child will usually need to fast for a specified period. The exact timing depends on the hospital's protocol, the type of procedure and the planned anaesthesia. The instructions may distinguish between solid food, milk and clear fluids. Follow the fasting times provided by your child's hospital exactly. Do not assume that water or other drinks are allowed until the procedure begins. If your child accidentally eats or drinks after the required cutoff, tell the hospital team. They need accurate information to assess whether the procedure can safely go ahead. Never deliberately extend fasting beyond the instructions without medical advice, especially for a child who is already unwell or at risk of dehydration. 🏥 What happens on the day? Knowing what to expect can help your child feel more prepared. Although procedures vary between hospitals, the day often includes the following steps. Checking in A nurse will check your child's details, review their medical history and confirm that the bowel preparation and fasting instructions have been followed. Pre-procedure checks The team may check your child's weight, observations, allergies and medications. You will have an opportunity to ask last-minute questions. Meeting the medical team The doctor and anaesthesia team, where applicable, will explain the procedure and answer questions. They may discuss the risks, benefits and consent process with you. Sedation or anaesthesia Children commonly receive sedation or general anaesthesia for colonoscopy, depending on the hospital and their individual needs. The team will explain the approach planned for your child. The colonoscopy The doctor gently passes the flexible camera through the anus to examine the bowel. Biopsies may be taken if needed. Your child will be monitored by the medical team throughout the procedure. Recovery Afterwards, your child will be taken to a recovery area and monitored while they wake up or recover from the medication. The procedure itself may be relatively short, but the full hospital visit can take several hours. Allow extra time for preparation, recovery and any unexpected delays. ❤️ How to support your child if they are anxious Even when children understand why a colonoscopy is needed, they may still feel scared. You can help by listening to their concerns and acknowledging their feelings. Try phrases such as: “It's okay to feel nervous.” “You can ask the doctors any questions you have.” “We'll be here to support you.” “You don't have to be brave every second.” Avoid using frightening details or sharing your own worries in a way that makes your child feel responsible for reassuring you. If your child has had difficult medical experiences in the past, let the team know before the procedure. They may be able to offer additional support, explain each step more carefully or discuss strategies to reduce anxiety. If your child has significant anxiety about needles, sedation or hospitals, tell the team in advance rather than waiting until the day. 🌿 What happens after the colonoscopy? Once your child has recovered sufficiently, the team will explain when they can start drinking and eating again and when they can go home. Some children experience temporary bloating, mild cramping or increased wind after the procedure. This can happen because air is introduced into the bowel during the examination. Your child may also feel sleepy or tired following sedation or anaesthesia. Follow the discharge instructions about food, fluids, activity, medication and supervision. Your child may need to rest for the remainder of the day, and the hospital will explain when it is safe to return to school and normal activities. If biopsies were taken, the results may take additional time. Ask the team when and how you will receive the results and who will explain what they mean. 🚩 When to seek medical advice after a colonoscopy Most children recover without serious problems, but complications can occasionally occur. Contact the hospital or seek urgent medical advice if your child develops: Severe or worsening abdominal pain. A swollen abdomen with significant pain. Heavy or persistent rectal bleeding. Repeated vomiting or an inability to keep fluids down. A fever or signs of significant illness. Dizziness, fainting or other concerning symptoms. Follow any specific instructions provided by your child's hospital. If your child appears seriously unwell, seek emergency medical care rather than waiting for a routine callback. 📝 Questions to ask your child's healthcare team Before the procedure, it can help to have your questions written down. You might ask: Why does my child need a colonoscopy now? What bowel preparation should we use, and when should we start? What can my child eat and drink before the procedure? Which medications should they take or adjust? What should we do if they vomit or cannot finish the preparation? How will sedation or anaesthesia be managed? Can I stay with my child before and after the procedure? How long should we expect to be at the hospital? When can my child return to school and usual activities? When and how will we receive the results? Who should we contact if there are problems before or after the procedure? You do not need to know every answer before the day. Asking questions is part of helping your child receive safe, appropriate care. 💛 The takeaway Preparing a child for a colonoscopy can feel overwhelming, but understanding the process can make it easier for both of you. Follow your hospital's instructions carefully, ask for help if the bowel preparation is difficult, and give your child plenty of reassurance along the way. You don't need to make the experience completely stress-free. Your goal is to help your child feel supported, know what to expect and understand that they will be cared for throughout the process. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Anxiety in children with IBD: signs and how parents can help Learn how to recognise anxiety in children with IBD, understand common triggers such as flares, school and toilet worries, and discover practical ways to support your child’s confidence and emotional wellbeing. Read More How IBD affects children's mental health Explore how IBD can affect children’s mental health, from anxiety and body image to friendships and school, and learn how to recognise emotional struggles and support your child’s wellbeing. Read More What is an MR enterography (MRE)? Learn what an MR enterography (MRE) is, why children with IBD may need this MRI scan, how to prepare, what happens during the procedure and how it helps doctors assess Crohn’s disease. Read More What is a colonoscopy? A parent's guide Learn what a colonoscopy involves for children with IBD, why it may be needed, how biopsies help doctors assess inflammation, and what parents can expect before, during and after the procedure. Read More

Tests & Procedures What blood tests are used to monitor IBD in children? Understand the blood tests used to monitor IBD in children, including inflammation markers, iron levels, vitamin deficiencies and medication safety, and learn what results can tell you about your child’s health. If your child has Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, blood tests are likely to become a regular part of their healthcare routine. They help the medical team monitor inflammation, check for nutritional deficiencies, assess how well treatment is working and identify possible medication side effects. You might see lots of abbreviations on your child's results, such as CRP, ESR, FBC, haemoglobin and ferritin. Understanding what these tests measure can help you feel more confident when discussing your child's health with their gastroenterologist. Not every child needs every test at every appointment. The tests your child has will depend on their symptoms, treatment, medical history and individual needs. 🔬 Full blood count (FBC or CBC) A full blood count, also called a complete blood count, measures different types of cells in your child's blood. It is one of the most common tests used to monitor children with IBD. It includes several important measurements. Haemoglobin (Hb) Haemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen around the body. Low haemoglobin can indicate anaemia, which may contribute to tiredness, weakness, headaches, dizziness and reduced exercise tolerance. In children with IBD, anaemia can be associated with iron deficiency, ongoing inflammation or blood loss from the bowel. White blood cells (WBCs) White blood cells help the body fight infections. An increased count can occur with inflammation, infection or certain medications, while a low count can sometimes indicate a medication-related problem. Platelets Platelets help blood clot. A higher platelet count can occur with inflammation or iron deficiency, so the result needs to be considered alongside other tests. Red blood cell measurements Tests such as MCV and MCH describe the size of red blood cells and how much haemoglobin they contain. They can help the healthcare team investigate different types of anaemia. Together, these results help the team assess your child's blood health and look for changes that may need further investigation. 🔥 C-reactive protein (CRP) CRP is a protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation. It is commonly used to help monitor inflammatory activity in children with IBD. When inflammation increases, the CRP level may rise. If treatment is working and inflammation decreases, the level may fall. Your child's gastroenterologist may compare CRP results over time to help assess how their disease is responding to treatment. However, a normal CRP does not always mean IBD is under control . Some children can have active intestinal inflammation without a significant rise in CRP. This is why CRP is interpreted alongside symptoms, other blood tests and, when appropriate, stool tests or further investigations. 🧪 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) ESR is another blood test used to look for inflammation in the body. It measures how quickly red blood cells settle in a test tube over a set period. Inflammation can change the blood's properties, causing the cells to settle more quickly. Like CRP, ESR can be raised when IBD is active. However, it is not specific to IBD and may also increase with infections and other inflammatory conditions. ESR can change more slowly than CRP, so the two tests may provide complementary information. Some children with active IBD have normal ESR and CRP results. The healthcare team will therefore consider the full picture rather than relying on one result. 🥚 Albumin and total protein Albumin is a protein made by the liver. It helps maintain fluid balance in the bloodstream and carries various substances around the body. Low albumin levels can occur in children with active IBD, particularly when inflammation is significant. Levels may also be affected by protein loss through the bowel, inadequate nutrition or certain liver and kidney conditions. Total protein measures the combined amount of several proteins in the blood, including albumin. These tests can help the healthcare team assess your child's nutritional status and overall health. They may also provide clues about disease activity, although low albumin does not automatically mean that IBD is flaring. 🩸 Iron studies and ferritin Iron deficiency is common in children with IBD. It can develop because of blood loss, reduced iron intake, problems with absorption or the effects of ongoing inflammation. Iron studies help assess your child's iron levels and iron stores. They may include: Ferritin: A measure of the body's stored iron. Serum iron: Measures the amount of iron circulating in the blood at the time of testing. Transferrin or total iron-binding capacity (TIBC): Helps assess how iron is transported in the bloodstream. Transferrin saturation: Shows the proportion of iron-binding sites occupied by iron. Ferritin is particularly useful, but it needs careful interpretation. Because ferritin can rise during inflammation, a result within the laboratory's normal range does not always rule out iron deficiency in a child with active IBD. The healthcare team considers the iron results alongside haemoglobin, other blood count measurements, inflammation markers and your child's symptoms. Treating iron deficiency can help improve energy levels and support growth and development. Depending on the severity of the deficiency and how well your child tolerates oral iron, the team may recommend dietary changes, oral supplements or an iron infusion. 🌞 Vitamin D, vitamin B12 and folate Children with IBD may be at risk of nutritional deficiencies, particularly if they have restricted diets, reduced food intake, ongoing inflammation or problems absorbing nutrients. Vitamin D Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and supports healthy bone development. It may be checked periodically, especially in children with risk factors for deficiency or concerns about bone health. Vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 is important for red blood cell production, nerve function and growth. Children with Crohn's disease affecting the end of the small intestine, or those who have had certain intestinal surgeries, may be at increased risk of deficiency. Folate Folate is needed for DNA production and the formation of healthy blood cells. Low levels can contribute to anaemia. Not every child will need all three tests at every visit. Your child's gastroenterologist or dietitian can recommend which nutritional markers should be monitored based on their individual circumstances. 🧂 Electrolytes and kidney function Blood tests may also measure electrolytes and substances that help assess kidney function. These can include sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, urea and creatinine. Electrolytes help regulate fluid balance, nerve function and muscle activity. Children who have frequent diarrhoea or vomiting can lose fluid and electrolytes, making these tests particularly useful during a flare or an episode of illness. Creatinine and other kidney-related measurements help the team assess how well the kidneys are functioning. Kidney monitoring can also be important for children taking certain IBD medications. For example, mesalazine (also called mesalamine or 5-ASA, and sold under various brand names) can rarely affect kidney function. The timing of these tests depends on your child's medication, medical history and treatment plan. 🧫 Liver function tests Liver blood tests may include measurements such as ALT, AST, GGT, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. These tests help assess liver health and can identify changes that may need further investigation. Liver test abnormalities can occur for several reasons, including medication effects, inflammation or liver and bile duct conditions that sometimes occur alongside IBD. For children taking medicines such as azathioprine or methotrexate, regular monitoring may be needed to check for possible liver-related side effects. An abnormal result does not automatically mean that a medication is causing harm. The healthcare team will consider which tests are affected, how high the results are, whether they have changed over time and whether your child has symptoms. 💊 Blood tests to monitor IBD medication Some medications used to treat IBD require specific blood tests to check for side effects or help guide treatment. Azathioprine and mercaptopurine These medicines can affect bone marrow function and liver health. Monitoring may include a full blood count and liver function tests. In some circumstances, the team may also check thiopurine metabolites. These measurements can help assess how your child processes the medication and whether the dose may need reviewing. Methotrexate Children taking methotrexate generally need monitoring that includes blood counts and liver function, with other tests as recommended by their healthcare team. Biologic medicines Some children receiving biologic treatments may have drug levels and antibodies measured. These tests can help the team understand whether enough medicine is present in the bloodstream and whether antibodies may be affecting the treatment. The exact tests depend on the medicine and the clinical situation. Blood monitoring is an important part of using these treatments safely. Your child's team will explain which tests are required and how often they should be performed. 📊 How often will my child need blood tests? There is no single schedule that applies to every child with IBD. Testing may be more frequent when your child is first diagnosed, starts a new medication, changes their treatment or experiences worsening symptoms. Once their condition is stable, some tests may be performed less frequently, although medication-specific monitoring still needs to continue. Your child's gastroenterologist will decide the appropriate schedule based on their treatment and individual risk factors. If your child takes an immunosuppressant or biologic medicine, do not assume that blood tests can be delayed simply because they are feeling well. 📉 What if my child's blood tests are normal but they still have symptoms? This is an important question. Blood tests provide useful information, but they cannot show everything that is happening inside the bowel. Some children have active intestinal inflammation despite normal CRP, ESR or other routine blood results. A child may also have symptoms for reasons other than active IBD, including infection or medication-related problems. If your child continues to experience diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bleeding, fatigue or other concerning symptoms, tell their healthcare team even if their recent blood tests were normal. Depending on the situation, the team may recommend a stool test for faecal calprotectin, tests for infection, imaging or an endoscopic assessment. Faecal calprotectin is measured in a stool sample rather than a blood sample. It helps assess inflammation in the intestines and can provide additional information when interpreted alongside symptoms and blood results. 📄 What if a result is outside the normal range? Seeing a result marked as high or low can be worrying, especially when it relates to your child. However, one abnormal result does not automatically mean their IBD is worsening or that their treatment needs to change. Results can be affected by many factors, including infections, recent illnesses, hydration, nutritional deficiencies and medication. The healthcare team will consider the result alongside previous tests, your child's symptoms, their medications and the laboratory's reference range. If you are unsure about a result, ask the IBD team to explain: What the test measures. Whether the result is significantly abnormal. Whether it has changed compared with previous tests. Whether further testing or treatment is needed. When the test should be repeated. If your child is becoming more unwell, do not wait for the blood results to be reviewed before seeking medical advice. 📝 How parents can prepare for blood tests and appointments A few simple steps can help you keep track of your child's results and make appointments more useful. Keep a record of results: Save copies of blood tests or use a health record app to track changes over time. Write down questions: Note any results you do not understand before the appointment. Record symptoms: Let the team know about changes in bowel movements, pain, energy, appetite or weight. Keep medication details up to date: Include medication names, doses and any recent changes. Ask about follow-up: Check whether additional tests are needed and when you should expect results. Understand the contact plan: Find out who to contact if a result is abnormal or your child's symptoms worsen. You do not need to interpret every result yourself. Your child's healthcare team can explain what the results mean in the context of their care. 💛 The takeaway Blood tests are an important part of monitoring Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in children. They help the healthcare team assess inflammation, identify anaemia and nutritional deficiencies, monitor organ function and check for possible medication side effects. However, blood tests are only one part of your child's care. Symptoms, growth, stool tests and other investigations may also be needed to understand how well their IBD is controlled. If you have questions about your child's results, ask their gastroenterologist or IBD nurse to explain them. Understanding what is being monitored can help you feel more informed and confident as you support your child. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like How IBD affects children's mental health Explore how IBD can affect children’s mental health, from anxiety and body image to friendships and school, and learn how to recognise emotional struggles and support your child’s wellbeing. Read More What is an MR enterography (MRE)? Learn what an MR enterography (MRE) is, why children with IBD may need this MRI scan, how to prepare, what happens during the procedure and how it helps doctors assess Crohn’s disease. Read More What is a colonoscopy? A parent's guide Learn what a colonoscopy involves for children with IBD, why it may be needed, how biopsies help doctors assess inflammation, and what parents can expect before, during and after the procedure. Read More How to prepare your child for a colonoscopy Learn how to prepare your child for an IBD colonoscopy, including bowel preparation, dietary restrictions, medications, fasting, what to pack and how to ease anxiety before the procedure. Read More

Mental Wellbeing How IBD affects children's mental health Explore how IBD can affect children’s mental health, from anxiety and body image to friendships and school, and learn how to recognise emotional struggles and support your child’s wellbeing. Living with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis can affect much more than a child's digestive system. Alongside physical symptoms, appointments and medications, children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may experience anxiety, sadness, frustration, embarrassment or worries about the future. Some children adjust well and feel confident managing their condition. Others find certain stages particularly difficult, such as receiving a diagnosis, experiencing a flare, missing school or feeling different from their friends. There is no single way for a child to respond to IBD. Understanding the emotional challenges they may face can help parents recognise when extra support is needed and remind children that they do not have to manage everything alone. 🧠 Why can IBD affect a child's mental health? IBD is a chronic condition, which means children may need ongoing treatment and monitoring even when they feel well. Living with uncertainty can be challenging, particularly when symptoms are unpredictable. Several aspects of IBD may affect emotional wellbeing. Unpredictable symptoms A child might feel well one day and experience abdominal pain, diarrhoea or urgency the next. They may worry about when symptoms will return or whether they will be able to get to a toilet in time. Pain and physical discomfort Ongoing pain, fatigue and disrupted sleep can affect mood, patience, concentration and motivation. When a child feels physically unwell, everyday activities can become more difficult. Missing out Hospital appointments, flares and recovery periods can mean missing school, sports, parties and time with friends. Children may feel frustrated or left out when they cannot participate in activities they enjoy. Loss of control Children may have limited control over their symptoms, treatment schedules and medical appointments. Depending on their age, they may also struggle to understand why they need medication or why their body behaves differently from their friends' bodies. Worries about the future Children and teenagers may wonder whether IBD will affect their growth, friendships, relationships, independence or future plans. These worries may become more noticeable as they get older and understand more about their condition. These experiences do not mean a child will necessarily develop a mental health condition. However, they can make emotional support an important part of living well with IBD. 😟 Anxiety and worry Anxiety is one of the challenges some children with IBD experience. A child may worry about having an accident at school, being unable to find a toilet, experiencing pain in public or needing to go to hospital unexpectedly. They may also feel anxious before medical appointments, blood tests, procedures or starting a new medication. You might notice that your child: Frequently asks whether their symptoms will return. Worries about being away from home or a familiar toilet. Avoids school trips, sleepovers or social activities. Becomes distressed before appointments. Needs repeated reassurance about their health. Finds it difficult to relax, even when their symptoms are settled. Some children become quiet and keep their worries to themselves, while others express anxiety through irritability, tears or anger. Try to listen without immediately dismissing their fears. Reassurance can help, but children also benefit from practical strategies, such as identifying accessible toilets, planning for school activities and knowing whom they can contact if they feel unwell. If anxiety is persistent or starts interfering with school, friendships, sleep or everyday activities, speak with your child's healthcare team about additional support. 💔 Sadness, frustration and feeling different It can be difficult for children to accept that they have a long-term health condition, particularly when their friends appear to do everyday things without thinking about them. Your child may feel frustrated about medication, tired of appointments or upset about missing activities. They may also feel angry that their body does not always behave as they expect. Some children experience periods of sadness, loneliness or grief about changes to their lives. You might hear comments such as: "Why did this happen to me?" "It's not fair." "I'm sick of having IBD." "Nobody understands what it's like." "I just want to be normal." These feelings deserve to be acknowledged rather than immediately corrected. You could respond with something like, "I understand why you're frustrated. Having IBD can be really hard, and you don't have to pretend you're okay all the time." Children need opportunities to talk about difficult feelings without worrying that they are upsetting their parents. If sadness lasts for several weeks, becomes more intense or affects your child's interest in activities they usually enjoy, consider discussing it with their healthcare team or a mental health professional. 🪞 Body image, confidence and embarrassment IBD can affect how children feel about their bodies, particularly during puberty. Some children experience changes in weight, bloating, delayed growth or puberty, scars from surgery or visible effects of treatment. Others feel embarrassed about symptoms that are difficult to discuss, such as urgency, diarrhoea, gas or needing frequent toilet breaks. These experiences can affect confidence and make children reluctant to participate in activities where they feel exposed or different. For example, your child might avoid swimming, changing clothes around other children, wearing certain outfits or attending sleepovers. You can help by: Listening without making assumptions about how they feel. Avoiding comments that place unnecessary focus on their weight or appearance. Explaining that symptoms and body changes are not their fault. Helping them find practical ways to feel more comfortable in social situations. Encouraging activities that make them feel capable and confident. Asking their healthcare team about concerns relating to growth, puberty or treatment effects. If your child is worried about how IBD affects their appearance, give them space to talk honestly. They may need reassurance, practical support or professional guidance rather than being told not to worry. 🏫 School, concentration and friendships School can be a significant source of stress for children with IBD. Symptoms, fatigue, pain and disrupted sleep may make it harder to concentrate or complete schoolwork. Frequent absences can leave children worried about falling behind, missing assessments or losing touch with friends. Some children may also feel embarrassed about asking to use the toilet, explaining their condition or requesting help from a teacher. Friendships can become complicated if a child regularly misses social activities or feels that their friends do not understand why plans sometimes change. Parents can help by working with the school to develop practical support arrangements, such as: Immediate and discreet toilet access. Flexibility with attendance and deadlines when medically necessary. A plan for catching up on essential schoolwork. Access to a trusted teacher or school counsellor. Support for participating in sport, excursions and social activities. A private way for the child to ask for help when symptoms occur. It can also help to ask your child what they want their friends and teachers to know. Some children are comfortable talking about IBD, while others prefer to keep the details private. The aim is to help your child feel supported without making them feel singled out. 😴 The connection between physical symptoms and emotions Physical and emotional health can influence each other. Pain, diarrhoea, fatigue and poor sleep can make it harder for a child to cope emotionally. Anxiety and stress can also affect how a child experiences pain and manages difficult situations. Research has found associations between IBD, anxiety and depression in children and adolescents. However, this does not mean that emotional distress causes IBD or that symptoms are imaginary. IBD is a physical inflammatory condition that requires appropriate medical care. Emotional support complements that care; it does not replace it. If your child becomes more anxious, withdrawn or irritable, consider whether physical symptoms, poor sleep, medication effects or worries about their condition may be contributing. Tell the IBD team about changes in both physical and emotional wellbeing. They can help assess whether further medical review or mental health support is needed. 🗣️ How to talk to your child about their feelings Children do not always have the words to explain what they are experiencing. Some may openly discuss their worries, while others may show distress through behaviour or withdrawal. You do not need to have the perfect response. Being available, listening and showing that you take their feelings seriously can make a meaningful difference. Choose a relaxed moment Children may find it easier to talk while walking, driving, drawing or doing another familiar activity rather than sitting down for a serious conversation. Ask open questions Try questions such as: "What's the hardest part of having IBD at the moment?" "Is there anything you're worried about this week?" "What do you wish other people understood?" "Is there anything I could do to make things easier?" Listen before offering solutions It can be tempting to fix a problem straight away. Sometimes your child simply needs you to listen and acknowledge how difficult something feels. Avoid minimising their feelings Comments such as "At least you're not in hospital" or "You need to stay positive" may unintentionally make children feel that their worries are not valid. Instead, you could say, "I can see why that upset you. Do you want to talk about it, or would you rather have some time together?" Respect their privacy Older children and teenagers may prefer to talk to someone outside the family. Where appropriate, help them access a trusted professional or another supportive adult. You can continue offering support without insisting that your child tells you everything. 🌱 Help your child feel more in control IBD can involve many things a child cannot control, but there are still opportunities to help them feel more confident and independent. Depending on their age and needs, you could encourage them to: Choose a comfort item to take to appointments. Help pack their school or hospital bag. Learn the names and purposes of their medications. Prepare questions for their gastroenterologist. Decide how much they want to tell friends about IBD. Identify a trusted adult at school. Take part in age-appropriate decisions about their care. The goal is not to make children responsible for managing their illness alone. It is to help them develop skills and confidence while knowing that adults are there to support them. Try to keep IBD from becoming the focus of every conversation. Make room for hobbies, interests, friendships and activities that help your child feel like themselves. 🧩 When might professional mental health support help? Professional support can be helpful at any stage of a child's IBD journey. You do not need to wait until things become severe before asking for help. Consider speaking with your child's gastroenterologist, paediatrician or another appropriate healthcare professional if your child: Experiences ongoing anxiety or sadness. Avoids school or activities because of fear or embarrassment. Becomes increasingly withdrawn from friends or family. Has persistent sleep difficulties related to worry. Shows major changes in mood, behaviour or appetite. Struggles to cope with diagnosis, flares or medical procedures. Expresses hopelessness or says they feel like a burden. Depending on your child's needs, support might include a psychologist, counsellor or another qualified mental health professional with experience working with children and chronic illness. A psychologist may help your child develop coping strategies, manage anxiety, process difficult experiences and build confidence. Family sessions may also help parents understand how best to support their child. If your child talks about self-harm, suicide or not wanting to be alive, take it seriously. Seek urgent professional help, and contact your local emergency service if there is immediate danger. ❤️ Supporting your child during a flare A flare can be emotionally difficult as well as physically uncomfortable. Your child may feel frightened that symptoms are returning, disappointed about cancelled plans or exhausted by the uncertainty. During these periods, try to focus on what your child needs right now rather than expecting them to maintain their usual routine. You can help by: Acknowledging that the situation is difficult. Following the medical plan provided by their IBD team. Helping them rest when needed. Keeping school expectations realistic. Staying flexible with social plans. Offering reassurance without promising how quickly symptoms will improve. Asking what would help them feel more comfortable. If symptoms worsen, contact the healthcare team as advised. Do not assume that distress or anxiety explains new physical symptoms. Once your child starts feeling better, allow them time to rebuild their confidence and return to normal activities at their own pace. 👨👩👧 Looking after the whole family IBD affects families as well as the child who has the diagnosis. Parents may experience their own anxiety, exhaustion and uncertainty. Siblings may feel worried, overlooked or confused about why family plans sometimes change. It can help to make space for everyone's feelings while being clear that your child with IBD is not to blame for the disruption the condition causes. Consider: Having regular one-to-one time with each child. Explaining IBD to siblings in an age-appropriate way. Asking family members what support they need. Sharing caring responsibilities where possible. Seeking support for yourself if the emotional pressure becomes difficult. Connecting with other families who understand life with IBD. You do not need to be calm and positive all the time. Showing your child that difficult feelings can be talked about and managed is valuable in itself. ✅ A simple plan to support your child's mental health If you're unsure where to start, focus on a few manageable steps. Check in with your child regularly without pressuring them to talk. Ask what feels hardest about IBD at the moment. Identify one practical change that could make school or social activities easier. Tell the healthcare team about ongoing emotional or behavioural changes. Make time for activities your child enjoys that are unrelated to IBD. Consider professional support if worries or sadness persist. Make sure your child knows which trusted adults they can turn to. Small, consistent actions can help your child feel understood and supported. 💛 The takeaway IBD can affect a child's mental health in many different ways, from occasional frustration and embarrassment to more persistent anxiety or sadness. Every child responds differently, and their emotional needs may change as they grow and their condition changes. Listening without judgement, helping your child feel more in control and making space for life beyond IBD can all support their wellbeing. If your child is struggling, you do not have to manage it alone. Their IBD healthcare team can help you find appropriate support so that your child receives care for both their physical and emotional health. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like What is an MR enterography (MRE)? Learn what an MR enterography (MRE) is, why children with IBD may need this MRI scan, how to prepare, what happens during the procedure and how it helps doctors assess Crohn’s disease. Read More What is a colonoscopy? A parent's guide Learn what a colonoscopy involves for children with IBD, why it may be needed, how biopsies help doctors assess inflammation, and what parents can expect before, during and after the procedure. Read More How to prepare your child for a colonoscopy Learn how to prepare your child for an IBD colonoscopy, including bowel preparation, dietary restrictions, medications, fasting, what to pack and how to ease anxiety before the procedure. Read More What blood tests are used to monitor IBD in children? Understand the blood tests used to monitor IBD in children, including inflammation markers, iron levels, vitamin deficiencies and medication safety, and learn what results can tell you about your child’s health. Read More

Managing day to day Preparing for unexpected hospital visits Learn how to prepare for unexpected hospital visits when your child has IBD, including warning signs, what to pack, medical information to bring and how to support your child during an emergency. When your child has Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, an unexpected hospital visit can be frightening and overwhelming. Even when you are familiar with IBD, it can be difficult to know what to do when symptoms suddenly worsen or your child needs urgent medical attention. You might find yourself trying to decide whether symptoms are serious enough to go to hospital, arranging transport, contacting your child's gastroenterology team and worrying about what will happen next. Although you cannot predict every emergency, having a plan in place can help you feel more prepared. Knowing what to pack, what information to bring and what to expect can make an unexpected hospital visit a little less stressful for both you and your child. 🚨 When should you take your child to hospital? Children with IBD can experience symptoms that need urgent medical assessment. It is important to know when to seek help rather than assuming every new symptom is simply part of their condition. Seek urgent medical attention if your child has: Severe or worsening abdominal pain. Significant rectal bleeding or bleeding accompanied by weakness or dizziness. Persistent vomiting or an inability to keep fluids down. Signs of dehydration, such as very little urine, a dry mouth, marked dizziness or unusual drowsiness. A swollen or distended abdomen, particularly with severe pain or vomiting. A high fever or signs that they are seriously unwell, especially if they take medication that suppresses the immune system. Fainting, confusion, difficulty breathing or another potentially life-threatening symptom. Call your local emergency number if your child appears seriously unwell or needs immediate emergency assistance. If symptoms are worsening but do not appear immediately life-threatening, contact your child's IBD team or seek urgent medical advice. They can help you decide whether your child needs to be assessed in hospital. Do not delay urgent care while trying dietary changes, waiting for a routine appointment or attempting to manage severe symptoms at home. 🎒 Keep a hospital bag ready If your child has experienced previous flares or hospital admissions, keeping a small bag prepared can save time when you need to leave quickly. You do not need to pack everything for a long stay. Focus on essentials that will make the first few hours more comfortable. Consider including: Comfortable clothing and spare underwear. Pyjamas and warm socks. A toothbrush, toothpaste and basic toiletries. Phone chargers and headphones. A favourite comfort item, book or small activity. A water bottle, if drinking is appropriate and hospital staff have not advised otherwise. Any personal hygiene supplies your child regularly uses. If your child has a stoma, include suitable appliances and supplies if readily available. Keep essential medication information and medical documents somewhere easy to find, even if you do not have time to pack a bag. Important: If your child needs emergency care, leave for hospital rather than delaying to collect belongings. You can bring additional items later. 💊 Bring a list of medications and medical information Having accurate information about your child's treatment can help hospital staff assess them and make appropriate decisions. Keep an up-to-date list containing: Your child's diagnosis and relevant medical history. Current medications, doses and usual administration times. Medication allergies and other known allergies. Recent medication changes. Known complications or previous significant reactions to treatment. Contact details for their gastroenterologist or IBD team. Any existing emergency or flare management plan. If your child takes medicines such as azathioprine, biologic therapies, corticosteroids or other immunosuppressants, make sure hospital staff know. If you have recent blood test results, stool test results or discharge summaries readily available, these may also be useful. However, do not delay seeking care to find paperwork. Bring medication packaging or prescriptions if convenient, but do not give additional doses or change their treatment without guidance from the treating team. 🩺 What might happen when you arrive? The hospital team will assess your child's symptoms, overall condition and medical history to determine what care they need. Depending on the reason for the visit, this may involve: Checking temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and hydration. Asking about abdominal pain, bowel movements, bleeding, vomiting and other symptoms. Reviewing current medications and recent treatment changes. Taking blood samples to assess inflammation, blood counts, electrolytes and other relevant markers. Requesting stool tests if an infection or another cause of symptoms needs to be investigated. Arranging imaging or other investigations if complications are suspected. Providing fluids, pain relief or other supportive treatment as appropriate. Not every child will need every test or treatment. The assessment will depend on their symptoms and what the clinicians find. If your child has severe symptoms, the team may need to investigate possible complications, such as significant dehydration, severe intestinal inflammation or bowel obstruction. 🦠 Could it be an infection rather than an IBD flare? Not every episode of diarrhoea, abdominal pain or fever in a child with IBD is caused by active inflammation. Gastrointestinal infections can produce similar symptoms, and infections may be particularly important to consider in children taking medicines that suppress the immune system. The hospital team may request stool tests or other investigations to help identify the cause. This distinction matters because treatment for an infection can differ from treatment for an IBD flare. For example, increasing immunosuppressive treatment without considering a possible infection may not be appropriate. Tell the team about recent illnesses, antibiotic use, travel and any sick contacts if you know this information. 🧪 What if your child needs blood tests or other procedures? Hospital investigations can be unsettling for children, especially if they have had difficult experiences with needles, blood tests or previous admissions. Where possible, explain what is happening in simple, honest language. You might say, “The doctors want to take some blood to help understand why you are feeling unwell. I'll stay with you while they do it.” Helpful approaches include: Bringing headphones, a favourite toy or another distraction. Asking whether a parent can stay with your child during the procedure. Letting staff know if your child has significant needle anxiety. Asking whether numbing cream or other comfort measures are appropriate. Allowing your child to ask questions or express their fears. Avoid promising that something will not hurt if you cannot be certain. Honest reassurance helps children know they can trust you. 🛏️ What if your child needs to stay in hospital? Sometimes, a hospital visit results in admission for monitoring or treatment. Your child may need intravenous fluids, medication, nutritional support, investigations or treatment for a severe flare or complication. If admission is recommended, ask the treating team to explain: Why your child needs to stay. What treatment or investigations are planned. Whether they can eat and drink normally. How their usual medication will be managed. What signs of improvement the team will look for. How you will be kept informed about progress. You can also ask about visiting arrangements, whether a parent can stay overnight and what facilities are available for carers. If your child is admitted unexpectedly, you do not need to understand everything immediately. It is okay to ask staff to explain information again or write down important details. 💚 Helping your child feel safe An unexpected hospital visit can leave children frightened, particularly if they are in pain or do not understand why they need medical care. Try to stay calm where possible and explain what is happening in age-appropriate language. You might remind them: “We're here to help you feel better.” “The doctors are working out what is making you unwell.” “You can ask questions if something worries you.” “I'll tell you what I know, and we'll ask the team about anything we're unsure of.” Give your child choices when appropriate, such as which comfort item to use or whether they would prefer to listen to music during a procedure. If your child is older, respect their privacy and involve them in discussions about their care as much as their age and circumstances allow. You cannot remove every frightening part of a hospital visit, but your presence and reassurance can help them feel less alone. 📱 Keep school and work arrangements simple An unexpected hospital visit can disrupt the whole family's routine. You may need to contact your employer, arrange care for other children or let your child's school know they will be absent. If possible, keep a short message ready that you can adapt when needed. You do not need to explain every medical detail. A simple update can let the relevant people know that your child is receiving medical care and that you will provide further information when you can. If another adult can help with transport, school pickups or practical tasks, consider contacting them once your child is receiving appropriate care. Try not to worry about catching up on everything immediately. Your child's health comes first, and work or school arrangements can often be addressed once the urgent situation is under control. 📝 Questions to ask before your child leaves hospital If your child is discharged home, make sure you understand what happens next. Before leaving, ask the treating team: What do you think caused my child's symptoms? Were any complications identified, or are further results still pending? Should any medications be started, stopped or changed? What symptoms should prompt us to return to hospital? Who should we contact if symptoms worsen? When should we follow up with our child's gastroenterologist? Are there any specific instructions about food, fluids, activity or school? Ask for written discharge instructions if available. Make sure you know how pending test results will be communicated and who is responsible for reviewing them. If something is unclear, ask before leaving. You do not need to remember every detail from a stressful conversation. 🌷 Look after yourself, too It is normal to feel shaken after an unexpected hospital visit. You may experience relief that your child is receiving care, alongside fear, exhaustion or worry about what comes next. You might also feel frustrated if you have had to cancel work, rearrange family plans or spend hours waiting for answers. Try to give yourself time to recover once the immediate situation has passed. Eat something, drink water, rest when you can and accept practical help from people you trust. If your child has repeated hospital visits, ask their IBD team whether a written flare plan or additional support could help you feel more prepared. You do not have to manage every detail perfectly during a crisis. Getting your child the care they need is the priority. ❤️ What to remember Unexpected hospital visits can be one of the most stressful parts of parenting a child with IBD. Even with experience, it can be difficult to know what will happen or how serious a new symptom might be. Having essential information ready, knowing when to seek urgent help and understanding what to ask the hospital team can make these situations a little more manageable. You cannot predict every flare or prevent every hospital visit. But you can prepare for the possibility and remind your child that they will be supported through it. You do not have to have all the answers when you arrive at hospital. You just need to take the next step to help your child get the care they need. ✅ Quick action plan Save important information: Keep an up-to-date medication list, medical history and healthcare contact details accessible. Know when to seek help: Understand your child's warning signs and when to contact their IBD team or emergency services. Prepare a small hospital bag: Keep essential comfort items and spare clothing ready if unexpected admissions are a possibility. Ask questions: Find out what investigations are planned, how treatment will be managed and what to watch for after discharge. Plan the next steps: Confirm follow-up arrangements, medication instructions and whom to contact if symptoms worsen. ❤️ Remember, you’re not alone Unexpected hospital visits can feel frightening and overwhelming, especially when your child has IBD. You don’t need to have every answer or remember every detail. Focus on getting your child the care they need, asking questions when you’re unsure, and taking things one step at a time. Being prepared can help you feel more confident, but you don’t have to prepare for every possibility. Your child’s healthcare team is there to help you navigate the unexpected. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like How IBD affects children's mental health Explore how IBD can affect children’s mental health, from anxiety and body image to friendships and school, and learn how to recognise emotional struggles and support your child’s wellbeing. Read More What is an MR enterography (MRE)? Learn what an MR enterography (MRE) is, why children with IBD may need this MRI scan, how to prepare, what happens during the procedure and how it helps doctors assess Crohn’s disease. Read More What is a colonoscopy? A parent's guide Learn what a colonoscopy involves for children with IBD, why it may be needed, how biopsies help doctors assess inflammation, and what parents can expect before, during and after the procedure. Read More How to prepare your child for a colonoscopy Learn how to prepare your child for an IBD colonoscopy, including bowel preparation, dietary restrictions, medications, fasting, what to pack and how to ease anxiety before the procedure. Read More

Tests & Procedures What is an MR enterography (MRE)? Learn what an MR enterography (MRE) is, why children with IBD may need this MRI scan, how to prepare, what happens during the procedure and how it helps doctors assess Crohn’s disease. If your child has Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, their healthcare team may recommend a scan called an MR enterography, often shortened to MRE. The name can sound complicated, especially if your child has never had this type of scan before. You might wonder why it is needed, whether it will hurt, or whether your child will need an injection or sedation. An MRE is a specialised MRI scan that takes detailed pictures of the small intestine and surrounding tissues. It can help doctors identify inflammation and other changes associated with Crohn's disease without using ionising radiation. Here's what parents need to know about why an MRE is used, how to prepare your child and what happens during the scan. 🔍 Why might a child with IBD need an MRE? Crohn's disease can affect different parts of the digestive tract, including areas of the small intestine that cannot be fully examined during a colonoscopy. An MRE helps doctors look at these areas and assess the bowel wall and surrounding tissues. Your child's gastroenterologist may recommend an MRE to: Investigate possible Crohn's disease: It can help identify areas of inflammation in the small intestine. Assess disease activity: The scan can show changes in the bowel wall that may indicate inflammation. Look for complications: It can help identify narrowing, known as a stricture, or certain complications such as fistulas and abscesses. Monitor treatment: In some circumstances, it can help assess how the bowel responds to treatment. Investigate ongoing symptoms: It may be recommended if your child has persistent pain or other symptoms that need further assessment. An MRE is particularly useful in Crohn's disease because the condition can affect deeper layers of the bowel wall and areas beyond the reach of a colonoscope. It is not usually the main test for assessing ulcerative colitis, which affects the large intestine. Your child's healthcare team will decide whether it is appropriate based on their symptoms and medical history. 🧲 What is the difference between an MRE and an MRI? An MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed pictures of structures inside the body. An MR enterography is a specialised type of MRI designed to examine the small intestine. The main difference is the preparation and technique used. During an MRE, your child will usually drink a special liquid that helps the small intestine expand so the radiologist can see the bowel more clearly. The scan may also use contrast material given through a vein to help highlight inflammation and surrounding structures. Unlike X-rays and CT scans, MRI does not use ionising radiation. This is an important consideration for children who may need repeated imaging over many years. 🥤 How do you prepare your child for an MRE? Your child's imaging department will provide specific preparation instructions. These may include fasting for a certain period before the scan and information about medicines or contrast. Preparation varies between hospitals, so follow the instructions provided for your child's appointment. Your child may need to: Stop eating for a specified period before the scan. Follow instructions about whether clear fluids are allowed. Tell the team about medications, allergies and previous reactions to contrast. Remove metal objects before entering the MRI room. Drink a prescribed amount of special oral contrast liquid at the imaging department. If your child has diabetes, kidney problems, difficulty swallowing, significant nausea or trouble drinking large volumes, tell the imaging team before the appointment. They can advise you about any special arrangements. Do not change your child's regular medication or fasting instructions without checking with the healthcare team. 🥛 What is the special drink, and why does my child need it? One of the most challenging parts of an MRE for children can be drinking the oral contrast liquid. The liquid helps fill and expand the small intestine, making it easier for the radiologist to examine the bowel wall and identify changes. Your child will usually be asked to drink the liquid over a specified period before the scan. The amount and type vary according to the hospital's protocol and your child's circumstances. The drink may have an unusual taste or texture, and some children find it difficult to finish. It can also cause temporary bloating, nausea or loose stools. You can help by explaining why the drink is needed and asking the imaging team whether it can be chilled or whether any approved options are available to make it easier to tolerate. If your child cannot finish the required amount, tell the staff rather than forcing them to continue without advice. The team can explain the available options. 💉 Will my child need an injection? Some MRE scans use a contrast agent injected into a vein through an intravenous line, often called an IV. The contrast helps the radiologist see certain tissues and identify changes associated with inflammation. Depending on the imaging protocol, your child may also receive a medicine to temporarily reduce bowel movement during the scan. This helps produce clearer images. Your child's team will explain which medicines are planned and why they are needed. An IV insertion can be uncomfortable, especially for children who are anxious about needles. Let the staff know if your child has had difficult experiences with needles or needs additional support. Tell the team about any previous reactions to MRI contrast, kidney problems, relevant medical conditions or concerns about medications before the scan begins. 🧲 What happens during an MRE? Although procedures vary between imaging centres, an MRE usually follows these steps. 1. Arriving at the imaging department The staff will check your child's details, review the preparation instructions and ask about relevant medical history, allergies and implants. 2. Drinking the oral contrast Your child will drink the prescribed liquid over the period specified by the team. Staff may check how well they are tolerating it. 3. Getting ready for the scan Your child will remove metal objects and change into suitable clothing if required. They may need to have an IV inserted for contrast or medication. 4. Lying on the scanner bed Your child will lie on a table that moves into the MRI scanner. The scanner is a large machine with a tunnel-like opening. A special coil may be positioned over their abdomen to help capture the images. 5. Holding still and following instructions The scanner makes loud tapping or knocking sounds while taking pictures. Your child may be given earplugs or headphones. The radiographer may ask your child to hold their breath briefly at certain points. Staying as still as possible helps produce clear images. 6. Finishing the scan Once the images have been taken, your child can usually get dressed and leave when the team confirms it is appropriate. The scan itself often takes around 30–60 minutes, but the full appointment can take longer because of drinking the contrast liquid, waiting and preparation. Your imaging department can give you a more accurate estimate for your child's appointment. 😟 Will an MRE hurt? An MRE is generally painless, but some parts of the experience can be uncomfortable. Your child may experience: Fullness or bloating from the oral contrast liquid. Nausea or loose stools. Discomfort from lying still for an extended period. Anxiety about the scanner's noise or enclosed space. Discomfort when an IV is inserted, if one is needed. The scan does not involve cutting or instruments being passed into the bowel. If your child is worried about enclosed spaces, tell the imaging team before the appointment. They can explain the scanner, discuss support options and advise whether any additional arrangements are appropriate. 🧒 Can parents stay with their child? This depends on the imaging centre and safety requirements. A parent may be able to accompany their child into the MRI room in some circumstances, but anyone entering the room must be screened for metal objects, implants and other MRI safety considerations. Your child may be able to communicate with the radiographer through an intercom during the scan. Ask the imaging department in advance whether you can stay nearby or accompany your child. If your child is anxious, let the team know so they can help prepare them. 😴 Will my child need sedation? Many older children and teenagers can complete an MRE without sedation, especially if they understand what will happen and can remain still during the scan. Younger children or those who find the scanner particularly distressing may need additional support. In selected cases, sedation or anaesthesia may be considered. The decision depends on your child's age, ability to remain still, medical needs and local hospital arrangements. If sedation is planned, the team will explain the preparation, fasting requirements, monitoring and recovery process. 📊 What can an MRE show? An MRE can provide detailed information about the small intestine and surrounding tissues. It may help doctors identify: Thickening of the bowel wall. Areas of inflammation. Narrowing of the intestine. Changes in how the bowel wall enhances after contrast. Some fistulas or abscesses. Other changes that may help explain your child's symptoms. The radiologist interprets the images and sends a report to your child's healthcare team. An MRE is only one part of assessing IBD. The results are considered alongside your child's symptoms, blood tests, stool tests, endoscopy findings and medical history. ⏳ How long do the results take? The radiologist needs time to review the images and prepare a report. The results may not be available immediately after the scan. Your child's gastroenterologist will explain the findings and discuss whether they affect the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment plan. Ask the team when you should expect the results and who to contact if you have not heard back within the expected timeframe. If your child has worsening symptoms while waiting for the results, contact their healthcare team rather than waiting for the report. 🏡 What happens after the scan? Most children can return to their usual activities after an MRE, unless they have received sedation or have been given different instructions. Your child may need to use the toilet more often after drinking the oral contrast liquid, and some children experience temporary bloating or loose stools. If an IV was used, staff will remove it when appropriate. If your child received sedation, follow the hospital's instructions about supervision, eating, drinking and returning to normal activities. Contact the healthcare team if your child develops concerning symptoms after the scan, particularly if they seem seriously unwell. ❓ Questions parents often ask Is an MRE safe for children? MRE does not use ionising radiation, which makes it useful for children who may need repeated imaging. However, the procedure still requires appropriate screening and preparation. Contrast agents and medicines used during the scan have their own risks, which the team can explain. Can my child eat after an MRE? Most children can return to eating and drinking after the scan unless they have been given different instructions or received sedation. Follow the advice provided by the imaging team. Is an MRE the same as a CT scan? No. Both can produce images of the bowel, but an MRE uses magnetic fields and radio waves, while a CT scan uses X-rays. The best test depends on the clinical question, urgency and your child's circumstances. Does my child need an MRE instead of a colonoscopy? Not necessarily. The tests provide different information. A colonoscopy allows doctors to examine the bowel lining directly and take biopsies, while an MRE provides images of the bowel wall and surrounding structures. Some children need both. Does having an MRE mean my child's Crohn's disease is getting worse? No. An MRE may be used during diagnosis, to monitor treatment or to investigate symptoms. Being referred for a scan does not automatically mean the disease has worsened. 💛 The takeaway An MR enterography is a specialised MRI scan that helps doctors examine the small intestine and identify changes associated with Crohn's disease. Although drinking the contrast liquid and staying still during the scan can be challenging for some children, the procedure is generally painless and does not use ionising radiation. Following the imaging department's instructions, explaining the process to your child and asking questions beforehand can help make the experience less stressful. If you are unsure why your child needs an MRE or what the results might mean, speak with their gastroenterologist or imaging team. They can explain how the scan fits into your child's individual care plan. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like What is a colonoscopy? A parent's guide Learn what a colonoscopy involves for children with IBD, why it may be needed, how biopsies help doctors assess inflammation, and what parents can expect before, during and after the procedure. Read More How to prepare your child for a colonoscopy Learn how to prepare your child for an IBD colonoscopy, including bowel preparation, dietary restrictions, medications, fasting, what to pack and how to ease anxiety before the procedure. Read More What blood tests are used to monitor IBD in children? Understand the blood tests used to monitor IBD in children, including inflammation markers, iron levels, vitamin deficiencies and medication safety, and learn what results can tell you about your child’s health. Read More What to do when your child's symptoms worsen between appointments Learn what to do when your child’s IBD symptoms worsen between appointments, including warning signs, Read More

Tests & Procedures What is a colonoscopy? A parent's guide Learn what a colonoscopy involves for children with IBD, why it may be needed, how biopsies help doctors assess inflammation, and what parents can expect before, during and after the procedure. If your child has Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, you may hear their healthcare team talk about having a colonoscopy. Your child might need one to help diagnose inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), investigate symptoms or check how well their treatment is working. It is completely understandable to have questions or feel worried when your child needs a procedure. You may wonder whether it will hurt, what the doctors are looking for and how your child will feel afterwards. This guide explains what a colonoscopy involves, why it is used in children with IBD and what you can expect before, during and after the procedure. 🩺 What is a colonoscopy? A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that allows a doctor to look inside the large intestine, also called the colon. The doctor uses a thin, flexible tube called a colonoscope . It has a small camera and light at the end, which sends images to a screen so the doctor can examine the lining of the bowel. During the procedure, the doctor may also examine the end of the small intestine, called the terminal ileum, if this is appropriate and possible. Tiny tissue samples, known as biopsies, can be taken during the examination. These samples are sent to a laboratory, where they are examined under a microscope. A colonoscopy helps doctors see changes in the bowel lining that may not be detected through blood tests or symptoms alone. 🔍 Why might a child with IBD need a colonoscopy? There are several reasons why a gastroenterologist might recommend a colonoscopy for a child. To help diagnose IBD If a child has ongoing diarrhoea, abdominal pain, blood in their stool, unexplained weight loss or other concerning symptoms, a colonoscopy can help investigate the cause. The doctor looks for signs of inflammation and takes biopsies to help distinguish Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and other conditions. A diagnosis is usually based on a combination of symptoms, blood and stool tests, endoscopy, biopsy results and sometimes imaging. To assess inflammation A colonoscopy can show whether the bowel lining is inflamed and how much of the intestine is affected. This information can help the healthcare team understand the severity and extent of your child's disease. To check how well treatment is working Even when a child feels better, there may still be inflammation in the bowel. A colonoscopy can help determine whether treatment has reduced the inflammation and whether the lining is healing. To investigate new or worsening symptoms If your child's symptoms change or their healthcare team needs more information about their condition, further investigation may be recommended. Not every flare requires a colonoscopy. The decision depends on your child's symptoms, previous results and the information the team needs. 🧪 What is the difference between a colonoscopy and an endoscopy? You may hear healthcare professionals use the terms colonoscopy , endoscopy and gastroscopy . They are related procedures, but they examine different parts of the digestive system. Colonoscopy: Examines the large intestine and sometimes the end of the small intestine. The scope enters through the anus. Upper endoscopy or gastroscopy: Examines the upper digestive tract, including the oesophagus, stomach and first part of the small intestine. The scope enters through the mouth. Combined endoscopy: Some children having an initial IBD assessment undergo both procedures during the same session, depending on the clinical circumstances. Looking at different parts of the digestive tract can help doctors understand the pattern of inflammation and determine which type of IBD is most likely. 🥣 How does a child prepare for a colonoscopy? Before a colonoscopy, the bowel needs to be emptied so the doctor can see the intestinal lining clearly. Your child's hospital will provide specific preparation instructions. These may include dietary changes, prescribed laxatives and instructions about when to stop eating and drinking. Preparation may involve: Following a low-fibre or low-residue diet for a specified period. Taking a prescribed bowel-cleansing medicine. Drinking permitted fluids to help maintain hydration. Staying close to a toilet because the preparation causes frequent bowel movements. Following fasting instructions before sedation or anaesthesia. The preparation can be one of the hardest parts for children, as it may cause bloating, cramping, nausea and repeated trips to the toilet. Follow the instructions provided by your child's hospital rather than using a general schedule. If your child cannot tolerate the preparation, vomits repeatedly or develops severe abdominal pain, contact the medical team for advice. If your child has a restricted diet, nutritional concerns or significant IBD symptoms, let the team know before preparation begins. 😴 Will my child be asleep during a colonoscopy? Children commonly receive sedation or general anaesthesia for a colonoscopy, depending on their age, medical needs and the hospital's approach. The purpose is to help your child remain comfortable and prevent them from experiencing the procedure in the usual awake way. The anaesthesia or sedation team will explain what is planned, how your child will be monitored and what to expect as they wake up. You may be able to stay with your child while they are getting ready, but arrangements vary between hospitals. Ask the team when you can be with your child and when you will see them afterwards. If your child is worried about needles, hospitals or being separated from you, let the team know beforehand. They may be able to offer extra reassurance or support. 🏥 What happens during the procedure? Although the exact process varies, a colonoscopy usually follows several steps. 1. Checking in The team checks your child's details, medical history, allergies, medications and preparation instructions. They will also confirm that the required fasting instructions have been followed. 2. Preparing for the procedure Your child changes into hospital clothing and meets the healthcare professionals involved in their care. The team explains the procedure and answers any remaining questions. 3. Giving sedation or anaesthesia Your child receives the planned medication and is monitored throughout the procedure. 4. Examining the bowel The doctor gently passes the colonoscope through the anus and into the large intestine. The camera displays images of the bowel lining on a screen. The doctor looks for inflammation, ulcers, bleeding and other changes. They may also examine the end of the small intestine. 5. Taking biopsies Small tissue samples may be taken from different areas of the bowel, even when the lining looks relatively normal. These samples help the laboratory identify microscopic changes. Taking a biopsy generally does not cause pain in the way a skin cut might, because the intestinal lining does not sense cutting in the same way as skin. 6. Recovery When the examination is complete, your child is taken to a recovery area. The team monitors them as they wake up or recover from the medication. The colonoscopy itself may be relatively short, but the overall hospital visit can take several hours because of preparation, waiting and recovery. 🔬 What are biopsies, and why are they important? A biopsy is a tiny sample of tissue taken from the bowel lining during the colonoscopy. The samples are examined by a pathologist, who looks for microscopic signs of inflammation and other changes. Biopsies can help doctors: Identify patterns of inflammation associated with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Assess the severity and distribution of inflammation. Look for changes that may not be obvious from the camera images alone. Investigate other possible causes of symptoms. Biopsies are often taken from several areas of the bowel, including areas that look normal. The samples are very small, and your child will not usually feel them being taken during the procedure because of the sedation or anaesthesia. 📋 What can a colonoscopy show? A colonoscopy can provide valuable information about your child's bowel health. The doctor may see: Redness or swelling of the bowel lining. Ulcers or areas of irritation. Bleeding or fragile tissue. Changes in the pattern or extent of inflammation. Areas where the bowel lining appears to have healed. The findings help the gastroenterologist assess the appearance of the bowel and compare it with previous examinations. However, a colonoscopy does not provide every piece of information about IBD. Crohn's disease can affect areas of the digestive tract that a colonoscope cannot reach, and additional tests or imaging may sometimes be needed. 📊 What if the colonoscopy looks normal? A normal-looking colonoscopy can be reassuring, but the doctor may still need to review the biopsy results. Microscopic inflammation can sometimes be present even when the bowel lining looks normal during the procedure. In addition, a colonoscopy only examines the areas reached by the scope. If your child's symptoms continue despite normal findings, the healthcare team may investigate other possible causes or examine other parts of the digestive tract. The results should always be interpreted alongside your child's symptoms, blood tests, stool tests and medical history. ⏳ How long does it take to get the results? You may receive an initial explanation of what the doctor saw shortly after the procedure, once your child is awake enough for the team to speak with you. However, biopsy results usually take longer because the samples must be processed and examined in a laboratory. The waiting time varies between healthcare services. Ask your child's team when the results are expected and how you will receive them. The gastroenterologist will explain what the findings mean and whether they affect your child's treatment plan. Try not to draw conclusions from the initial appearance alone. The biopsy results and other investigations may provide important additional information. 💛 Will my child feel pain afterwards? Most children recover without significant problems, although they may experience some temporary discomfort. Possible effects include: Bloating or wind caused by air introduced into the bowel during the procedure. Mild abdominal cramping. Sleepiness or tiredness after sedation or anaesthesia. A small amount of blood following biopsies in some cases. Your child may need to rest for the remainder of the day. Follow the hospital's instructions about eating, drinking, medication, activity and supervision after the procedure. Contact the hospital or seek urgent medical advice if your child develops severe or worsening abdominal pain, a swollen abdomen with significant pain, heavy or persistent bleeding, repeated vomiting, fever or signs of serious illness. Serious complications are uncommon, but they can occur. If your child appears seriously unwell, seek emergency medical care. 🧒 How can you help your child feel less worried? Even if your child has had medical procedures before, a colonoscopy can feel daunting. You can help by explaining what will happen in an age-appropriate way, giving them time to ask questions and acknowledging that feeling nervous is normal. Consider bringing a favourite comfort item, book or device if the hospital allows it. Let your child know who will be with them and explain that the medical team will look after them throughout the procedure. For teenagers, privacy, dignity and being included in discussions may be especially important. Encourage them to ask the doctor questions directly if they feel comfortable doing so. If your child has previously had a difficult experience with medical care, tell the team before the procedure so they can plan appropriate support. ❓ Questions parents often ask Is a colonoscopy safe for children? Colonoscopy is commonly performed in children when medically indicated. As with any procedure involving sedation or anaesthesia, there are risks, including bleeding, reactions to medication and, rarely, injury to the bowel. Your child's team can explain the risks relevant to their situation. Can my child eat after a colonoscopy? Many children can gradually return to drinking and eating after recovery, but the timing depends on the procedure, sedation and hospital instructions. Follow the discharge advice you receive. Will my child need another colonoscopy? Possibly. Some children need further colonoscopies to assess treatment response, investigate symptoms or monitor their disease over time. The timing depends on their individual circumstances and clinical needs. Does needing a colonoscopy mean my child's IBD is getting worse? No. Colonoscopies are used for several reasons, including diagnosis, routine assessment and checking whether treatment is working. The fact that one is planned does not automatically mean the disease has worsened. Can blood or stool tests replace a colonoscopy? Blood and stool tests are valuable for monitoring IBD, but they cannot always provide the same information as directly examining the bowel and taking biopsies. Your child's healthcare team will recommend the tests needed for their situation. ❤️ The takeaway A colonoscopy is an important tool for diagnosing and monitoring Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in children. It allows doctors to examine the bowel lining, take biopsies and gather information that helps guide treatment. It is normal to feel worried when your child needs a procedure. Understanding why it is being done, what preparation involves and what happens afterwards can help you support your child with greater confidence. If you have questions or concerns, speak with your child's gastroenterologist or endoscopy team. They can explain what to expect and help you prepare for your child's individual needs. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like What is an MR enterography (MRE)? Learn what an MR enterography (MRE) is, why children with IBD may need this MRI scan, how to prepare, what happens during the procedure and how it helps doctors assess Crohn’s disease. Read More How to prepare your child for a colonoscopy Learn how to prepare your child for an IBD colonoscopy, including bowel preparation, dietary restrictions, medications, fasting, what to pack and how to ease anxiety before the procedure. Read More What blood tests are used to monitor IBD in children? Understand the blood tests used to monitor IBD in children, including inflammation markers, iron levels, vitamin deficiencies and medication safety, and learn what results can tell you about your child’s health. Read More What to do when your child's symptoms worsen between appointments Learn what to do when your child’s IBD symptoms worsen between appointments, including warning signs, Read More

Appointments Managing appointments around school and work Practical tips for balancing your child’s IBD appointments with school and work, including scheduling, workplace flexibility, managing missed schoolwork and preparing for unexpected visits. When your child has Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, medical appointments can become a regular part of family life. Blood tests, specialist reviews, infusions, scans and procedures can mean time away from school, work and everyday responsibilities. Trying to coordinate everything can feel exhausting, especially when appointments are scheduled during school hours, your workplace has limited flexibility or your child needs extra care during a flare. With some planning, communication and support, it is possible to make appointments more manageable while helping your child keep up with learning and protecting your own work commitments. 🗓️ Plan ahead where possible Not every appointment can be planned in advance, but regular reviews and routine tests often can. When you know an appointment is coming up, add it to your family calendar as soon as the date is confirmed. Include: The appointment date, time and location. Travel time and parking arrangements. Whether your child needs to fast or prepare beforehand. Any expected recovery time. Whether you need to take a full day off work or just a few hours. Any schoolwork your child may miss. If you use a shared digital calendar, consider giving access to another trusted adult who helps with appointments or school pickups. For appointments that may take longer than expected, leave some flexibility in your schedule. Blood tests and specialist reviews can run late, and procedures may require additional recovery time. 🏥 Ask whether appointments can be scheduled around school Children with IBD often need regular monitoring, but not every appointment has to happen during the school day. When booking, explain that your child attends school and ask whether there are alternative times available. You could ask about: Early morning or late afternoon appointments. Scheduling blood tests and specialist reviews on the same day. Coordinating several appointments into one visit. School holiday appointments where clinically appropriate. Telehealth appointments when an in-person visit is not necessary. Some services have limited appointment times, and certain tests or procedures need to happen at specific times. However, it is always reasonable to ask what options are available. If your child attends a specialist hospital a long distance from home, combining appointments may reduce travel and time away from school and work. 💼 Talk to your employer about flexibility Balancing work with your child's healthcare needs can be difficult, particularly when appointments are frequent or unpredictable. If you feel comfortable doing so, consider having a conversation with your manager or human resources team about the flexibility you may need. Depending on your role and workplace, possible arrangements may include: Adjusting your start or finish time on appointment days. Making up hours at another time. Working from home when suitable. Using flexible working arrangements. Taking part of a day off rather than a full day. Swapping shifts or arranging cover in advance. You do not necessarily need to share every detail of your child's diagnosis. You can explain that your child has an ongoing medical condition that requires regular appointments and occasional unexpected absences. If you need a more formal arrangement, ask your employer what documentation or process is required. Remember: Your options will depend on your location, employment arrangements and workplace policies. Check the relevant employment rules and leave entitlements where you live. 📚 Help your child manage missed schoolwork Medical appointments can interrupt lessons, assessments and social activities. Over time, some children may worry about falling behind or feel frustrated about missing school. A simple plan with the school can make these absences easier to manage. You could: Let the school know about planned appointments in advance. Ask which lessons or assessments your child will miss. Arrange a manageable way to catch up on important work. Ask teachers to prioritise essential tasks rather than sending home everything missed. Discuss alternative assessment dates if an appointment conflicts with an exam. Keep communication open if appointments become more frequent. Your child should not have to spend every evening catching up on missed lessons, particularly if they are tired or recovering from a procedure. Work with the school to create realistic expectations that take your child's health into account. 🧒 Involve your child in the planning As children grow older, involving them in appointment planning can help them feel more prepared and in control. Depending on their age, you might: Explain why the appointment is needed. Tell them what to expect and how long it may take. Let them choose something comforting to bring. Help them identify schoolwork they may miss. Encourage them to prepare questions for their doctor. Discuss how they want to explain their absence to friends or teachers. Teenagers may have additional concerns about missing exams, sports, social events or time with friends. Where possible, consider their priorities when arranging appointments. Children should not feel responsible for managing the family's work and school arrangements. Your role is to support them while helping them gradually develop independence. 🚗 Make appointment days easier A little preparation can reduce stress on the day, particularly if you are trying to fit an appointment around work or school. Before leaving home, check whether you need to bring: Your child's medication list. Relevant medical information or recent test results. Appointment letters or referral details. Snacks and water, if permitted. Entertainment, books or headphones. A change of clothes if your child experiences urgency or accidents. Any preparation instructions or supplies required for a procedure. If your child needs to fast, follow the healthcare team's instructions carefully and ask what they can have before and after the appointment. For longer hospital visits, consider packing food for yourself as well. It is easy to forget your own needs when you are focused on your child. 📞 When appointments are unpredictable Routine appointments are one thing. Unexpected tests, urgent reviews or hospital visits can be much harder to coordinate. You may need to leave work suddenly, arrange childcare for siblings or contact the school at short notice. It can help to have a basic backup plan. Consider: Identifying a trusted person who may be able to help with school pickups or sibling care. Keeping your child's school contact details easily accessible. Knowing how to notify your workplace when an urgent appointment arises. Keeping essential medical information and medication details in one place. Asking your IBD team who to contact if symptoms change between appointments. If unexpected appointments become frequent, speak with your employer about whether a more flexible arrangement is possible. You can also ask your child's healthcare team whether appointments can be coordinated more efficiently or whether a social worker can help you explore practical support. 🌍 Understanding leave and workplace rights Your options for taking time away from work to care for your child depend on the country where you live, your employment status and your individual circumstances. Australia: Eligible employees may be able to use carer's leave under the National Employment Standards. Eligibility, paid entitlements and evidence requirements depend on the circumstances and employment arrangement. United Kingdom: Employees have certain rights to time off for dependants in emergencies, generally unpaid, and may have other options through parental leave, flexible working or workplace policies. United States: Some eligible employees may qualify for job-protected leave under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), depending on employer coverage and eligibility requirements. Paid leave may be available under certain state laws or workplace policies. Canada: Employment standards and caregiving leave provisions vary by province or territory, with some federal rules applying to federally regulated employees. New Zealand: Eligible employees may be able to use sick leave when they need to care for a dependent, subject to the relevant rules and conditions. These are general starting points, not a guarantee of eligibility. Check official government employment guidance for your location or speak with your human resources team before making decisions about leave. If you are self-employed, your options may look different. Planning ahead where possible, keeping a financial buffer if you can and asking whether appointments can be grouped together may help reduce the impact on your work. ❤️ Look after yourself, too Managing your child's appointments alongside work and family responsibilities can take a real emotional toll. You may find yourself constantly checking the calendar, worrying about missing work or feeling guilty when your child's health disrupts plans. Try to remember that medical appointments are part of caring for your child. You are not doing anything wrong when you need time away from work or have to rearrange family commitments. Where possible: Ask for help instead of managing every appointment alone. Share appointment responsibilities with another trusted caregiver. Avoid filling every available hour with work or household tasks. Allow yourself some breathing room after emotionally demanding appointments. Seek support if the ongoing pressure becomes difficult to manage. You deserve support, too. ✅ A quick action plan If appointments are becoming difficult to coordinate, start with these steps: Add upcoming appointments to a shared calendar. Ask the clinic about appointment times that minimise school and work disruption. Find out what leave or flexible working arrangements may be available to you. Agree on a simple plan with your child's school for missed lessons and assessments. Prepare a small appointment bag with essential documents and supplies. Identify someone who may be able to help when plans change unexpectedly. You don't have to organise everything perfectly. Even a few small changes can make appointment days feel more manageable. 💛 The takeaway Medical appointments are an important part of caring for a child with IBD, but they do not have to mean constant chaos for your whole family. Planning ahead, communicating with your workplace and your child's school, and asking for help when you need it can reduce some of the pressure. Some weeks will still be unpredictable, especially during a flare. On those days, focus on what matters most and remember that your child's health comes first. You are doing your best to balance a lot, and you don't have to manage it all alone. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like What to do when your child's symptoms worsen between appointments Learn what to do when your child’s IBD symptoms worsen between appointments, including warning signs, Read More Who is who on your child's IBD healthcare team? Learn who makes up your child’s IBD healthcare team, what each specialist does and who to contact for help with symptoms, medication, nutrition, emotional wellbeing and everyday care. Read More Vitamin D and IBD: what parents should know Learn why vitamin D is important for children with IBD, how deficiency can affect bone health and growth, which foods contain vitamin D, and when supplements or blood tests may be needed. Read More Preparing for unexpected hospital visits Learn how to prepare for unexpected hospital visits when your child has IBD, including warning signs, what to pack, medical information to bring and how to support your child during an emergency. Read More

Appointments Who is who on your child's IBD healthcare team? Learn who makes up your child’s IBD healthcare team, what each specialist does and who to contact for help with symptoms, medication, nutrition, emotional wellbeing and everyday care. When your child is diagnosed with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, you may suddenly find yourself meeting lots of different healthcare professionals. From gastroenterologists and nurses to dietitians and psychologists, each person has a different role in helping your child manage IBD. It can feel overwhelming trying to remember everyone's name, understand what they do and work out who to contact when you have a question. The good news is that you don't need to know everything straight away. Understanding the roles of the people involved in your child's care can help you feel more confident, know where to turn for support and make the most of your appointments. 👩⚕️ Your child's IBD gastroenterologist A gastroenterologist is a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting the digestive system, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Your child's gastroenterologist usually leads their medical care and helps develop their treatment plan. They may: Diagnose and monitor your child's IBD. Prescribe and adjust medications. Arrange investigations, such as blood tests, stool tests, endoscopies and scans. Assess whether the disease is in remission or becoming active. Monitor growth, puberty and possible complications. Coordinate care with other specialists when needed. Some children see a paediatric gastroenterologist, who specialises in digestive conditions in babies, children and teenagers. When to contact them: For questions about your child's diagnosis, treatment plan, disease activity, medication changes or ongoing symptoms. 🩺 Your IBD nurse or specialist nurse An IBD nurse is often one of the most important contacts for families. Depending on your healthcare service, they may be called an IBD clinical nurse specialist, IBD nurse coordinator or specialist nurse. They help connect the different parts of your child's care and may be easier to contact between appointments than the doctor. They may: Answer questions about symptoms and treatment. Explain medications and how to take them. Help you understand blood and stool test results. Coordinate appointments and investigations. Provide advice about what to do if symptoms worsen. Help arrange urgent assessments when necessary. Support your child as they learn to manage more of their own care. Not every hospital has a dedicated paediatric IBD nurse, and the services available can vary. When to contact them: For questions about symptoms, medication routines, test results, appointments or what to do if you think your child is flaring. Follow your team's instructions for urgent symptoms. 🥗 Your paediatric dietitian A dietitian helps make sure your child gets the nutrients they need to grow, develop and maintain their strength. IBD can affect appetite, digestion and nutrient absorption. Some children also have dietary restrictions or struggle to eat enough when they feel unwell. A dietitian may: Review your child's diet and nutritional intake. Monitor weight, growth and nutritional concerns. Help identify possible deficiencies, such as iron, calcium or vitamin D. Suggest ways to manage eating difficulties during a flare. Help your family plan balanced meals and snacks. Discuss specialised nutrition approaches when appropriate. Support your child if they avoid foods or have concerns about eating. A dietitian can also help you understand which dietary changes may be useful and which restrictions could lead to nutritional gaps. When to contact them: If your child is losing weight, struggling to eat, avoiding many foods, experiencing nutritional deficiencies or needs help meeting their nutritional requirements. 🧠 Your child's psychologist or mental health professional Living with IBD can affect a child's emotional wellbeing, friendships, confidence and sense of control. Hospital visits, unpredictable symptoms, pain and worries about having an accident can all be difficult to manage. A psychologist or other appropriately qualified mental health professional can help your child develop strategies for coping with these challenges. They may: Help your child manage anxiety and stress. Teach coping strategies for procedures and hospital visits. Support them through difficult emotions related to their diagnosis. Help with worries about school, friendships and body image. Work with your family on communication and emotional support. Help your child adjust to changes caused by IBD. Psychological support does not mean symptoms are imaginary or that stress is the cause of IBD. It recognises that physical and emotional health are connected and that children deserve support with both. When to contact them: If your child is persistently anxious, withdrawn, distressed about their condition, struggling at school or finding it difficult to cope emotionally. 🩸 Your child's paediatrician or family doctor Your child's paediatrician or family doctor may continue to provide general medical care alongside the specialist IBD team. Depending on your healthcare system, this may be your child's regular paediatrician, general practitioner (GP) or primary care doctor. They may: Manage everyday illnesses and general health concerns. Monitor growth and development. Provide routine vaccinations and preventive healthcare advice. Help assess symptoms that may be unrelated to IBD. Coordinate referrals to other specialists. Support your family with general health questions. It is helpful for your primary care doctor to know about your child's IBD and medications, particularly if your child takes medicines that affect the immune system. When to contact them: For general health concerns, routine care and illnesses outside the scope of your specialist team's advice. For suspected flares or significant new symptoms, follow your IBD team's contact plan. 💉 Your infusion or medication team Some children receive biologic medicines or other treatments through infusions or injections. Depending on the treatment and hospital, a specialist nurse, infusion nurse or day treatment team may help administer and monitor these medicines. They may: Arrange and administer infusions. Check your child before, during and after treatment. Monitor for infusion reactions or other immediate problems. Explain how to prepare for treatment. Provide instructions for medicines given at home. Help coordinate treatment appointments. The team may also explain what to expect during an infusion and what symptoms to report afterwards. When to contact them: For questions about infusion appointments, treatment preparation, injection technique or symptoms related to treatment. For severe or rapidly worsening symptoms, seek urgent medical care rather than waiting for a reply. 🧪 The laboratory and diagnostic team Your child's care may involve laboratory staff, radiologists, endoscopy teams and other professionals who help investigate and monitor IBD. You may not meet all of these people directly, but their work provides important information for your child's healthcare team. They may be involved in: Blood tests that check for anaemia, inflammation and nutritional deficiencies. Stool tests that assess inflammation or look for infections. Imaging, such as ultrasound or MRI. Endoscopy and colonoscopy procedures. Monitoring how well treatment is working. Your gastroenterologist or IBD nurse will usually explain why a test is needed and what the results mean. Some results may be available before your next appointment, while others require more time or specialist interpretation. When to contact your team: If you are unsure why a test has been ordered, when results will be available or whom to contact about a result. 🏥 Other specialists your child may see Some children need additional specialists depending on their symptoms, treatment or complications. These may include: A colorectal surgeon: Provides advice about surgical options if surgery becomes necessary. A pharmacist: Helps explain medications, dosing, possible interactions and safe medicine use. An endocrinologist: Assesses certain growth, puberty, hormone or bone-related concerns. A dermatologist: Helps manage skin conditions that may occur alongside IBD or as a medication-related problem. An ophthalmologist: Assesses eye problems, including inflammation that can sometimes be associated with IBD. A rheumatologist: Helps assess joint pain or inflammatory conditions affecting the joints. A social worker: Helps families navigate practical, emotional, financial or social challenges associated with illness and hospital care. Not every child will need these specialists. Your child's gastroenterologist can help determine whether a referral is appropriate. 🏫 What about support outside the hospital? Your child's healthcare team may also work with people who support them in everyday life. Depending on your child's needs, these may include: School staff: Teachers, school nurses, counsellors or learning support staff who help with toilet access, fatigue, absences and learning adjustments. A school counsellor: Provides support with worries, friendships or emotional difficulties at school. A community nurse: May provide additional nursing support where this service is available. A patient support organisation: Offers reliable information, peer support, education sessions or family programs. These people do not replace your child's medical team, but communication between home, school and healthcare professionals can make day-to-day life easier. Only share the medical information that is necessary, and involve your child in decisions about sharing information as appropriate for their age and understanding. 📞 Who should you contact if your child is unwell? One of the most useful things you can do is ask your IBD team for a clear plan explaining who to contact when symptoms change. In general: Questions about ongoing symptoms or a possible flare: Contact your IBD nurse or gastroenterology team using their recommended contact method. Medication questions: Contact the relevant specialist, IBD nurse or pharmacist. General illnesses: Contact your family doctor or paediatrician when appropriate, while keeping your IBD team informed if the illness may affect treatment. Urgent or severe symptoms: Seek urgent medical assessment. Do not wait for a routine appointment or an email reply. Seek urgent medical care if your child has severe or worsening abdominal pain, significant bleeding, repeated vomiting, a swollen abdomen, fainting, signs of severe dehydration or appears seriously unwell. Follow any specific emergency instructions given by your child's healthcare team. If you are unsure how serious a symptom is, contact your local urgent medical advice service or seek an assessment. 📝 How to make the most of your child's healthcare team You don't need to remember every detail from every appointment. A few simple habits can help you feel more organised. Keep a contact list Save the names, roles and contact details of your child's key healthcare professionals. Include the usual contact method and what to do outside office hours. Keep a current medication list Record medication names, doses, schedules and any known allergies or previous reactions. Update the list whenever treatment changes. Write down questions before appointments It is easy to forget questions when you're worried or trying to take in lots of information. Keep a running list on your phone or in a notebook. Ask who is coordinating care Find out who your main contact is and whether there is an IBD nurse or coordinator who can help direct questions to the right person. Bring information from other healthcare professionals If your child sees multiple specialists, ask how their recommendations will be shared. Keep copies of important results or letters when useful. Help your child build confidence As your child gets older, encourage them to ask questions and understand their treatment. You can still advocate for them while gradually helping them take part in decisions about their care. ❤️ Remember, you are part of the team too As a parent or carer, you know your child better than anyone else. You often notice changes in their appetite, energy, mood, symptoms and everyday behaviour before anyone else does. Your observations are valuable, and you have every right to ask questions when something doesn't seem right. You don't need to manage every aspect of IBD on your own. Your child's healthcare team is there to provide medical care, answer questions and help you navigate the challenges that may arise. If you're unsure who to contact, start with your child's IBD nurse or gastroenterology team and ask them to point you in the right direction. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Managing appointments around school and work Practical tips for balancing your child’s IBD appointments with school and work, including scheduling, workplace flexibility, managing missed schoolwork and preparing for unexpected visits. Read More Vitamin D and IBD: what parents should know Learn why vitamin D is important for children with IBD, how deficiency can affect bone health and growth, which foods contain vitamin D, and when supplements or blood tests may be needed. Read More Preparing for unexpected hospital visits Learn how to prepare for unexpected hospital visits when your child has IBD, including warning signs, what to pack, medical information to bring and how to support your child during an emergency. Read More Preparing for family holidays with IBD Practical tips for planning a family holiday with IBD, including medication, travel insurance, toilet access, food, managing symptoms and preparing for unexpected flares. Read More

Gut Health & Wellbeing Vitamin D and IBD: what parents should know Learn why vitamin D is important for children with IBD, how deficiency can affect bone health and growth, which foods contain vitamin D, and when supplements or blood tests may be needed. Vitamin D plays an important role in children's growth, bone health and immune function. For children and teenagers living with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, getting enough vitamin D is particularly important because IBD can increase the risk of vitamin D deficiency. But why does vitamin D matter for children with IBD? Can low levels affect their condition, and should they take a supplement? Here's what parents need to know. 🦴 Why is vitamin D important? Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium, which is essential for building and maintaining strong bones and teeth. It also supports normal muscle function and plays a role in the immune system. During childhood and adolescence, bones are still developing and growing. Getting enough vitamin D and calcium helps children build healthy bones and achieve their full growth potential. This is especially important for children with IBD, who may have additional risk factors for poor bone health, including inflammation, nutritional deficiencies and certain medications. 🩺 Why are children with IBD at greater risk of vitamin D deficiency? Several factors can contribute to low vitamin D levels in children with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Reduced absorption Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, meaning it is absorbed alongside dietary fat. Inflammation affecting the small intestine, particularly in Crohn's disease, can interfere with nutrient absorption in some children. Reduced food intake During a flare, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhoea or a reduced appetite may make it harder for a child to eat enough foods containing vitamin D. Less time outdoors Children who feel unwell or experience fatigue may spend less time outside. Since the body produces vitamin D when skin is exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight, reduced exposure can contribute to low levels. Inflammation and disease activity Chronic inflammation may be associated with lower vitamin D levels. Research has found that vitamin D deficiency is common in people with IBD, although it is not always clear whether low levels contribute to disease activity or result from the illness and its effects. Certain medications Corticosteroids, such as prednisolone, can affect bone health, particularly when used repeatedly or for extended periods. Children taking these medicines may need closer attention to vitamin D and calcium intake. 🦴 Can low vitamin D affect bone health? Yes. Vitamin D deficiency can reduce calcium absorption and, when severe or prolonged, contribute to weakened bones. Children with IBD may already be at increased risk of reduced bone mineral density because of inflammation, poor nutrition, delayed puberty, reduced physical activity or corticosteroid use. Over time, inadequate vitamin D can contribute to problems with bone mineralisation. In severe cases, deficiency can cause rickets in children, a condition that affects normal bone development. The good news is that identifying and treating a deficiency can help support healthy bone development. 🧬 Does vitamin D affect IBD inflammation? Vitamin D has attracted considerable research interest because it plays a role in regulating immune function and maintaining the gut barrier. Some studies have found that people with IBD who have lower vitamin D levels tend to have more active disease. Other research suggests that correcting a deficiency may be associated with improvements in certain measures of disease activity. However, these findings do not prove that low vitamin D causes flares or that taking extra vitamin D will bring IBD into remission. Vitamin D is not a replacement for prescribed IBD medication. It is best viewed as an important part of supporting your child's overall health, especially when a deficiency is present. Researchers are still investigating whether vitamin D supplementation has additional benefits for controlling inflammation in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. 🧪 Should my child have their vitamin D levels checked? It's worth discussing vitamin D testing with your child's gastroenterologist, particularly if your child has risk factors for deficiency. A blood test measuring 25-hydroxyvitamin D , often written as 25(OH)D, is used to assess vitamin D status. Testing may be particularly relevant if your child: Has Crohn's disease affecting the small intestine or has had intestinal surgery. Has ongoing diarrhoea, poor food intake or concerns about nutrient absorption. Has a history of low vitamin D levels. Takes corticosteroids or has other risk factors for poor bone health. Has reduced growth, delayed puberty or concerns about bone health. Lives in a region or has a lifestyle that limits effective sunlight exposure. Your child's healthcare team can decide whether testing is needed and how often levels should be monitored. The appropriate testing schedule depends on your child's individual circumstances. 🥚 Which foods contain vitamin D? Food can contribute to vitamin D intake, although it may be difficult to meet all requirements through diet alone. Useful sources include: Oily fish: Salmon, sardines, trout and mackerel. Eggs: The yolk contains vitamin D. Fortified foods: Some milk alternatives, dairy products, breakfast cereals and spreads have vitamin D added. Check the nutrition label, as fortification varies between brands and countries. UV-exposed mushrooms: Some mushrooms contain vitamin D, particularly when exposed to ultraviolet light. If your child avoids dairy, fortified plant-based drinks may help provide vitamin D and calcium. Choose products that are suitable for your child's age and dietary needs, and check the labels because not all alternatives are fortified. For children with restricted diets or ongoing digestive symptoms, a paediatric dietitian can help identify nutritional gaps. 💊 Should children with IBD take a vitamin D supplement? Some children with IBD need a vitamin D supplement, particularly if blood tests show a deficiency or their healthcare team identifies an increased risk. The appropriate dose depends on your child's age, current vitamin D level, diet, medical history and whether the supplement is intended to prevent deficiency or treat an existing deficiency. Your child's gastroenterologist or dietitian can recommend a suitable product and dose. Avoid giving high-dose vitamin D without medical guidance. Vitamin D is fat-soluble, which means the body can store it. Taking excessive amounts over time can cause vitamin D toxicity and dangerously high calcium levels, potentially damaging the kidneys and other organs. It's also important to check whether vitamin D is already included in your child's multivitamin or calcium supplement to avoid accidentally doubling up. 🥛 What about calcium? Vitamin D and calcium work together to support healthy bones. Even if your child has adequate vitamin D levels, they still need enough calcium in their diet. Children who avoid dairy may obtain calcium from fortified plant-based drinks, calcium-set tofu, selected fish eaten with their edible bones, and other calcium-rich foods. The amount of calcium a child needs depends on their age. If your child has dietary restrictions, poor appetite or concerns about growth, ask their dietitian to review their calcium intake alongside their vitamin D status. ☀️ Can sunlight provide enough vitamin D? The body can produce vitamin D when skin is exposed to UVB radiation. However, the amount produced varies depending on factors such as location, season, time of day, skin pigmentation, clothing and time spent outdoors. There is no single sunlight exposure recommendation that is appropriate for every child worldwide. Sun protection remains important, particularly in regions with high UV levels. Don't deliberately expose your child to excessive sunlight or allow sunburn in an attempt to increase vitamin D. If sunlight exposure is limited or deficiency is a concern, discuss safer ways to meet their needs with their healthcare team. ✅ What parents can do You don't need to manage vitamin D alone. A few practical steps can help you support your child's nutritional needs. Ask about vitamin D: Discuss whether your child needs a blood test based on their IBD history and risk factors. Review their diet: Include vitamin D-containing foods where practical and check whether fortified foods are suitable. Check their supplements: Look at labels to see how much vitamin D your child already receives. Ask about calcium: Make sure their overall intake supports healthy bone development, especially if they avoid dairy. Keep up with follow-up care: Discuss growth, puberty, nutrition and bone health during IBD appointments. Seek individual advice: Ask your child's gastroenterologist or dietitian before starting a high-dose supplement. ❤️ The takeaway Vitamin D is an important part of supporting healthy bones, growth and immune function in children with IBD. Because these children may be more vulnerable to deficiency, it's worth discussing their vitamin D status with their healthcare team. A balanced diet, appropriate supplementation when needed, and regular nutritional monitoring can help support your child's health as they grow. Vitamin D alone won't treat IBD, but addressing deficiencies is one practical way to look after their wellbeing. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Preparing for unexpected hospital visits Learn how to prepare for unexpected hospital visits when your child has IBD, including warning signs, what to pack, medical information to bring and how to support your child during an emergency. Read More Preparing for family holidays with IBD Practical tips for planning a family holiday with IBD, including medication, travel insurance, toilet access, food, managing symptoms and preparing for unexpected flares. Read More Managing work when your child has IBD Practical advice for balancing work and caring for a child with IBD, including flexible working, leave entitlements, managing appointments and coping with unexpected flares. Read More Managing school mornings when your child has IBD Practical tips for managing school mornings when your child has IBD, from handling symptoms and anxiety to creating flexible routines and knowing when to keep them home. Read More

Managing day to day Preparing for family holidays with IBD Practical tips for planning a family holiday with IBD, including medication, travel insurance, toilet access, food, managing symptoms and preparing for unexpected flares. Family holidays are an opportunity to relax, spend time together and make memories. But when your child has Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, planning a trip can involve a few extra considerations. You might worry about whether your child will feel well enough to travel, how you will manage toilet urgency on a long journey, or what will happen if they experience a flare while you are away from home. These concerns are understandable. IBD can be unpredictable, and travelling somewhere unfamiliar may feel daunting when you are responsible for your child's health. The good news is that having IBD does not automatically mean your family needs to miss out on holidays. With some preparation, a flexible itinerary and a plan for managing symptoms, you can help make travelling more comfortable for everyone. 🗓️ Start planning early If you are planning a holiday, especially an international trip, start thinking about your child's medical needs well in advance. Contact your child's gastroenterology team several weeks before departure. They can help you consider whether your child is well enough to travel, whether any vaccinations or medication arrangements are needed, and what to do if symptoms worsen while you are away. This is particularly important if your child takes immunosuppressive medication, receives biologic treatment, needs medication that must be refrigerated or has recently experienced a flare. Before booking or finalising your plans, consider: How stable your child's symptoms have been recently. Whether they have upcoming appointments or treatments. How easily you could access medical care at your destination. Whether the accommodation has convenient toilet access. How long the journey will take and whether breaks are possible. Whether your travel insurance covers your child's pre-existing condition. You do not necessarily need to choose a destination close to home. The aim is to understand your child's needs and make informed decisions about the trip. 🩺 Check that your child is ready to travel There is no single rule about when a child with IBD can travel. The decision depends on their health, symptoms, treatment and the type of holiday you are planning. If your child is feeling well and their condition is stable, travel may be straightforward with appropriate preparation. If they have recently experienced a flare, are having frequent diarrhoea, have significant abdominal pain or are struggling with fatigue, speak with their gastroenterologist before travelling. Your child's team can help you assess the risks and decide whether any adjustments are needed. If your child becomes seriously unwell shortly before departure, seek medical advice rather than feeling that you must continue with the original plans because the holiday has already been paid for. 💊 Organise medication before you leave Running out of medication while away from home can create unnecessary stress. It is worth organising your child's medication well before your departure date. Your preparation checklist should include: Packing enough medication for the entire trip, plus extra where possible in case of delays. Keeping medication in its original packaging with pharmacy labels. Carrying copies of prescriptions and a medication list. Asking the treating team for a medical letter if needed. Checking the rules for bringing medication into your destination country. Confirming how medication should be stored during the journey. Planning how and when medication will be taken if you cross time zones. Keep essential medication in your carry-on luggage rather than relying on checked baggage. If your child uses injectable medication, check the airline's requirements for carrying needles, cooling equipment and medical supplies. Some medicines require refrigeration or have specific temperature limits. Ask your pharmacist or treating team how to transport and store them safely. Do not assume that every medicine can be kept in a standard cooler bag for the same length of time. Do not change or skip medication doses to make travelling easier without advice from your child's healthcare team. 🧳 Pack an IBD travel kit Having essential supplies close at hand can help you manage unexpected symptoms without having to search through your luggage. Consider packing a small, discreet bag containing: Spare underwear and a change of clothes. Toilet paper and gentle wipes. Sealable bags for soiled clothing. Hand sanitiser. Any skin-care products your child uses. Prescribed medicines and essential medical supplies. Oral rehydration solution, if recommended for your child. A list of emergency contacts and relevant medical information. If your child has a stoma, make sure you pack enough appliances and supplies for the entire trip, with extras in case of delays. Keep the kit somewhere accessible, such as your day bag or carry-on luggage, rather than at the bottom of a suitcase. You can also let your child help pack their own supplies if they are old enough. This can give them a sense of control and help them feel more prepared. 🚽 Plan for toilet access For many families, knowing where the toilets are is one of the most important parts of travelling with IBD. Toilet urgency can be stressful, especially when your child is on a plane, travelling on a bus or exploring an unfamiliar place. A little planning can make a difference. For flights Consider an aisle seat or a seat near the toilet if this suits your child. Check the airline's seating and boarding options. Allow plenty of time for airport toilets before boarding. Keep spare clothes and essential supplies in your carry-on. Contact the airline in advance if you need assistance or have questions about medical supplies. For road trips Identify service stations, rest areas and public toilets along your route. Allow extra time for unplanned stops. Keep your travel kit within reach. Avoid making your child feel guilty about needing another bathroom break. For sightseeing and attractions Look up toilet locations before you arrive. Ask about accessible facilities or medical assistance arrangements. Plan shorter activities with opportunities to stop and rest. Keep your itinerary flexible enough to accommodate symptoms. seful resources include the Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation's travel guidance and the Crohn’s & Colitis UK guide to travelling with Crohn’s or colitis . 🏨 Choose accommodation that suits your family The right accommodation can make a holiday feel much more manageable. Depending on your child's needs, you might prefer somewhere with a private bathroom, easy access to restaurants or shops, a kitchen, or the ability to rest between activities. Consider whether your child would benefit from: A room close to the bathroom. A self-catering apartment where familiar meals can be prepared. Accommodation near medical facilities. A swimming pool or quiet space for relaxed activities. Flexible booking arrangements in case plans change. You do not need to choose the most expensive accommodation or plan every detail around IBD. Focus on the features that would make your family feel comfortable and supported. 🍽️ Think about food and drinks Trying new foods can be one of the enjoyable parts of travelling, but unfamiliar meals and changes to eating routines may be challenging for some children with IBD. There is no universal IBD travel diet. Your child may be able to eat a wide variety of foods, while another child may need more careful planning because of symptoms, food intolerances or nutritional needs. Before you travel, consider: Bringing familiar snacks for the journey. Checking whether suitable meals will be available at your accommodation. Identifying restaurants that can accommodate any dietary requirements. Drinking safe water at your destination. Following destination-specific food and water safety advice. Packing appropriate snacks if meals may be delayed. If you are travelling somewhere where foodborne infections are more common, discuss precautions with your child's healthcare team. This is particularly important if your child takes medication that suppresses their immune system. Avoid introducing a highly restrictive diet simply because you are travelling. Your child still needs adequate energy and nutrients, and unfamiliar environments can already make eating more difficult. 🛡️ Arrange appropriate travel insurance Travel insurance is especially important when a child has a chronic medical condition. Before purchasing a policy, check whether it covers your child's pre-existing IBD and any related complications. Some policies exclude pre-existing conditions unless they are specifically assessed and accepted by the insurer. Ask about coverage for: Emergency medical treatment. Hospital stays and specialist consultations. Prescription medication. Medical evacuation or repatriation, where relevant. Trip cancellation or interruption because of a medical condition. Read the policy wording carefully and answer medical screening questions accurately. Do not assume that a policy covers IBD simply because it provides general medical coverage. If you are travelling internationally, check whether your usual health insurance provides any coverage abroad. Do not rely on reciprocal healthcare arrangements or public healthcare access without confirming what is covered for your family. 🌍 Check vaccinations and destination-specific health advice Depending on where you are travelling, your child may need vaccinations or other preventive measures. Speak with your child's healthcare team or a travel medicine specialist well before departure. Some vaccines need to be given weeks before travel, and certain live vaccines may not be suitable for people taking particular immunosuppressive medicines. Do not arrange or skip vaccinations based on general online advice alone. Recommendations depend on your destination, your child's treatment and their medical history. It is also useful to check: Local healthcare services and emergency numbers. Whether your child's medication is permitted in the destination country. Any required documentation for medicines or injection equipment. Local food and water safety recommendations. Whether your destination has any specific health risks relevant to your child. 📄 Prepare a medical information folder Having your child's essential medical information available can make it easier to seek help if needed. Consider keeping digital and paper copies of: Their diagnosis and relevant medical history. Current medication names and doses. Known allergies. Contact details for their gastroenterologist. Copies of prescriptions. A medical letter, if appropriate. Travel insurance details and emergency contacts. A written plan explaining what to do if symptoms worsen. If you are travelling to a country where you do not speak the local language, a translated summary of important medical information may be useful. You do not need to carry every medical record your child has ever had. Focus on the information a healthcare professional may need to provide appropriate care. 🌦️ Make room for flexibility It can be tempting to plan every day carefully so that you get the most out of your holiday. However, a packed itinerary can become stressful if your child is tired, uncomfortable or needs frequent toilet breaks. Try to build in time for rest and allow activities to be changed or cancelled without making your child feel responsible for disappointing everyone. You might plan one main activity each day, with optional extras if everyone feels well. For example, you could visit an attraction in the morning and keep the afternoon free for swimming, reading or relaxing at your accommodation. If your child has a difficult day, remember that resting is not a wasted holiday. A quieter day may help them feel more comfortable and allow the family to enjoy the rest of the trip. 💚 Help your child feel included in the planning Children with IBD may have their own worries about travelling. They might be embarrassed about needing the toilet frequently, anxious about being away from their usual healthcare team or worried about becoming unwell in front of other people. Ask your child what would help them feel more comfortable. Depending on their age, they could help choose activities, identify toilets, pack supplies or decide what they want to tell others about their condition. Try to avoid making every conversation about symptoms or potential problems. Your child should have the opportunity to look forward to the holiday, too. You can prepare for challenges while still focusing on the things your family is excited to do. 🚨 Know what to do if your child becomes unwell Before leaving, ask your child's gastroenterologist for advice about what to do if symptoms worsen during the trip. Make sure you know whom to contact, where to seek medical care and which symptoms require urgent assessment. Seek urgent medical attention if your child develops severe or worsening abdominal pain, significant bleeding, persistent vomiting, signs of dehydration, fainting or other symptoms that concern you. Follow any emergency instructions provided by their healthcare team. If your child has a fever or develops significant diarrhoea while travelling, particularly if they take immunosuppressive medication, seek medical advice promptly. Do not assume that new symptoms are simply an IBD flare. Infections and other conditions can cause similar symptoms, and appropriate assessment is important. If you need medical care during the trip, tell the clinician about your child's IBD, medications and recent travel history. ❤️ Remember that holidays do not have to be perfect Preparing for a family holiday when your child has IBD can involve more planning than you might have expected. There may be medication schedules to organise, toilets to locate and extra supplies to pack. But IBD does not have to define every part of your family's experience. You may need to adapt your plans, allow more rest or change an activity at short notice. That does not mean the holiday has failed. Focus on what will help your child feel safe and comfortable, prepare for the most likely challenges and leave room for the unexpected. The goal is not to plan a holiday where nothing goes wrong. It is to help your family feel prepared enough to enjoy the time together, even when plans need to change. ✅ Quick action plan: preparing for your holiday Several weeks before: Speak with your child's IBD team about fitness to travel, medication, vaccinations and an emergency plan. Before booking or departure: Check travel insurance, medication rules and access to healthcare at your destination. A few days before: Pack medication, medical documents, extra supplies and a toilet emergency kit. Before each travel day: Check the route, toilet access, meal options and any important medication timings. During the holiday: Keep plans flexible, monitor how your child is feeling and seek medical advice if symptoms worsen. This article provides general educational information for parents worldwide. Travel and medical recommendations depend on your child's individual health, treatment and destination. Consult your child's healthcare team before travelling, particularly if their symptoms are active or their treatment affects their immune system. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Preparing for unexpected hospital visits Learn how to prepare for unexpected hospital visits when your child has IBD, including warning signs, what to pack, medical information to bring and how to support your child during an emergency. Read More Managing work when your child has IBD Practical advice for balancing work and caring for a child with IBD, including flexible working, leave entitlements, managing appointments and coping with unexpected flares. 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Managing day to day Managing school mornings when your child has IBD Practical tips for managing school mornings when your child has IBD, from handling symptoms and anxiety to creating flexible routines and knowing when to keep them home. School mornings can be challenging for any family, but when your child has Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, they can bring extra uncertainty. Your child might wake up with abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fatigue or an urgent need to use the toilet. They may be worried about getting through the school day, embarrassed about their symptoms or simply too exhausted to get out of bed. As a parent, you might find yourself weighing up whether they are well enough to attend school, trying to keep everyone on schedule and worrying about what will happen once they leave home. Some mornings will go smoothly. Others may feel overwhelming before the day has even begun. Having a flexible routine, a plan for difficult mornings and good communication with your child's school can help make the start of the day more manageable. 🕒 Why can school mornings be particularly difficult? IBD symptoms do not always follow a predictable schedule. Your child might feel reasonably well one day and struggle the next, even when they are following their treatment plan. Several factors can make mornings harder: Urgency and diarrhoea: Your child may need to use the toilet several times before leaving home. Abdominal pain: Discomfort can make getting dressed, eating breakfast or travelling to school difficult. Fatigue: Poor sleep, active inflammation, anaemia or other effects of IBD can leave your child exhausted. Anxiety: Worry about having an accident, finding a toilet or managing symptoms at school can make it harder to leave home. Medication and appointments: Treatment routines, side effects or early appointments may disrupt the usual morning schedule. School pressures: Tests, presentations, social worries or catching up on missed work may make attending feel more difficult. Sometimes, several of these factors occur together. Your child may not be able to explain exactly why they are struggling, particularly when they are tired or uncomfortable. Rather than assuming they are being difficult or refusing to cooperate, try to understand what is making that particular morning hard. 🌙 Prepare the night before One of the easiest ways to reduce morning pressure is to move a few tasks to the evening. You could try: Choosing clothes and setting them out. Packing school bags, books and any required supplies. Preparing a lunchbox or planning breakfast. Checking the next day's timetable for PE, excursions, tests or other activities that might need extra preparation. Making sure any school medication arrangements are in place. Agreeing on a simple plan for what to do if symptoms occur in the morning. If your child uses a toilet kit or keeps spare clothes at school, check that everything is ready to go. Try to keep these preparations manageable. The goal is to remove unnecessary decisions, not to add another long list of tasks to an already busy evening. ⏰ Build a flexible morning routine A predictable routine can help children feel more secure, especially when they are worried about how their symptoms might affect the day. However, a rigid schedule may add pressure if your child needs extra time in the bathroom or is feeling unwell. Consider building in a little extra time for: Waking up and getting dressed. Using the toilet without feeling rushed. Eating breakfast or having a drink. Taking prescribed medication according to their treatment plan. Gathering belongings and leaving home. It can also help to decide which tasks are essential and which can wait. For example, if your child is having a difficult morning, getting dressed, taking necessary medication and contacting the school may matter more than having a full breakfast or completing an optional task. Keep the routine consistent where possible, but allow room for symptoms and changing needs. 🚽 When your child needs the toilet repeatedly Repeated bathroom trips can quickly disrupt the morning, particularly if your child has diarrhoea or urgency. It can be tempting to encourage them to hurry because you are worried about being late. However, rushing or making them feel guilty about needing the toilet may increase their distress. Instead, try to remain calm and give them the time they need. You might say, “Take the time you need. We'll work out the school part afterwards.” If toilet urgency is regularly making it difficult to get to school, let your child's IBD team know. They can help assess whether symptoms are related to active inflammation, medication effects or another cause. Do not assume that frequent diarrhoea is simply part of your child's normal routine, particularly if it is new or worsening. 💬 What should you say when your child doesn't want to go? Some children become distressed at the thought of going to school when they are experiencing symptoms. They may worry about pain, accidents, embarrassment or not being able to access a toilet quickly. Before deciding what to do, try to understand what is behind their reluctance. You could ask: “What feels hardest about going to school today?” “Are you worried about your tummy, or is something happening at school?” “What would help you feel more comfortable if you went?” “Would you like to talk through a plan together?” If your child is anxious, acknowledge the worry rather than dismissing it. For example, you might say, “I understand why you're worried about needing the toilet at school. Let's think about what we can put in place to help.” If your child is physically unwell, they may need rest or medical advice rather than encouragement to push through. The aim is to help your child feel heard while making a thoughtful decision about whether attending school is appropriate that day. 🏫 Decide whether your child is well enough for school One of the hardest parts of parenting a child with IBD is deciding when to encourage normal activities and when to let them rest. There is no single rule that works for every child. The decision depends on their symptoms, overall condition, medical advice and ability to participate safely and comfortably. Consider the following: They feel tired but otherwise reasonably well. If fatigue is mild and your child can participate, attending school with appropriate support or a shorter day may be possible. Discuss recurring fatigue with their healthcare team. They have mild, familiar symptoms. Your child's established care plan may help you decide whether they can attend with adjustments, such as unrestricted toilet access or permission to contact you. They have significant or worsening symptoms. Frequent diarrhoea, substantial abdominal pain, repeated vomiting or symptoms that prevent them from functioning comfortably may mean they need to stay home and receive medical advice. They appear seriously unwell. Seek urgent medical assessment for severe or worsening abdominal pain, significant bleeding, dehydration, fainting or other concerning symptoms. Follow your child's emergency care instructions if they have one. If your child is missing school frequently because of symptoms, contact their IBD team. Repeated absences may indicate that their disease, fatigue, nutritional status or emotional wellbeing needs further assessment. 📱 Let the school know when plans change If your child is going to be late or absent, a short message to the school can reduce pressure on both of you. You do not need to explain every symptom or share private medical details with everyone. Agree with your child, where appropriate, on what information should be shared and who needs to know. It can help to have a familiar contact person at school, such as a class teacher, school nurse, pastoral care staff member or learning support coordinator. If mornings are regularly difficult, ask the school about practical adjustments, such as: Flexible arrival times when medically necessary. Immediate access to toilets. A quiet place to rest if symptoms develop. A plan for contacting you if your child becomes unwell. Support with missed work and deadlines. A gradual return to school after a flare or hospital admission. The exact arrangements will depend on your child's needs and the school's policies and local education system. 🎒 Keep a small school emergency kit ready Having essential supplies ready can reduce anxiety about unexpected symptoms. Depending on your child's age and needs, a discreet kit might contain: Spare underwear and clothing. Tissues and gentle wipes. A sealable bag for soiled clothing. Hand sanitiser, where appropriate. Any agreed hygiene supplies. A card with relevant medical information and emergency contacts, if needed. Your child may prefer to keep the kit in their school bag, locker or with a trusted staff member. Explain that the kit is there to help them feel prepared, not because you expect something to go wrong. 💚 Look after your child's emotional wellbeing School mornings can become emotionally charged when everyone is tired and worried about being late. Try to separate the practical problem from your child's feelings. You can acknowledge their frustration without abandoning the routine or making promises you cannot keep. Helpful approaches include: Keeping your voice calm, even when you feel stressed. Offering two manageable choices instead of giving lots of instructions. Avoiding arguments about whether their symptoms are real. Praising communication and problem-solving rather than attendance alone. Reminding them that asking for help is okay. If your child is worried about embarrassment, reassure them that they do not need to explain their medical condition to every classmate. For older children and teenagers, involve them in deciding what information to share and how to manage their needs at school. If anxiety about school becomes persistent, or your child increasingly avoids activities because of fear of symptoms, consider speaking with their IBD team or a mental health professional experienced in chronic illness. ❤️ What if every school morning feels like a battle? If getting to school has become a daily struggle, it may be a sign that something needs to change. Your child might have active symptoms that are not adequately controlled, significant fatigue, anxiety about accidents, difficulties with classmates or worries about falling behind academically. Instead of focusing only on getting out of the door, try to identify the underlying problem. You could speak with your child's teacher, school support staff and IBD team to develop a plan that addresses both their physical needs and their concerns about school. You do not have to solve everything on your own. Sometimes, a small adjustment to the school day or a review of your child's symptoms can make a significant difference. 🌷 Remember to be kind to yourself, too When your child is struggling, you may feel torn between wanting them to attend school, protecting their health and keeping family life running. You might feel frustrated when plans change at the last minute or guilty when you cannot tell whether they are well enough to go. These feelings are understandable. You are making decisions in a situation that can be unpredictable, and you will not always get it exactly right. Focus on responding to your child's needs as best you can, seeking help when patterns change and adjusting the routine when something is not working. A successful school morning is not always one where your child arrives on time. Sometimes, it is one where they feel listened to, get the care they need and know that their health matters. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Managing work when your child has IBD Practical advice for balancing work and caring for a child with IBD, including flexible working, leave entitlements, managing appointments and coping with unexpected flares. Read More Supporting Your Child on Difficult IBD Days Practical ways to support your child through difficult IBD days, manage overwhelming emotions, build resilience and help them feel understood, safe and supported. Read More The gut microbiome and IBD: what parents need to know Learn how the gut microbiome is connected to IBD, how diet and probiotics may influence gut health, and what parents need to know about supporting children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Does sugar feed intestinal inflammation? 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Managing day to day Supporting Your Child on Difficult IBD Days Practical ways to support your child through difficult IBD days, manage overwhelming emotions, build resilience and help them feel understood, safe and supported. Living with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis can be challenging for children, even when their condition is usually well managed. Some days, your child might feel exhausted, frustrated, worried or overwhelmed by symptoms, appointments, medication or the feeling of being different from their friends. As a parent, it can be difficult to know what to say or do. You might want to fix the problem, cheer them up or reassure them that everything will be okay. Sometimes, though, what your child needs most is to feel understood, supported and safe to express how they feel. There is no perfect way to parent a child through IBD. What matters is helping them feel that they do not have to face the difficult days alone. 🌧️ Recognising when your child is having a difficult day Not every difficult day looks the same. Your child might tell you directly that they are struggling, or you might notice changes in their behaviour. They may: Become quieter, more withdrawn or unusually irritable. Get upset over things that would not normally bother them. Feel frustrated about missing school, sport or time with friends. Worry about pain, needing the toilet or having an accident. Feel angry about taking medication or attending appointments. Struggle with tiredness, concentration or motivation. Compare themselves with other children and feel that life is unfair. Sometimes, these changes may be related to physical symptoms, poor sleep or active inflammation. At other times, your child may be dealing with emotions that have built up over several days or weeks. Try not to assume that every change in mood is simply part of having IBD. Ask gentle questions, listen to what your child says and consider whether their symptoms or treatment need reviewing. 👂 Listen before trying to fix things When your child is upset, it is natural to want to make the situation better straight away. You might offer solutions, remind them how strong they are or explain why things could be worse. Although these responses come from a place of love, your child may first need the opportunity to talk without being interrupted or reassured too quickly. You could try saying: “It sounds like today has been really hard.” “You don't have to pretend you're okay with me.” “Do you want to tell me what's bothering you?” “Would you like me to listen, or would you like help working out what to do?” “It's okay to feel angry or upset about having IBD.” You do not need to have the perfect words. Giving your child your attention and showing that their feelings matter can be more helpful than trying to find an immediate solution. If they do not want to talk, let them know you are available when they are ready. ❤️ Validate their feelings without trying to make them positive Children with IBD may experience feelings that are difficult to talk about, including anger, embarrassment, jealousy, sadness and frustration. They might wonder why they have to deal with a chronic illness when their friends do not. They may feel guilty about missing family activities or worry that their illness is making life harder for everyone. Rather than trying to turn every negative feeling into a positive one, acknowledge what your child is experiencing. For example: If they say, “It's not fair that I have IBD.” You could respond, “You're right. It isn't fair that you have to deal with this. I wish things were easier for you, too.” If they say, “I'm sick of being different.” You could say, “I understand why you feel that way. Having IBD can make you feel different sometimes, and that can be really hard.” If they say, “Nobody understands.” You might respond, “It can feel lonely when people haven't experienced what you're going through. I'm here to listen, and we can work out how to help other people understand, too.” You do not have to agree with every thought your child expresses to validate their feelings. You are showing them that their emotions are understandable and that they do not need to hide them from you. 🛋️ Make difficult days a little easier When your child is struggling, small adjustments can make the day feel more manageable. Depending on how they are feeling, you might: Reduce expectations around chores, homework or other responsibilities. Allow extra rest without making your child feel lazy or guilty. Offer quiet activities, such as reading, drawing, listening to music or watching a favourite film. Make sure they have easy access to the toilet, comfortable clothing and anything they need to manage symptoms. Offer familiar foods and drinks that they can comfortably tolerate. Keep plans flexible if symptoms or fatigue make activities difficult. Spend time together without expecting your child to talk about their illness. You do not need to turn every difficult day into a special event. Sometimes, a quiet afternoon together or a little extra understanding is enough. At the same time, try to maintain normal routines where your child feels able to participate. The goal is to respond to their needs without making illness the centre of every family interaction. 🧠 Help your child manage overwhelming emotions Children may not always have the words to explain what they are feeling. They might express distress through anger, tears, withdrawal or refusing to do something. Rather than focusing only on the behaviour, try to understand what might be underneath it. You could ask, “Is something worrying you, or are you feeling uncomfortable or exhausted today?” Simple strategies may help your child feel more in control: Name the feeling: Help them identify whether they feel worried, frustrated, embarrassed, sad or overwhelmed. Break things into smaller steps: If the day feels too much, focus on what needs to happen next rather than the whole day. Offer choices: Let them decide between two manageable options, such as resting with a book or watching a film. Try a calming activity: Slow breathing, gentle movement, music or a quiet space may help when emotions feel intense. Remind them that feelings change: They do not need to solve everything while they are upset. These strategies will not remove the challenges of IBD, but they can help children develop ways to cope with difficult moments. 🏫 When IBD makes everyday life harder Sometimes, your child's difficult day may be connected to something specific, such as missing a school activity, worrying about a flare or feeling embarrassed about needing the toilet. Try to understand what is making the situation difficult before deciding what support they need. For example, if your child is upset about missing a birthday party, acknowledge their disappointment rather than immediately suggesting another activity. If they are worried about returning to school after an absence, talk through what might help them feel more comfortable. This could include arranging a catch-up plan with teachers, identifying a trusted adult at school or making sure they can access a toilet when needed. If your child feels embarrassed about their symptoms, reassure them that IBD is a medical condition and that they have nothing to be ashamed of. Where possible, involve your child in decisions about the support they receive. Having some control over what happens can help them feel more confident and less overwhelmed. 🤝 When your child pushes you away Children sometimes direct their frustration towards the people they feel safest with. Your child might snap at you, refuse help or insist that you leave them alone. This can be upsetting, especially when you are trying hard to support them. If it is safe to do so, give them some space while making it clear that you are still available. You could say, “I can see you need some time to yourself. I'll give you some space, and I'm here if you need me.” You can also set reasonable boundaries around how family members speak to one another without dismissing the feelings behind the behaviour. For example, “It's okay to be angry, but it's not okay to hurt someone with your words. Let's take a break and talk when we're both calmer.” If your child's distress is frequent, intense or affecting family life, consider seeking additional support rather than assuming it is something you simply need to manage at home. 🌱 Encourage independence without expecting too much As children grow, they gradually learn to recognise their symptoms, communicate their needs and take part in decisions about their care. On difficult days, they may need more support than usual. That does not mean they are going backwards or failing to become independent. You can support their developing independence by asking what they think would help, offering choices and involving them in practical decisions when appropriate. For younger children, this might mean choosing a quiet activity or telling you when they need help. For older children and teenagers, it might involve explaining their needs to a teacher, preparing questions for an appointment or deciding how much they want to tell their friends about IBD. Allowing your child to take manageable steps towards independence can help them develop confidence while knowing that support is still available. 🩺 Know when your child needs extra support Emotional distress is understandable when a child is living with a chronic illness, but ongoing difficulties deserve attention. Consider speaking with your child's IBD team or another appropriate healthcare professional if you notice: Persistent sadness, anxiety or irritability. Increasing withdrawal from friends, family or activities they previously enjoyed. Frequent worries about symptoms, accidents or leaving home. Significant changes in sleep, appetite or behaviour. Refusal to attend school because of distress. Difficulty coping with treatment, appointments or the impact of IBD on daily life. A psychologist or counsellor experienced in working with children and chronic illness may be able to help your child develop coping strategies and process difficult emotions. It is also important to check whether physical symptoms are contributing to how they feel. Pain, fatigue, poor sleep, nutritional deficiencies and active inflammation can all affect wellbeing. If your child talks about wanting to hurt themselves or not wanting to be alive, take this seriously and seek urgent professional help. 💚 Remember to look after yourself, too Supporting a child with IBD can be emotionally demanding. You may be managing appointments, medications, school concerns and the uncertainty of not knowing when the next difficult day will come. You might feel worried, exhausted, helpless or frustrated, even when you are doing everything you can to help your child. Those feelings do not make you a bad parent. Try to give yourself the same understanding you offer your child. Talk to someone you trust, seek support from other families living with IBD or ask your child's healthcare team about resources for parents and carers. You do not have to be endlessly patient or always know what to say. Repairing a difficult moment, apologising when needed and showing up again are all part of supporting your child. ❤️ What to remember on the difficult days You cannot take away every painful, frustrating or unfair part of living with IBD. But you can help your child know that their feelings are welcome, their needs matter and they do not have to face the hard days alone. Some days, support will mean helping them solve a problem. Other days, it will mean listening, offering a hug, making things a little easier or simply sitting beside them. Your child does not need you to make every day okay. They need to know that when a day is not okay, they can turn to you. Sometimes, the most powerful thing you can say is, “I know today is hard. You don't have to get through it on your own.” 📚 Further reading Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation — Resources for families navigating the emotional and practical challenges of IBD. Crohn’s & Colitis UK — Information and support for people living with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Crohn’s & Colitis Canada — Resources for individuals and families affected by IBD. International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders (IFFGD) — Information about digestive disorders and their impact on daily life. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Managing work when your child has IBD Practical advice for balancing work and caring for a child with IBD, including flexible working, leave entitlements, managing appointments and coping with unexpected flares. Read More Managing school mornings when your child has IBD Practical tips for managing school mornings when your child has IBD, from handling symptoms and anxiety to creating flexible routines and knowing when to keep them home. Read More The gut microbiome and IBD: what parents need to know Learn how the gut microbiome is connected to IBD, how diet and probiotics may influence gut health, and what parents need to know about supporting children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Does sugar feed intestinal inflammation? Explore the research on sugar and IBD, including its potential effects on gut inflammation, the gut microbiome and flare risk, and whether reducing sugar can help children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More

Managing day to day Managing work when your child has IBD Practical advice for balancing work and caring for a child with IBD, including flexible working, leave entitlements, managing appointments and coping with unexpected flares. When your child has Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, balancing work and family life can become more complicated than you ever expected. There may be hospital appointments to attend, school calls to answer, medication to organise and unexpected flares that change your plans at the last minute. You might find yourself taking time off work, rearranging meetings or trying to concentrate on a deadline while worrying about how your child is feeling. For many parents, the hardest part is the unpredictability. You can organise your week carefully, only for your child to become unwell overnight or need urgent medical attention the following morning. Managing work while caring for a child with IBD is not simply a matter of becoming more organised. It often requires flexibility, support and realistic expectations of yourself. 💚 Acknowledge that balancing work and caring is difficult Caring for a child with IBD can involve a significant amount of practical and emotional work. Even when your child is feeling well, you may need to manage prescriptions, monitor symptoms, arrange appointments and communicate with their school. During a flare, those responsibilities can increase considerably. You may experience: Guilt about missing work or not being available to colleagues. Worry about your child's health when you cannot be with them. Stress about using annual leave or sick leave. Financial pressure if your working hours or income are affected. Difficulty concentrating because you are thinking about your child. Frustration when plans change unexpectedly. Exhaustion from trying to meet everyone's needs. These feelings are understandable. You are managing responsibilities that do not always fit neatly into a working day. You do not have to be equally productive at work, available to your child and on top of everything at home every day. Some periods will require you to adjust your expectations, and that is okay. 📅 Plan ahead where possible, but leave room for the unexpected Planning can help reduce some of the pressure, even though it cannot eliminate the uncertainty of IBD. If your child's condition is relatively stable, you might try to: Schedule routine appointments around work commitments when possible. Keep a shared calendar of appointments, medication reviews and school events. Identify upcoming periods when you may need additional flexibility. Keep important medical information and contact details easy to access. Prepare a short list of tasks that can be postponed if your child becomes unwell. Avoid filling every available space in your calendar. It can also help to identify which work tasks genuinely need your attention and which can wait. If a flare occurs, having a clear idea of your priorities may make it easier to adjust your plans without feeling that everything is falling apart. Remember that planning is a tool, not a guarantee. You are not doing anything wrong when your child's health disrupts even the best-organised schedule. 🏠 Explore flexible working arrangements If your job allows it, flexible working arrangements may make it easier to manage your responsibilities. Depending on your role and workplace, possible options include: Working from home on certain days. Adjusting your start and finish times. Moving some meetings to more suitable times. Temporarily reducing hours during particularly difficult periods. Making up hours when practical. Using a hybrid working arrangement. Agreeing on a plan for unexpected absences. Not every role offers the same flexibility, and working from home is not always possible when your child needs significant care. However, even a small adjustment may help you manage appointments or school calls without having to take a full day off. If you are considering a change to your working arrangements, think about what would genuinely help. You might need flexibility for regular appointments, the ability to respond to unexpected calls or more substantial leave during a flare. 💬 Talking to your employer about your child's IBD Deciding whether to tell your employer about your child's condition is a personal choice. You may feel comfortable explaining the situation, or you may prefer to share only the information needed to discuss your working arrangements. You do not necessarily need to disclose every medical detail. You can explain that your child has a chronic medical condition that sometimes requires appointments and unexpected care. For example, you might say: “My child has a chronic medical condition that occasionally requires medical appointments and additional care at short notice. I would like to discuss whether some flexibility around my working hours or location might be possible so I can manage these responsibilities while continuing to meet my work commitments.” If you need more substantial support, it may help to explain the practical impact on your availability and discuss possible arrangements with your manager or human resources team. Where possible, try to have the conversation before a crisis occurs. It can be easier to explore options when you have time to consider what might work for both you and your employer. However, if your child is newly diagnosed or suddenly becomes unwell, you do not need to have every detail worked out before asking for help. 🌍 Understanding your workplace rights Your options for leave, flexible working and workplace protections will depend on where you live, your employment status and your individual circumstances. It is worth checking the rules that apply in your country rather than assuming that the same arrangements are available everywhere. Australia Eligible employees may have access to carer's leave under the National Employment Standards when a family member or household member needs care or support because of illness. Eligibility, entitlements and evidence requirements depend on the circumstances and applicable employment arrangements. You can find information through Fair Work Ombudsman . United Kingdom Employees may have rights to unpaid time off for dependants in certain unexpected situations, as well as the right to request flexible working. Other leave or workplace protections may apply depending on the circumstances. See GOV.UK : Time off for dependants and GOV.UK : Flexible working . United States Eligible employees may be entitled to job-protected leave under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) to care for a child with a serious health condition, subject to eligibility requirements and applicable rules. State laws and employer policies may provide additional options. See the US Department of Labor: Family and Medical Leave Act . Canada Depending on the province or territory, employment status and circumstances, employees may have access to family responsibility leave, critical illness leave or other caregiving-related provisions. Federal employment rules apply to federally regulated workplaces. See the Government of Canada: Leave related to critical illness and other family responsibilities . New Zealand Eligible employees may be able to use sick leave to care for a dependent who is sick or injured. Flexible working arrangements and other workplace policies may also be relevant. See Employment New Zealand: Sick leave . These summaries are a starting point, not a determination of your individual rights. Check current official guidance or seek employment advice if you are unsure what applies to you. 📞 When your child becomes unwell during the working day One of the most stressful parts of working while caring for a child with IBD is receiving an unexpected call from school or the hospital. You might be in a meeting, working with a client or facing a deadline when you suddenly need to change your plans. If possible, agree on a simple contingency plan with your workplace. For example: Identify a colleague who can cover urgent tasks if you need to leave. Keep essential work files accessible if you need to switch locations. Know which meetings can be delegated or rescheduled. Have a short message ready to explain that you need to attend to an urgent family matter. Discuss in advance how urgent absences should be communicated. If another trusted adult can occasionally help with transport or collecting your child from school, that may also provide some flexibility. However, this depends on your child's needs and the support available to your family. If your child is seriously unwell, their medical care takes priority. You can address work arrangements once the immediate situation is under control. 🏥 Managing appointments, procedures and hospital stays IBD care can involve routine reviews, blood tests, stool tests, infusions, colonoscopies and hospital admissions. Some appointments can be scheduled in advance, while others arise unexpectedly. If your child has regular appointments, ask whether they can be grouped together or scheduled at times that reduce disruption to work. Your child's healthcare team may be able to provide appointment letters or other documentation if your employer requires evidence of your absence. For longer hospital stays or periods of intensive treatment, you may need a more substantial plan. This could involve using available leave, requesting temporary adjustments or exploring workplace support. If you share caring responsibilities with another adult, you might be able to divide some appointments or alternate hospital visits. If you are the only available caregiver, you may need to discuss a different arrangement with your employer. There is no single approach that works for every family. The important thing is to ask what options are available before you reach the point of exhaustion. 💰 When caring responsibilities affect your income For some families, a child's IBD can affect household finances as well as daily routines. Reduced hours, unpaid leave, travel to specialist appointments, parking, accommodation and other expenses can add up. If work becomes difficult to maintain, consider exploring whether you may be eligible for: Carer's benefits or income support. Financial assistance with medical travel. Workplace leave or paid carers' leave. Flexible working arrangements that allow you to retain more of your usual hours. Support from IBD charities or family organisations. Financial counselling or other local support services. Eligibility varies by country, employment circumstances and family situation. An IBD social worker, hospital support service or local patient organisation may be able to help you identify relevant options. You do not need to wait until you are experiencing serious financial difficulty before asking what support exists. 🧠 Managing the mental load Even when your child is physically well, caring for them can occupy a significant amount of mental space. You may find yourself checking your phone for school messages, wondering whether a symptom means a flare is developing or mentally running through everything that needs to happen next. This constant vigilance can make it difficult to focus on work or switch off at the end of the day. A few practical strategies may help: Write things down: Keep a central list of appointments, medication tasks and follow-ups rather than trying to remember everything. Separate urgent from non-urgent tasks: Not every question or task needs to be resolved immediately. Create communication routines: Where possible, agree on how and when the school or healthcare team should contact you. Protect short breaks: Even a brief walk or quiet break can help you reset. Set realistic expectations: Some workdays will be less productive because your child needs you. Ask for help: You do not have to be the only person who remembers every detail or coordinates every task. If anxiety, exhaustion or low mood are becoming persistent, consider seeking support for yourself. Caring for a child with a chronic illness can be demanding, and parents deserve care and support, too. 🤝 You do not have to manage everything alone Depending on your circumstances, support may come from a partner, family member, friend, employer, school, healthcare team or other parents who understand what you are experiencing. You might ask someone to help with a specific task, such as collecting a prescription, preparing a meal or taking your child to a routine appointment. If your child is comfortable with it and the situation is appropriate, older children can gradually take part in managing aspects of their care. However, they should not feel responsible for managing adult work pressures or taking on more medical responsibility than is suitable for their age. If you do not have family nearby or reliable practical support, ask your child's IBD team whether a social worker or family support service is available. Sometimes, a small amount of practical assistance can make a meaningful difference to how manageable the week feels. ❤️ Remember that your child's health and your wellbeing both matter Managing work while caring for a child with IBD can involve difficult choices. You may worry about your child's health, your job security, your income and whether you are doing enough in every part of your life. You cannot always prevent disruptions, and you cannot plan for every flare or hospital admission. What you can do is explore your options, communicate your needs where possible and build a support system that works for your family. Some weeks, work may need to take a back seat. At other times, a stable routine may help you feel more like yourself again. Neither situation means you are failing. You are allowed to care about your career and your child's health at the same time. Finding a workable balance may take adjustments, conversations and support, but you do not have to navigate it perfectly. 📚 Further reading Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation — Information and resources for families affected by IBD. Crohn’s & Colitis UK — Support and practical guidance for people living with IBD. Crohn’s & Colitis Canada — Resources for individuals and families affected by IBD. Crohn’s & Colitis Australia — Information about IBD and family support. International Labour Organization — International information on employment conditions and workers' rights. This article provides general educational information for parents worldwide. Workplace rights, leave entitlements and financial assistance vary by country and individual circumstances. Check the relevant official guidance or seek professional advice for your situation. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Managing school mornings when your child has IBD Practical tips for managing school mornings when your child has IBD, from handling symptoms and anxiety to creating flexible routines and knowing when to keep them home. Read More Supporting Your Child on Difficult IBD Days Practical ways to support your child through difficult IBD days, manage overwhelming emotions, build resilience and help them feel understood, safe and supported. Read More The gut microbiome and IBD: what parents need to know Learn how the gut microbiome is connected to IBD, how diet and probiotics may influence gut health, and what parents need to know about supporting children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Does sugar feed intestinal inflammation? Explore the research on sugar and IBD, including its potential effects on gut inflammation, the gut microbiome and flare risk, and whether reducing sugar can help children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More

Gut Health & Wellbeing The gut microbiome and IBD: what parents need to know Learn how the gut microbiome is connected to IBD, how diet and probiotics may influence gut health, and what parents need to know about supporting children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. If your child has Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, you may have heard about the gut microbiome and its possible role in intestinal inflammation. Researchers are increasingly interested in how the bacteria and other microorganisms living in the digestive tract interact with the immune system, the intestinal lining and the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). You may also have come across advice about probiotics, fermented foods, prebiotics or supplements designed to improve gut health. But what is the gut microbiome, how is it connected to IBD, and can changing it help your child feel better? Understanding what researchers currently know — and what remains uncertain — can help you make informed decisions without feeling that you need to fix your child's gut microbiome yourself. 🔬 What is the gut microbiome? The gut microbiome is the community of microorganisms living in the digestive tract, particularly the large intestine. It includes bacteria, viruses, fungi and other microscopic organisms, along with their genetic material and the substances they produce. Every person's gut microbiome is different. It develops from early life and continues to change in response to factors such as diet, medication, illness, age and the environment. A healthy gut microbiome supports several important functions: Digestion: Gut microbes help break down certain components of food that the body cannot digest on its own. Nutrient production: Some microbes produce substances such as short-chain fatty acids, which help support the intestinal lining. Immune function: Gut microbes interact with the immune system and help it respond to microorganisms and other substances. Protection: The normal gut microbiome helps limit the growth of some harmful microorganisms. Intestinal barrier health: Microbial products help support the lining that separates the contents of the intestine from the body's underlying tissues. The microbiome is not simply a collection of good and bad bacteria. Different microorganisms have different functions, and their effects depend on the wider environment in which they live. 🧩 How is the gut microbiome connected to IBD? Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are complex conditions involving interactions between the immune system, genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. The gut microbiome is thought to be an important part of this picture. Studies have found differences in the composition and activity of gut microorganisms in many people with IBD compared with people without the condition. One commonly observed pattern is dysbiosis , a term used to describe an alteration in the microbial community that may affect its normal functions. Research has identified several differences in people with IBD, including: Reduced diversity of certain gut microorganisms. Changes in the abundance of particular bacterial species. Differences in the substances produced by gut microbes. Alterations in the interaction between microbes, the intestinal lining and the immune system. However, these patterns are not identical in everyone with IBD. There is no single microbiome profile that applies to every child with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Researchers are also investigating whether these microbial changes contribute to inflammation, occur because of inflammation, or involve both processes. When the intestine becomes inflamed, the environment in which microorganisms live changes. This may allow some microbes to thrive while others become less abundant. These changes could, in turn, affect the intestinal barrier and immune responses. A 2025 international meta-analysis of paediatric IBD studies found differences in gut microbial communities in children with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The findings also suggested associations between microbial patterns, disease activity and treatment response. You can read the 2025 paediatric IBD microbiome study on PubMed . The research is promising, but scientists have not yet established a single microbial imbalance that explains IBD or can be corrected to cure the disease. 🧒 Does an unhealthy gut microbiome cause IBD? Not on its own, based on current evidence. It is tempting to think that if researchers find differences in the gut microbiome in people with IBD, restoring the microbiome to a healthier state should resolve the condition. Unfortunately, the relationship is more complicated. IBD develops through a combination of factors, and the microbiome is only one part of that process. Genetic susceptibility, immune responses, environmental influences and the integrity of the intestinal lining are also important. Some microbial changes may contribute to inflammation, while others may be consequences of the disease or its treatment. This distinction matters because there is currently no proven method of restoring a particular microbiome profile that reliably cures Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. It is also important to understand that your child's IBD is not your fault . You did not cause the condition by feeding them the wrong foods or failing to give them probiotics. 🥗 Can diet improve the gut microbiome? Diet can influence the gut microbiome, but there is no single diet that produces the same effects in every person. Gut microbes use components of food, including certain types of fibre, to produce substances that can support intestinal health. For example, some bacteria ferment fibre to produce short-chain fatty acids, including butyrate. These substances help nourish cells in the intestinal lining and play a role in regulating immune activity. A varied diet can provide different nutrients and food components that support a range of gut microorganisms. Depending on your child's needs and tolerance, useful foods may include: Fruits and vegetables: Provide fibre and a variety of plant compounds. Whole grains: Offer different types of fibre that gut microbes can use. Legumes: Beans, lentils and chickpeas provide fibre and other nutrients. Nuts and seeds: Supply fibre and healthy fats, where suitable for your child's age and tolerance. A variety of protein sources: Help meet the nutritional needs of a growing child. However, children with IBD may not tolerate all these foods equally, particularly during a flare. Some may need adjustments to fibre intake or food texture, depending on their symptoms and whether they have intestinal narrowing. There is no need to force your child to eat foods that make them uncomfortable or to introduce a restrictive diet in the hope of changing their microbiome. The aim is to provide adequate nutrition while working within your child's individual needs. 🌾 What are prebiotics? Prebiotics are substances, often particular types of fibre, that certain microorganisms in the gut can use selectively. They help support the activity of particular microbes. Some foods contain naturally occurring prebiotic fibres, including: Onions and garlic. Asparagus. Oats. Legumes. Bananas. Some whole grains. Prebiotics are not the same as probiotics. Prebiotics provide substances that microbes can use, whereas probiotics are live microorganisms that may provide a health benefit when consumed in adequate amounts. Although prebiotics are an interesting area of gut health research, evidence is insufficient to recommend prebiotic supplements as a reliable way to induce remission in children with IBD. Some prebiotic fibres can also increase gas, bloating or abdominal discomfort. If your child has symptoms after eating particular foods, an IBD dietitian can help you work out whether adjustments are appropriate. 🦠 Do probiotics help children with IBD? Probiotics are live microorganisms that may provide health benefits when taken in adequate amounts. They are available in supplements and some fermented foods. However, probiotics are not all the same. Different strains can have different effects, and research involving one strain or formulation cannot automatically be applied to another. Evidence for probiotics in IBD is mixed and depends on the condition being treated. Crohn’s disease Current evidence does not support routinely using probiotics to induce or maintain remission in Crohn’s disease. Ulcerative colitis Some studies suggest that particular probiotic formulations may have a role as an additional treatment in selected cases of ulcerative colitis. However, the evidence varies, and probiotics are not a universal treatment for the condition. Evidence in children is more limited than in adults, and probiotics should not replace prescribed medication. For a detailed overview, see the US National Institutes of Health fact sheet on probiotics . If you are considering a probiotic supplement for your child, discuss it with their gastroenterologist, particularly if they are taking immunosuppressive medication or have a severely weakened immune system. 🧫 Which probiotic strains have been studied for ulcerative colitis? Research has investigated specific probiotic strains and combinations for ulcerative colitis, including: Eight-strain probiotic formulation (formerly known as VSL#3): Contains a combination of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus thermophilus strains. Some studies suggest potential benefits as an additional treatment for UC. Escherichia coli Nissle 1917: Studied mainly for maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis, with most evidence coming from adults. Other Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains: Some have been investigated for their potential effects on intestinal inflammation, but results vary between strains and formulations. Evidence in children remains limited, and no probiotic is established as a routine treatment for paediatric UC. The exact strains matter, as different products cannot be assumed to have the same effects. For more information, see the ESPGHAN position paper on probiotics and prebiotics in children . 🥛 What about fermented foods? Fermented foods such as yoghurt containing live cultures, kefir, sauerkraut and certain fermented soy products are often discussed in relation to gut health. Some contain live microorganisms, while others may contain microbial products that remain after fermentation. Their composition varies according to how they are made and processed. These foods may be included in a balanced diet if your child tolerates them. However, there is not enough evidence to say that eating fermented foods will reliably restore the gut microbiome or induce IBD remission. Some fermented foods may also contain lactose, substantial amounts of salt or other ingredients that do not suit every child. Think of them as optional foods rather than a treatment your child needs to consume to keep their IBD under control. 💊 How do medications affect the gut microbiome? Medications can influence the gut microbiome, but their effects vary. Antibiotics, for example, can alter the balance of gut microorganisms because they affect susceptible bacteria, including some that normally live in the digestive tract. Other medicines may also influence microbial composition, directly or indirectly. At the same time, treating intestinal inflammation can change the gut environment and may allow microbial communities to shift. This does not mean that medications used to treat IBD are harmful or should be avoided. Controlling inflammation is important for protecting your child's bowel, growth and overall health. If your child needs antibiotics for an infection, follow the prescribing clinician's advice. Do not stop or avoid a necessary treatment because of concerns about the microbiome. 🧪 Can a stool microbiome test tell you what your child needs? Commercial stool microbiome tests are sometimes promoted as a way to identify bacterial imbalances and recommend personalised diets or supplements. However, these tests generally cannot establish what is causing a child's IBD symptoms or determine which supplement will bring the disease into remission. There are several limitations: The gut microbiome varies naturally between individuals. Results can change with diet, medication, illness and other factors. Different laboratories may use different methods and reference ranges. There is no universally accepted healthy microbiome profile for every child. Many commercial reports offer dietary or supplement recommendations that have not been validated in clinical trials. A stool microbiome test is also different from faecal calprotectin testing. Faecal calprotectin is used by healthcare professionals to help assess intestinal inflammation, whereas commercial microbiome tests describe microorganisms in a sample. If you are considering testing, discuss it with your child's gastroenterologist before spending money on a commercial service. 🔬 What about faecal microbiota transplantation? Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) involves transferring processed stool from a carefully screened donor into a recipient's digestive tract to change the recipient's microbial community. FMT has an established role in treating certain cases of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Researchers are also investigating its potential for IBD, particularly ulcerative colitis. However, the evidence for IBD remains limited, and the treatment is not recommended for routine use in children with IBD outside appropriate specialist settings or clinical trials. FMT can carry risks, including the transmission of infectious organisms. Donor screening and medical supervision are essential. It should not be attempted at home or through unregulated services. 🌱 What can parents realistically do to support gut health? You do not need to overhaul your child's diet or purchase multiple supplements to support their gut health. Practical steps include: Offer variety where tolerated. Include a range of foods that provide fibre, protein, vitamins, minerals and sufficient energy. Prioritise growth and nutrition. Children with IBD need enough food to support development, particularly during periods of active disease. Avoid unnecessary restrictions. Removing multiple food groups can lead to nutritional deficiencies and make eating more stressful. Follow your child's treatment plan. Controlling inflammation is essential, and diet alone cannot reliably manage active IBD. Discuss supplements with the treating team. Probiotics, prebiotics and other products should be considered in light of the evidence and your child's individual circumstances. Seek help from an IBD dietitian. A dietitian can help you support nutrition without making meals unnecessarily complicated. Sleep, physical activity and avoiding smoking exposure are also important for overall health. However, none of these steps guarantees a particular microbiome profile or prevents every flare. ❤️ What should parents take away from the research? The gut microbiome is an important and rapidly developing area of IBD research. Scientists are learning more about how microorganisms interact with the intestinal lining, immune system, diet and treatments. Although researchers have identified differences in the microbiomes of many people with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, there is still much to learn about which changes contribute to disease and which occur because of inflammation. For now, there is no single food, probiotic or supplement that can reliably restore the microbiome and cure IBD. A varied, nutritionally adequate diet can support your child's general health, but you do not need to chase a perfect gut microbiome. Working with your child's gastroenterologist and IBD dietitian is the best way to explore nutrition and complementary approaches safely. Your child does not need to fix their gut microbiome to deserve to feel better. Effective treatment, appropriate nutritional support and individualised care remain central to managing IBD. 📚 Further reading Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation — Resources about IBD, nutrition and treatment. Gut Microbiome and IBD — Crohn’s & Colitis Australia — An overview of the gut microbiome and its relationship with IBD. International paediatric IBD microbiome study (2025) — Research examining microbial patterns in children with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. National Institutes of Health: Probiotics for health professionals — An evidence-based overview of probiotics and their potential health effects. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Does sugar feed intestinal inflammation? Explore the research on sugar and IBD, including its potential effects on gut inflammation, the gut microbiome and flare risk, and whether reducing sugar can help children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Curcumin and turmeric for IBD: what does the research show? Explore the research on turmeric and curcumin for IBD, including potential benefits for ulcerative colitis, evidence for Crohn’s disease, safety considerations and what parents should know before considering supplements. Read More Can dietary changes help induce IBD remission? Can dietary changes help induce IBD remission? Learn about nutritional therapies, anti-inflammatory diets and how food can support children with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Read More Evinature for children with IBD: exploring natural support Explore Evinature as a natural approach to IBD, including the research, potential benefits, safety considerations and costs parents should know before considering it for their child. Read More

Gut Health & Wellbeing Does sugar feed intestinal inflammation? Explore the research on sugar and IBD, including its potential effects on gut inflammation, the gut microbiome and flare risk, and whether reducing sugar can help children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. If your child has Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, you may have heard that sugar feeds inflammation in the gut or that cutting it out could help control IBD. Sugar and diet are increasingly being studied in relation to gut health, the gut microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease. Some research has linked diets high in added sugar with an increased risk of developing IBD, while other studies have explored how dietary patterns may influence the intestinal environment. But does sugar directly cause inflammation in a child who already has IBD? Can eating sweets trigger a flare? And should parents be restricting sugar? The evidence is more complicated than many headlines suggest. A diet high in added sugar may have undesirable effects on overall health and could play a role in IBD risk, but sugar has not been proven to directly trigger intestinal inflammation or cause a flare every time a child eats it. 🔬 What does the research say about sugar and IBD? Researchers are investigating whether diets high in added sugar and highly processed foods may contribute to changes in the gut microbiome and the body's inflammatory responses. A 2024 umbrella review examining evidence from multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses identified refined sugar intake among the dietary factors associated with an increased incidence or progression of IBD. However, the evidence varied in quality, and associations do not prove that sugar directly causes inflammation. Read the full 2024 review . A 2025 systematic review and meta-analysis of 45 studies also found an association between higher added sugar intake and an increased risk of developing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Higher consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks was also associated with increased IBD risk. However, the findings cannot establish that sugar causes IBD, and they do not show that removing sugar will induce remission in children who already have the condition. Read the 2025 systematic review and meta-analysis . There are several important limitations to keep in mind: Many studies investigate the risk of developing IBD, rather than what happens when someone with established IBD eats sugar. People who consume more added sugar may also eat more highly processed foods or have other lifestyle factors that influence health. Research findings do not establish a specific amount of sugar that triggers inflammation. Studies in adults cannot automatically be applied to children. Overall, the research suggests that diet may influence the gut environment, but it has not established that sugar directly causes intestinal inflammation in every person with IBD. 🦠 How might sugar affect the gut microbiome? The gut microbiome is the community of bacteria and other microorganisms living in the digestive tract. These microorganisms interact with the immune system and help maintain the intestinal lining. Researchers are interested in whether a diet high in added sugar and low in fibre may influence the balance of gut microorganisms and the substances they produce. Some proposed mechanisms include: Changes in gut bacteria: Dietary patterns can influence which microorganisms thrive in the intestine. Changes in the intestinal environment: What we eat can affect the nutrients available to gut bacteria and the substances they produce. Effects on the gut barrier: Researchers are investigating whether certain dietary patterns affect the integrity of the intestinal lining. Immune responses: Changes in the gut microbiome may influence how the immune system interacts with the intestinal environment. These are active areas of research. Much of the mechanistic evidence comes from laboratory studies and animal research, so it cannot be assumed that eating sugar produces the same effects in a child with IBD. It is also important to remember that sugar is not the only dietary factor being studied. Overall eating patterns, fibre intake, food additives and the amount of highly processed food in the diet may all be relevant. 🍭 Does eating sugar trigger an IBD flare? Not necessarily. An IBD flare involves active inflammation in the digestive tract. However, children with IBD can experience digestive symptoms without having increased inflammatory activity. Some children may notice more bloating, abdominal discomfort or diarrhoea after consuming certain sugary foods or drinks. This can happen for several reasons. For example, drinks containing large amounts of sugar may be difficult for some people to tolerate, while certain sweeteners, such as sorbitol, can contribute to gas or diarrhoea. These symptoms can be uncomfortable, but they do not automatically mean that the underlying IBD inflammation has worsened. Conversely, a child can have active intestinal inflammation without obvious symptoms after eating a particular food. If your child repeatedly experiences symptoms after certain foods, keeping a simple food and symptom diary may help identify patterns. If symptoms persist or worsen, discuss them with their IBD team rather than assuming sugar is responsible. 🥤 Are sugary drinks different from sugar in food? Sugar-sweetened drinks are an important area of research because they can provide substantial amounts of added sugar without contributing much fibre or other nutrients. Examples include: Soft drinks and fizzy drinks with added sugar. Sweetened iced teas. Energy drinks. Fruit drinks and cordials with added sugar. Sweetened coffees and other flavoured beverages. Some observational studies have linked higher consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks with an increased risk of developing IBD. However, this does not prove that these drinks cause flares in children who already have Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read the research Whole fruit is different from a sugary drink. Fruit provides water, fibre and a range of nutrients, and its natural sugar is contained within the food. Fruit juice and smoothies can be tolerated differently from whole fruit, particularly when consumed in large quantities. Your child's individual tolerance matters, especially during a flare. 🍎 Should parents reduce sugar in a child's diet? It can be reasonable to limit excessive added sugar as part of a balanced diet, but there is no evidence-based requirement for every child with IBD to follow a completely sugar-free diet. A practical approach is to focus on the overall quality and variety of your child's diet rather than trying to eliminate every source of sugar. You might consider: Offering water regularly instead of relying on sugary drinks. Including a variety of fruits and vegetables, according to your child's tolerance. Providing adequate protein, carbohydrates and healthy fats to support growth. Choosing a range of nourishing foods rather than relying heavily on highly processed snacks. Keeping treats as a normal part of family life rather than labelling foods as forbidden. These are general healthy eating principles, not a specific treatment for intestinal inflammation. Some children may need a different approach during a flare, particularly if they have poor appetite, weight loss or difficulty tolerating food. Their nutritional needs should take priority, and an IBD dietitian can help tailor recommendations. ⚖️ What about natural sugars, honey and fruit? Not all sources of sugar are nutritionally equivalent. Sugar naturally present in whole fruit is accompanied by fibre, water and other nutrients. Milk contains lactose, a naturally occurring sugar, while honey and syrups contain sugars that are generally considered added or free sugars in dietary guidance. There is no good evidence that all these foods need to be removed from the diet of every child with IBD. Some children may have specific intolerances or find particular foods difficult to digest. For example, lactose can cause symptoms in someone who has difficulty digesting it, but that does not mean lactose itself is causing IBD inflammation. If a particular food consistently causes symptoms, seek individualised advice before eliminating an entire food group. 🧒 Why is avoiding excessive restriction important for children? Children with IBD need enough energy and nutrients to grow, develop and recover from illness. Restricting too many foods can make it harder to meet their nutritional requirements, especially if they already have a reduced appetite, food anxiety, weight loss or nutrient deficiencies. A strict sugar-free diet can also make eating more stressful for children and families without providing a proven benefit for IBD remission. Rather than focusing on perfection, aim for a balanced, flexible approach that supports your child's nutritional health and relationship with food. If you are concerned about your child's diet, an IBD dietitian can help identify practical changes without unnecessarily restricting foods they enjoy. 🩺 Can cutting out sugar help induce remission? There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend eliminating sugar as a treatment for active Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Although research has identified associations between high added sugar intake and IBD risk, this is different from demonstrating that sugar restriction can reliably reduce inflammation or induce remission in someone who already has IBD. Treatment decisions should be guided by your child's gastroenterologist, using symptoms and appropriate investigations to assess disease activity. If your child is experiencing a flare, do not delay medical advice while trying to remove sugar or other foods from their diet. Dietary changes should complement, rather than replace, the treatment plan recommended by their IBD team. ❤️ What should parents take away from the research? Sugar and dietary patterns are important areas of IBD research, but the evidence does not support blaming sugar for a child's inflammation or assuming that a sugar-free diet will control their disease. Reducing excessive added sugar can be part of a healthy eating pattern, particularly when it means replacing sugary drinks with water and making room for a wider variety of nourishing foods. However, there is no need to remove every sweet food from your child's diet in the hope of preventing a flare. The most useful approach is to look at your child's overall nutrition, pay attention to their individual food tolerance and work with their healthcare team when symptoms change. Your child does not need a perfect diet to manage IBD. Good nutrition can support their health, but effective medical care remains essential for controlling intestinal inflammation. 📚 Further reading Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation: How diet impacts IBD — Explains the relationship between food, digestive symptoms and inflammation. Dietary sugar and sweetened beverage intake and IBD risk: systematic review and meta-analysis — Reviews research on added sugar, sweetened drinks and the risk of developing IBD. Diet, food and nutritional exposures and IBD: umbrella review — Examines evidence linking dietary patterns with IBD incidence and progression. American Gastroenterological Association: Diet and nutritional therapies in IBD — Provides clinical guidance on nutrition and IBD management. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like The gut microbiome and IBD: what parents need to know Learn how the gut microbiome is connected to IBD, how diet and probiotics may influence gut health, and what parents need to know about supporting children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Curcumin and turmeric for IBD: what does the research show? Explore the research on turmeric and curcumin for IBD, including potential benefits for ulcerative colitis, evidence for Crohn’s disease, safety considerations and what parents should know before considering supplements. Read More Can dietary changes help induce IBD remission? Can dietary changes help induce IBD remission? Learn about nutritional therapies, anti-inflammatory diets and how food can support children with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Read More Evinature for children with IBD: exploring natural support Explore Evinature as a natural approach to IBD, including the research, potential benefits, safety considerations and costs parents should know before considering it for their child. Read More

IBD resources for teachers and schools, with practical guides and information to support students with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, IBD symptoms, fatigue, flares and school attendance. Teacher Resources Practical information and resources to help support students living with IBD. Explore guidance on symptoms, flares, toilet access, absences, medications, learning, and creating a supportive school environment.

Learn about IBD symptoms in children and teens, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, testing, diagnosis and what to expect when seeing an IBD specialist. I might have IBD. You're not alone. If you've been feeling unwell and something just doesn't seem right, it's okay to have questions. This page will help you understand what might be happening, what to look out for and what to do next. Home > Your IBD Journey > I might have IBD Common signs and symptoms Everyone's experience is different, but these are some symptoms that can happen with IBD. Diarrhoea (going to the toilet more often) Stomach pain (or cramps) Blood in your poo Feeling tired all the time Not gaining weight or losing weight Not feeling hungry Other symptoms (like mouth sores or joint pain) What is IBD? IBD stands for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. It's a long-term condition that causes inflammation in the digestive system (the gut). There are two main types: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Learn more about IBD What can I do next? If you're worried about your symptoms, here are some helpful next steps. Talk to a trusted adult This could be a parent, carer, teacher or school counsellor See your doctor (GP) They can ask questions, check your symptoms and organise some tests if needed. Keep track of how you feel Write down your symptoms, when they happen and anything that seems to make them better or worse. Remember You know your body best. It's always okay to speak up if something doesn't feel right. Helpful articles Explore more and find answers to the questions you might have. Could I have IBD? Read more What tests might I need? Read more What is a colonoscopy? Read more Got a question? No question is too weird, awkward or embarrassing. See what other kids and teens are asking about IBD. See real questions

Answers to common questions teachers and schools ask about IBD, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, including symptoms, flares, fatigue, school attendance, learning and student support. Teachers Questions Real questions from teachers. Find clear, practical answers to help you understand IBD and support students at school. Questions Teachers Ask Find simple answers to the questions that come up when supporting a student with IBD at school. Still have a question? If you can't find what you're looking for, get in touch and we'll try to help. Ask a question

Information and support after an IBD diagnosis, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, treatment, medications, tests, appointments, school and what happens next. I've been recently diagnosed It's a lot to take in. Getting a diagnosis of IBD can bring up lots of feelings and questions. It's normal to feel confused, worried or even a bit relieved to finally have an answer. This page will help you understand what happens next and how to start feeling more in control. Home > Your IBD Journey > I've been recently diagnosed What might you be feeling? There's no right or wrong way to feel. Many kids and teens feel a mix of emotions when they're diagnosed with IBD. Worried "What does this mean for me?" Confused "I have so many questions." Relieved "At least I know what's going on." Sad "It feels unfair." Overwhelmed "It's a lot to take in." Hopeful "I can still do the things I love." What does my diagnosis mean? Having IBD means you have a condition that affects your digestive system. It’s something you’ll learn to manage with your healthcare team, but you are still you — IBD doesn’t define you. Your treatment will be designed to help control inflammation, manage symptoms and help you get back to doing the things you enjoy. Understanding my diagnosis What happens next? Everyone's journey is different, but here are some of the typical next steps. More tests You might have more tests to find out more about your IBD and how active it is. Treatment plan Your doctor will talk to you about the best treatment for you. This might include medication lifestyle changes or other options Your care team You may have a gastroenterologist, IBD nurse, dietician and other health professionals supporting you. Learn and ask questions It's okay to ask questions and take time to understand. The more you know, the more in control you can feel. Helpful articles Explore more and find answers to the questions you might have. What is a flare? Read more Do I still need to take medication if I feel fine? Read more Can I still play sport? Read more Got a question? No question is too weird, awkward or embarrassing. See what other kids and teens are asking about IBD. See real questions

Learn about IBD flare symptoms, what to do during an IBD flare, and how to manage Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis flares at home and school. I'm having a flare It's tough, but it will get better. Flares can be really challenging. This page has information, tips and tools to help you manage your symptoms and feel more in control. Home > Your IBD Journey > I'm having a flare Common flare symptoms Everyone's flare is different. You might experience some of these symptoms, or others. Diarrhoea (more often) Stomach pain (more often) Blood in your poo Feeling tired all the time Not wanting to eat or losing weight Bloating Other symptoms (like mouth sores or joint pain) Think you might be having a flare? A flare means your IBD is active, which can cause symptoms like tummy pain, diarrhoea, urgency, blood in your poo or feeling really tired. Flares can be different for everyone. Your IBD team can help you work out what’s happening and what to do next. What is a flare? What can help right now? Here are some things that might help you feel a bit more comfortable. Stay hydrated Aim to drink regularly throughout the day. Water, oral rehydration solutions (like electrolytes) or clear fluids can help, especially if you're having diarrhoea. Eat what you can Choose simple, gentle foods that feel good for you, such as plain carbs (rice, pasta, toast), bananas, lean protein and cooked vegetables. Everyone is different, so eat what you can tolerate. Rest Give your body extra rest and take it easy. It's okay to slow down and do less while you're unwell. Talk to someone Let a parent, carer, teacher or your IBD team know how you're feeling, especially if your symptoms are getting worse or lasting more than a few days. Helpful articles Explore more and find answers to the questions you might have. How to manage stomach pain during a flare Read more What to eat during a flare Read more Feeling tired during a flare Read more View all articles Flares are hard, but they don't last forever It can reel really tough right now, but you're doing your best, and that's enough. Most flares do settle with the right treatment and support. Be kind to yourself.

Guidance and support for every stage of your IBD journey, from diagnosis and flares to remission, school, relationships and becoming more independent. Where are you on your IBD journey? IBD can look different for everyone. Choose the stage that feels most like where you are right now. Thinking I might have IBD You're noticing symptoms and looking for answers Explore this stage Just been diagnosed It can feel like a lot. Here's what to expect and how to take the next steps. Explore this stage Having a flare Flares are tough. Find practical tips and support to help you through. Explore this stage Living with IBD It's about finding out what works for you and doing the things that make you happy. Explore this stage Not sure where to start? That's okay. Here are some other ways to find what you need. I'm a kid or teen I'm a parent or carer I'm a teacher Living with IBD can be challenging, but with the right information, support and care, there are so many good days ahead.

Practical support for kids, teens and families living with IBD, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, including symptoms, treatment, school, food, friendships and daily life. Living with IBD Same you. Brighter tomorrows. IBD is part of your life, but it doesn't define you. With the right treatment, support and strategies, you can still do the things you love Home > Your IBD Journey > Living with IBD What does living with IBD look like? Everyone's experience is different, but here are some of the areas that can be part of the journey. Sport & activities You can still be active Friends & relationships Be yourself Medication Helps keep you well School Learn, participate and thrive Food & nutrition Find what works for you Feelings & mental health It's okay to have ups and downs Things can be challenging - and that's okay. There might be days when IBD feels hard. You might feel tired, have symptoms, or worry about what other people think. You're not alone in feeling this way, and there are things that can help. Tips for everyday life Real questions about living with IBD You're not the only one wondering. Here are some of the questions kids and teens ask. Do I have to tell my friends I have IBD? What if I forget my medication? Can I go on school camp? Will I always have to think about my IBD? Helpful articles Explore more and find answers to the questions you might have. Can I still play sport? Read more Tips for travelling with IBD Read more Do I have to tell my friends? Read more View all articles You can still do the things you love. IBD might mean making a few adjustments, but it doesn't mean missing out. With good planning and support, you can keep doing the things that make you you. Play sport Spend time with friends Do what you enjoy

Practical support, information and resources for parents and carers of children and teens living with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and IBD. You're not alone We're here to help Practical information and support for parents and carers of children and teens with IBD You're doing an amazing job Start here Where are you right now? Find information for the stage of the journey you're in We think our child might have IBD Our child has just been diagnosed Our child is having a flare Explore Topics Choose a topic to find helpful articles and real answers New Diagnosis What happens now? Tests, questions to ask, and what to expect Flares Spot the signs, what to do, and getting the right support Medication Understanding treatments, side effects, and staying on track food & nutrition Eating well with IBD, special diets and gut-friendly tips School Working with teachers, absences, school plans and extra support growth and puberty Growth, puberty and body changes with IBD Mental wellbeing Worry, stress, big feelings and looking after your child's mental health appointments Getting ready, what to ask and after the visit family & relationships Siblings, friendships and supporting the whole family Managing day to day Routines, toilets, sleep, fatigue, travel and everyday life parent wellbeing Looking after yourself, managing stress and finding support Tests & procedures Tests, scans and procedures that help diagnose and monitor IBD. Featured for parents Helpful articles to support you right now new diagnosis My child has just been diagnosed with IBD. What happens now? Understand what a flare is, why it happens, and what to look for. Read More appointments What to ask at your child's gastro appointment A step-by-step guide to the early days after diagnosis. Read More school IBD and school: what parents need to know Information and tips to help teachers support kids with IBD. Read More Tests & procedures Supporting your child's mental health with IBD A simple explainer for kids and parents. Read More Why am I so tired? Do I have to tell my friends? Can I still play sport? Questions kids actually ask What if I don't make it to the toilet? See all questions What do you need help with today? I'm worried about the toilet I'm worried about school I think I'm having a flare I'm feeling worried or different I have questions about my medicine I need help talking to someone More ways we can help Featured for you What is a flare? What happens at a colonoscopy? Can I play sport with IBD? School & IBD View all articles You're not alone Lots of kids and teens live with IBD. Read their stories and know that you're not alone. Stories from kids & teens And for the grown ups... Want information about helping your child with IBD? Go to the Parent Hub This information does not replace advice from your IBD team or urgent medical care. If you are ever concerned, please contact your IBD team or seek medical help

Answers to common questions kids and teens ask about IBD, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, including symptoms, treatment, food, school, friendships and everyday life. Kids & Teens Questions Real questions from kids and teens. Find answers about IBD, school, friends, symptoms and everyday life. Explore Kids & Teen Topics Simple information to help you understand IBD and feel more confident. Understanding IBD Symptoms Flares Medication Food & Nutrition School Feelings & Mental Wellbeing Sports & Activities Friends & Relationships Living with IBD Questions Kids & Teens Ask Real questions. Simple answers. What happens during an IBD check-up? Learn what happens during an IBD check-up, from talking about your symptoms and checking your growth to blood tests, poo tests and ultrasounds. Read More Why you might eat differently during a flare-up Understand why your appetite, food choices and eating habits might change during an IBD flare-up. Read More What does my diagnosis mean? Learn what your diagnosis means, what to expect with treatment, flares, school, food, sport and appointments — and why having IBD doesn't mean you have to stop doing the things you love. Read More Could I have IBD? Learn about the common symptoms that may lead doctors to investigate Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Why am I so tired? Feeling exhausted is common with IBD. Learn why IBD can make you tired, what can contribute to fatigue, and when it’s important to tell your parent, carer, or IBD team. Read More What is IBD? What is IBD? Learn about inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, common IBD symptoms, flares, treatment and remission in this simple, kid-friendly guide for children and teens. Read More How IBD can affect your growth and development Learn how IBD can affect your height, weight and puberty, why everyone develops at a different pace, and how to support healthy growth. Read More Can certain foods trigger my IBD symptoms? Learn how certain foods may affect your IBD symptoms and why triggers can vary from person to person. Read More What is a colonoscopy? What is a colonoscopy? Find out why you might need one, what to expect before, during and after the procedure, including bowel prep, anaesthesia, biopsies, waking up and getting your results. Read More Can I still play sport? Find out how you can stay active and enjoy sport while living with IBD, including tips for managing toilet access, hydration, medicines, flares, and competitions. Read More What if I don't make it to the toilet? Learn what to do if you have an accident, how to feel more prepared, and ways to manage toilet anxiety when living with IBD. Read More What can I eat when my tummy is playing up? Discover foods that may feel easier to eat when your tummy is upset and your IBD symptoms are bothering you. Read More Do I still need to take medication if I feel fine? Find out why treatment may still be important when you feel well, what your medicine is doing, and what to do if you forget a dose, have side effects or want to stop taking it. Read More What tests might I need? Find out what to expect from blood tests, poo tests, ultrasounds, MRI/MRE scans, endoscopies and biopsies — explained simply, so you know what might happen and why. Read More Do I have to tell my friends? Learn whether you have to tell your friends about having IBD, how to decide who you feel comfortable telling, and what you can say if they ask questions. Read More What is a flare? Learn about common flare symptoms, what can cause them, what to do when your symptoms change and when to ask for help. Read More Still have a question? If you can't find what you're looking for, get in touch and we'll try to help. Ask a question

Share your IBD story and connect with a community of kids, teens, parents and carers living with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and IBD. Share your story Your story can make a difference Living with IBD can be challenging, but you don't have to do it alone. By sharing your experience you can help other kids, teens and families feel less alone and more supported. Every story is unique. Every story matters. You are not alone Your story helps others know they're not the only one Inspire and support Your experience might give hope of practical tips to another family Build our community Together we can build a strong, supportive IBD community in Australia Create change Real stories help raise awareness and understanding of IBD What kind of stories are we looking for? Your child or teen's IBD journey Living with IBD day to day Life at school with IBD Challenges, wins, and everything in between Tips that have helped your family Anything you feel might help another family How it works Your story. Your choice. You decide what to share. You can remain anonymous or use your first name. We respect your privacy. 1. Share Complete our simple online form with your story. 2. Review We review each submission to make sure it follows our community guidelines . 3. We'll be in touch We may contact you if we have any questions. 4. Publish Your story may be published on our website to help and inspire others. 5. Make an impact Your story could make someone's IBD journey a little easier. Ready to share? It only takes a few minutes to share your story. We are so grateful for your time and trust. Share Your Story Here Before you get started Please do not include personal medical information about anyone other than your child. Do not include anyone else's personal information. By submitting you agree to our Community Guidelines . We may edit your story for length, clarity and privacy. Thank you for being brave enough to share. Your story could be the one that helps another family feel less alone today.

Practical information and resources to help teachers and schools support students living with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and IBD. Teachers & Schools Helping students with IBD feel safe, included and supported at school. With understanding and a few simple adjustments, students with IBD can learn, participate and thrive at school. The things schools need to understand Toilet access Urgency can happen quickly. Students may need immediate access to a toilet Fatigue IBD and its treatment can make concentration and energy levels harder. Flares Symptoms can change, and a student may need extra support during a flare. Appointments & absences Hospital and medical appointments can mean missed school days. Privacy & dignity Students shouldn't have to explain their condition to anyone. School support Creating an IBD-Friendly Classroom Practical tips for a supportive environment. Flares at School How to help them feel safe and supported Toilet Access Understanding urgency, accidents and toilet access Exams & Assignments Extra time, breaks and flexible adjustments Sport & Physical Education Helping students stay active in a way that works for them Mental Wellbeing & Friendships The emotional side of IBD and how you can help School Camps & Excursions Planning ahead so students can join with confidence Appointments & Absences Appointments and how they affect school IBD-Related Fatigue How IBD-related fatigue can affect concentration, learning and behaviour. See all articles A student with IBD might... Need to leave the classroom suddenly. Allow quick and easy access to the toilet without asking lots of questions. Be exhausted. Be understanding of tiredness and offer flexible options when possible. Not want everyone knowing they have IBD. Respect their privacy and speak with them discreetly. Be worried about having an accident. Reassure them and let them know it's okay to ask for help. Have missed a lot of school. Help them catch up in a way that's realistic and supportive. Have sudden stomach pain or cramps. Give them a quiet place to sit and allow time to recover. Struggle to concentrate when they are tired or in pain. Break tasks into manageable steps and allow extra time when needed. Free teacher resources IBD School Support Plan Student Return to School Plan School Camp & Excursion Checklist IBD and Exams/Assessment Checklist School Absence & Catch-Up Guide Teachers Quick Guide to IBD IBD Classroom Support Cheat Sheet Supporting Fatigue & Concentration Explore more downloads For Teachers Start here. New to supporting a student with IBD? A simple guide to help you understand IBD, recognise challenges and feel confident supporting your student. Get the guide For Parents Need help talking to your child's school? How to tell the school about IBD What support can I ask for? Preparing for a meeting with the school Get the guide Have a question? Not sure what to do in a particular situation? Find answers to common questions about supporting students with IBD. Ask a question

Share your experience of living with IBD and help other kids, teens, parents and carers feel less alone on their IBD journey. Share your story Your story can make a difference Every IBD journey is different. By sharing your experience, you could help another child, teen or family feel less alone. You can share as much or as little as you feel comfortable with. You can remain anonymous, and you can choose what information you would like us to publish. Your name* Email* We’ll only use this to contact you about your submission. It won’t be published. Who are you?* Parent or carer Young person with IBD I am an adult but was diagnosed as a child Sibling Other Tell us your story* There is no right or wrong way to tell it. You can write as much or as little as you like. You might like to tell us what happened, how you felt, what you found difficult, what helped, and what you wish other families knew. What was the hardest part of this experience for you or your family? Was there anything that helped you get through it? Is there anything you wish you had known at the time? What would you say to another child, teenager or family going through something similar? Would you like to share a photo with your story? Yes — I can send one separately No, thank you Want to include a photo? You can email your photo to us after submitting your story. Please only send photos you have permission to share. How would you like your story to appear on IBD Kids? Share your story Thank you! Your story could make a real difference. Your story. Your choice. You are in control You choose what to share and how it's used. You can remain anonymous Use your first name, a different name or remain anonymous We respect your privacy We never share personal information. You can change your mind. You can request changes or removal of your story at any time. Tips for sharing There's no right or wrong way to tell your story. You might like to think about: What happened How you felt What was challenging What helped What you wish others knew What you'd say to someone going through something similar Need help? If you have any questions or need support with your submission, please contact us . Contact us Questions about sharing your story? If you have any questions about the Share Your Story process, you can contact us at stories@ibdkids.com Thank you for being part of our community. We are so grateful for your courage in sharing your story.

Hospital & Appointments What happens during an IBD check-up? Learn what happens during an IBD check-up, from talking about your symptoms and checking your growth to blood tests, poo tests and ultrasounds. If you have Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, you’ll probably have regular check-ups with your IBD team. These appointments help your doctors see how you’re feeling, check how your body is doing, and make sure your treatment is working. You might feel a little nervous before an appointment, especially if you’re not sure what will happen. The good news is that most check-ups are just a chance to talk, ask questions, and make sure you’re getting the support you need. 🩺 Talking about how you feel Your doctor or IBD nurse will usually ask how you’ve been feeling since your last appointment. They might ask about: Whether you’ve had tummy pain, diarrhoea, constipation, or blood in your poo. How often you go to the toilet. Whether you’ve been feeling tired or low on energy. How well you’ve been eating and sleeping. Whether you’ve had any problems with your medication. How things are going at school, with friends, and at home. They might also ask how you’re feeling emotionally. Living with IBD can sometimes be stressful, and it’s okay to talk about worries, embarrassment, or anything else that’s bothering you. Remember: You can be honest about your symptoms, even if they feel embarrassing. Your IBD team has heard these things before, and they’re there to help you. 📏 Checking your growth and weight Your doctor or nurse may measure your height and weight to see how you’re growing. IBD can sometimes make it harder for your body to absorb nutrients or get the energy it needs to grow. Inflammation and some medications can also affect your growth and weight. These measurements help your team check that you’re growing as expected and work out whether you need any extra support with food, nutrition, or treatment. You might also talk about puberty and the changes happening to your body. Everyone develops at their own pace, and your doctor can help if you have any concerns. 🩹 Having a physical examination Sometimes, your doctor will examine you to check how your body is doing. This might include: Gently feeling your tummy to check for pain or tenderness. Listening to your tummy with a stethoscope. Checking your mouth for sores. Looking for signs of problems outside your gut, such as sore joints or skin changes. Sometimes your doctor may also perform an ultrasound to get a closer look at your tummy and see what’s happening inside your body. Your doctor will explain what they need to do before examining you. You can ask questions at any time, and you can tell them if you feel uncomfortable or worried. You should always feel respected during your appointment. 🩸 Having blood or poo tests Your IBD team may arrange tests to check what’s happening inside your body, even if you feel well. Blood tests can help check for inflammation, low iron, anaemia, and other signs that your body might need extra support. Poo tests can measure a substance called calprotectin. This helps doctors look for inflammation in your gut. Sometimes, your team may ask for other tests, depending on your symptoms, medication, and treatment plan. You won’t necessarily need every test at every appointment. Your team will explain which ones you need and why. 💊 Checking your medication Your doctor or nurse will usually ask how your medication is going. They might check: Whether your medication is helping your symptoms. Whether you’ve missed any doses or found it difficult to take. Whether you’ve noticed any side effects. Whether your dose needs to change. Whether you need blood tests to check that your medication is safe. If you’re struggling with tablets, injections, remembering doses, or side effects, tell your team. They may be able to help you find a solution. Never stop or change your medication without talking to your IBD team first. 💬 Asking questions about your IBD Your check-up is not just about answering your doctor's questions. It's also your chance to ask about anything you want to understand better. You might want to ask: Is my IBD under control? Are my symptoms normal? Is my medication working? Can I still play sport and do the activities I enjoy? What should I do if I start feeling worse? Is there anything I should know about growing up with IBD? If you forget what you wanted to ask, try writing your questions down before your appointment or saving them on your phone. There are no silly questions, and you deserve to understand what’s happening with your health. 🔄 What happens if something needs to change? Sometimes, your check-up shows that your IBD is well controlled and your treatment is working. Other times, your doctor might find signs of inflammation or discover that your medication needs adjusting. If something needs to change, your team will talk to you about the options and explain what happens next. You might need more tests, a different medication, or another appointment sooner than expected. This doesn't mean you've done anything wrong. IBD can change over time, and your team is there to help you manage it. 😊 How to prepare for your check-up A little preparation can help you feel more confident before your appointment. Write down your symptoms. Include anything new or different, even if it seems small. Make a list of questions. This helps you remember what you want to ask. Bring your medication list. Include any vitamins or supplements you take. Speak up about your worries. Tell your team if something is making you anxious. Take someone you trust. A parent, carer, or another trusted adult can help you feel more comfortable. As you get older, you may start taking a bigger role in your appointments. You can practise asking questions, explaining your symptoms, and understanding your treatment one step at a time. 💙 Remember, your check-up is about you IBD check-ups help your team understand how you're doing, even when you feel fine. They can help catch problems early, keep track of your growth, and make sure your treatment is right for you. It's completely normal to feel nervous, bored, or even frustrated about having regular appointments. But you are an important part of your healthcare team, and your thoughts and feelings matter. Your job isn't to know everything about IBD. It's to tell your team how you're feeling and ask for help when you need it. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like

Get answers to common IBD questions from kids, teens, parents and carers about Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, symptoms, treatment, food, school and everyday life. What are you wondering about? Have a question about IBD? You're not the only one. Find straightforward answers to real questions about living with and supporting someone with IBD. Try "toilet", "fatigue", "school", "food" or "medication" Who are you? Choose the section that's right for you Kids & Teens Real questions about IBD, school, friends, symptoms and everyday life Explore questions Parents & Carers Answers to the questions parents often have about their child's IBD. Explore questions Teachers & Schools Practical answers to help schools support students with IBD. Explore questions Questions people are asking Here are some common questions from our community. Can a student with IBD use the toilet whenever they need? Teachers & Schools Parents What does an IBD flare look like? What if I don't make it to the toilet? Kids & Teens My child has just been diagnosed with IBD. What happens now? Parents Kids & Teens Can I still play sport? Why am I so tired? Kids & Teens View all questions Still can't find what you're looking for? We're here to help. If you have a question that isn't answered on our site, get in touch. Contact us

Practical information and resources to help teachers and schools support students living with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and IBD. IBD Kids Australia Information, support and resources for children, teens and families living with IBD in Australia. Practical support for everyday life - from healthcare and schools to medications and local organisations Explore Australian Resources Healthcare Understand how IBD care works in Australia, including Medicare, specialists and seeing an IBD team. Medications Information about IBD medications in Australia, including PBS and access to treatments. School Resources to support children and teens with IBD in Australian schools. Support Find Australian organisations, support networks and useful contacts. Information about how IBD care works in Australia, including Medicare, specialists, hospitals and what to expect. View all healthcare resources School absences, missed work and catching up 504 plans and IEPs for students with IBD Understanding IBD and the US school system School camps, excursions and sport Healthcare Resources healthcare The Australian healthcare system How IBD care works in Australia, who is involved and what to expect. Read More Medications Australian IBD medications An overview of medications used to treat IBD in Australia. Read More school IBD and Australian schools Support, absences and accommodation for students with IBD. Read More Support Australian IBD Organisations Find support, information and connections with Australian IBD organisations. Read More Have a question? Not sure what to do in a particular situation? Find answers to common questions about supporting students with IBD. Ask a question

Support, advice and real answers for kids and teens living with IBD, Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Explore school, friendships, feelings, food and more. This is your space. We've got you. Helpful info, real answers and practical tools for kids and teens aged 5-16 living with IBD. Start here Not sure where to start? Choose the one that sounds like you I think I might have IBD I've just been diagnosed I'm having a flare Explore Topics Choose a topic to find helpful articles and real answers Questions Answers to the questions you might be wondering about IBD school School, teachers, camps and toilets friends & relationships Friends, dating and relationships Hospital & Appointments Tests, visits and hospital stays feelings & mental health Worry, stress and big feelings growth & puberty Growth, puberty and body changes with IBD sports & activities Staying active with IBD food & nutrition Food, eating and getting the nutrients you need Medications Understanding your medicines and treatment Flares Understanding and managing flares Living with IBD The everyday stuff that comes with living with IBD independence Building confidence and taking more control of your IBD Questions kids actually ask What if I don't make it to the toilet? Why am I so tired? Do I have to tell my friends? Can I still play sport? See all questions What do you need help with today? I'm worried about the toilet I'm worried about school I think I'm having a flare I'm feeling worried or different I have questions about my medicine I need help talking to someone More ways we can help Featured for you What is a flare? What happens at a colonoscopy? Can I play sport with IBD? School & IBD View all articles You're not alone Lots of kids and teens live with IBD. Read their stories and know that you're not alone. Stories from kids & teens And for the grown ups... Want information about helping your child with IBD? Go to the Parent Hub This information does not replace advice from your IBD team or urgent medical care. If you are ever concerned, please contact your IBD team or seek medical help

Explore IBD resources for kids, teens, parents, carers and teachers, covering Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, symptoms, treatment, flares, school and everyday life. Find answers, information and practical help for living with IBD kids & teens resources browse by topic Understanding IBD Symptoms Flares Medication Food & Nutrition School Feelings & Mental Wellbeing Sports & Activities Friends & Relationships Living with IBD Helpful information, guides and tools to help you understand IBD and feel more confident. Recovering after a colonoscopy: what to expect Find out what to expect after a colonoscopy, including recovery, tummy discomfort, eating, toilet changes, and when you can return to school and everyday activities. Read More Blood tests explained: what are doctors looking for? Learn why blood tests are important when you have IBD, what doctors are looking for, and how they help monitor inflammation, nutrition, and medication safety. Read More How steroids can change your appearance Learn how steroids used to treat IBD can affect your face, weight and skin, why these changes happen, and how to cope with side effects and body image worries. Read More How IBD can affect your growth and development Learn how IBD can affect your height, weight and puberty, why everyone develops at a different pace, and how to support healthy growth. Read More Learning to say no when you're not feeling well Learn how to say no when you’re not feeling well, set healthy boundaries, and handle disappointment without feeling guilty. Discover ways to protect your energy while maintaining friendships and enjoying the things that matter to you. Read More Explaining IBD to your friends Learn how to explain IBD to your friends, answer their questions, and talk about your condition without feeling embarrassed. Read More Finding your happy place: hobbies that help you cope Discover how hobbies can help you relax, express your feelings, and take a break from the challenges of living with IBD. Read More When friends don't understand your IBD Learn how to explain IBD to your friends, handle hurtful comments, and cope when others don't understand what you're going through. Read More Why you might eat differently during a flare-up Understand why your appetite, food choices and eating habits might change during an IBD flare-up. Read More Food and IBD: what kids and teens need to know Learn how food can affect IBD symptoms and discover ways to get the nutrients your body needs to grow and stay healthy. Read More What to eat during a flare Learn what foods may feel easier to tolerate, which foods might make symptoms worse, how to stay hydrated and why you don't need to follow a strict “IBD diet.” Read More What does my diagnosis mean? Learn what your diagnosis means, what to expect with treatment, flares, school, food, sport and appointments — and why having IBD doesn't mean you have to stop doing the things you love. Read More Could I have IBD? Learn about the common symptoms that may lead doctors to investigate Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Read More Flare survival kit Discover what to include in your flare survival kit to help you feel more comfortable, prepared, and supported when IBD symptoms get tough. Read More Can I still play sport? Find out how you can stay active and enjoy sport while living with IBD, including tips for managing toilet access, hydration, medicines, flares, and competitions. Read More What if I don't make it to the toilet? Learn what to do if you have an accident, how to feel more prepared, and ways to manage toilet anxiety when living with IBD. Read More Understanding your IBD medicines Understanding what your IBD medicines do, why you need them, and how they help keep your bowel healthy. Read More What is IBD? What is IBD? Learn about inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, common IBD symptoms, flares, treatment and remission in this simple, kid-friendly guide for children and teens. Read More What to pack in your hospital bag Find out what to pack for a hospital stay when you have IBD, from comfortable clothes and toiletries to entertainment and essentials that help you feel more at home. Read More What happens during an IBD check-up? Learn what happens during an IBD check-up, from talking about your symptoms and checking your growth to blood tests, poo tests and ultrasounds. Read More Understanding puberty when you have Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis Understand how Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can affect puberty, why your body might develop differently, and how to feel confident and supported as you grow. Read More How to recognise people you can trust Learn how to recognise trustworthy friends and adults, spot warning signs, protect your privacy, and build relationships with people who respect and support you while living with IBD. Read More Dating with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis Explore dating with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, from deciding when to share your diagnosis to managing symptoms and building confidence. Learn how to set boundaries and find relationships where you feel accepted and respected. Read More The connection between stress, emotions and IBD symptoms Explore how stress and emotions can affect the way you feel when living with IBD, and learn practical ways to manage stress and difficult feelings. Read More When your body changes because of IBD or medication Learn how IBD and its medications can affect your weight, skin, hair, growth, and body shape, and discover ways to cope with body image worries. Read More When IBD feels unfair: coping with the “why me?” moments Discover ways to cope with difficult emotions, feel less alone, and find support when IBD feels overwhelming. Read More Foods that help you get the nutrients you need Discover the foods that help your body grow, stay strong, and get the nutrients it needs when you have IBD. Read More Tips for travelling with IBD Learn how to prepare your medicines, plan for toilets, pack an IBD travel kit, manage food and fluids, and know what to do if you become unwell while you're away. Read More How to manage stomach pain during a flare Learn practical ways to stay comfortable, including rest, gentle warmth, staying hydrated, eating when you can and knowing when to tell an adult or contact your IBD team. Read More What is a colonoscopy? What is a colonoscopy? Find out why you might need one, what to expect before, during and after the procedure, including bowel prep, anaesthesia, biopsies, waking up and getting your results. Read More Going on a school camp with IBD Find out how to prepare for camp, plan for toilet access, medicines, food and fatigue, talk to teachers, handle unexpected symptoms. Read More Signs I might be having a flare Learn about the signs to look out for, including changes in your poo, tummy pain, urgency, tiredness, appetite, weight, and how you’re feeling. Read More Do I have to tell my friends? Learn whether you have to tell your friends about having IBD, how to decide who you feel comfortable telling, and what you can say if they ask questions. Read More Worrying about IBD Learn how to handle common worries, calm your mind, and know when it’s time to ask for support. Read More Going to school with IBD Practical tips and support for managing IBD at school, from toilet access and flare days to talking with teachers and handling questions from friends. Read More What to expect when you need an iron infusion Find out why you might need an iron infusion, what happens during the appointment, possible side effects, and how it can help you feel better when you have IBD. Read More Why your body needs extra nutrients while growing Discover why your growing body needs extra nutrients, which vitamins and minerals matter most, and how IBD can affect nutrition, growth and development. Read More Coping with weight changes caused by IBD or its medication Learn why IBD and its medications can cause weight changes, how to cope with body image worries, and ways to look after yourself with confidence. Read More Handling questions from classmates about hospital visits Learn how to handle questions from classmates about hospital visits, decide what to share about your IBD, and set boundaries when questions feel personal or uncomfortable. Read More When you feel guilty about the impact of IBD on your family Living with IBD can sometimes leave you feeling guilty about the impact on your family, from cancelled plans to extra worry and responsibilities. Learn why these feelings happen, how to stop blaming yourself, and how to remember that you deserve love and support without feeling guilty. Read More How to ask for mental health support when you have IBD Learn how to recognise when you need mental health support, find someone you trust to talk to, and ask for help when living with IBD feels overwhelming. Read More Hospital appointments and medical anxiety: getting through the scary bits Discover practical ways to manage anxiety, prepare for appointments, and feel more confident asking questions and speaking up about your needs. Read More What can I eat when my tummy is playing up? Discover foods that may feel easier to eat when your tummy is upset and your IBD symptoms are bothering you. Read More Can certain foods trigger my IBD symptoms? Learn how certain foods may affect your IBD symptoms and why triggers can vary from person to person. Read More Feeling tired during a flare Learn why fatigue can happen, how it can affect school, sport and everyday life, and practical ways to look after yourself while your body is recovering. Read More Do I still need to take medication if I feel fine? Find out why treatment may still be important when you feel well, what your medicine is doing, and what to do if you forget a dose, have side effects or want to stop taking it. Read More What tests might I need? Find out what to expect from blood tests, poo tests, ultrasounds, MRI/MRE scans, endoscopies and biopsies — explained simply, so you know what might happen and why. Read More Going back to school after an IBD Flare Learn how to make the transition back to school easier with practical tips for managing toilet trips, tiredness, schoolwork, friends, PE and what to do if your symptoms return. Read More What to do in a flare This guide explains what to do when you think you’re having a flare, from telling your IBD team and taking your medicines to staying hydrated, eating enough and managing school. Read More Why am I so tired? Feeling exhausted is common with IBD. Learn why IBD can make you tired, what can contribute to fatigue, and when it’s important to tell your parent, carer, or IBD team. Read More Sport and exercise when you have IBD Learn how you can stay active with IBD, manage things like toilet access and tiredness, and know when it’s okay to slow down or take a break. Read More What is a flare? Learn about common flare symptoms, what can cause them, what to do when your symptoms change and when to ask for help. Read More browse all resources

Gut Health & Wellbeing Curcumin and turmeric for IBD: what does the research show? Explore the research on turmeric and curcumin for IBD, including potential benefits for ulcerative colitis, evidence for Crohn’s disease, safety considerations and what parents should know before considering supplements. If your child has Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, you may have come across turmeric or curcumin as a natural way to help reduce inflammation. Curcumin, the main active compound in turmeric, has attracted scientific interest because of its potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Some studies suggest it may help improve symptoms and support remission in people with ulcerative colitis when used alongside conventional treatment. But does it work? Is it helpful for both types of IBD? And is it safe for children? Let's look at what the research shows, where the evidence is promising and what parents should know before considering a supplement. 🟠 What is the difference between turmeric and curcumin? Turmeric is a yellow-orange spice commonly used in cooking, particularly in South Asian cuisine. It comes from the root of the Curcuma longa plant. Curcumin is one of the active compounds found in turmeric and is thought to contribute to many of its biological effects. Although the terms are often used interchangeably, they are not quite the same. Turmeric: The whole spice, containing curcumin and other naturally occurring compounds. Curcumin: A specific compound extracted from turmeric and often concentrated in supplements. Curcumin supplements: Products that may contain concentrated curcumin or formulations designed to improve its absorption. The amount of curcumin in ordinary turmeric is relatively low. Most clinical research into IBD has investigated concentrated curcumin preparations rather than simply adding turmeric to meals. This means the findings from supplement studies cannot automatically be applied to turmeric used in everyday cooking. 🔬 How might curcumin affect inflammation? Researchers are interested in curcumin because it appears to influence several biological processes involved in inflammation. Laboratory and early clinical research suggests that curcumin may: Influence inflammatory signalling pathways in the body. Help regulate the release of certain inflammatory molecules. Provide antioxidant effects that may help limit oxidative stress. Influence interactions between the immune system and the intestinal environment. These mechanisms are relevant to IBD, where an abnormal immune response contributes to ongoing inflammation in the digestive tract. However, promising laboratory findings do not necessarily translate into effective treatment in humans. The important question is whether curcumin produces measurable improvements in symptoms, intestinal inflammation and remission. 📚 What does the research show for ulcerative colitis? The evidence for curcumin is most promising in ulcerative colitis. Several clinical trials have investigated curcumin alongside standard treatment, particularly mesalazine (also called mesalamine or 5-ASA). A 2025 systematic review and meta-analysis examined 13 placebo-controlled randomised trials of curcumin in IBD. The researchers found evidence suggesting that curcumin may improve clinical response and remission rates in people with ulcerative colitis. However, the studies differed in their formulations, doses and treatment durations, and the results showed considerable variation between trials. The review also found that curcumin did not demonstrate a clear benefit for clinical or endoscopic remission in Crohn’s disease. Further research is needed to establish its effectiveness and safety. Read the systematic review on PubMed . The European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) has also recognised curcumin as a possible additional treatment for selected people with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis, particularly alongside mesalazine. It highlights that the optimal formulation, dose and duration remain uncertain and that medical supervision is important. This is encouraging, but it does not mean curcumin is a proven treatment for everyone with ulcerative colitis. More research is needed before clear recommendations can be made about which products work best and who is most likely to benefit. 🔎 What about Crohn’s disease? The evidence for curcumin in Crohn’s disease is much less convincing. Although curcumin has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in laboratory research, clinical trials have not established that it reliably induces or maintains remission in people with Crohn’s disease. The 2025 systematic review mentioned above found no clear superiority over placebo for clinical or endoscopic remission in Crohn’s disease. This distinction is important because Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are different conditions. A supplement that shows potential benefits in one does not necessarily work in the other. At present, curcumin should not be considered an established treatment for Crohn’s disease. 👶 Is there research involving children with IBD? This is particularly important for parents. Much of the clinical evidence for curcumin in IBD comes from studies involving adults. There is not enough high-quality evidence to establish whether curcumin supplements are effective or safe for children with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Children have different nutritional requirements and are still growing and developing. A supplement that has been studied in adults cannot automatically be assumed to be appropriate for a child. There is also no established, evidence-based dose of curcumin for inducing remission in children with IBD. If you are considering curcumin for your child, discuss it with their gastroenterologist before starting a supplement. Their treating team can help you weigh up the available evidence, potential risks and any possible interactions with their medication. 💊 Can curcumin be taken alongside IBD medication? Some studies have investigated curcumin as an add-on to conventional treatment rather than as a replacement for medication. In ulcerative colitis, research has particularly examined curcumin alongside mesalazine or similar 5-ASA medicines. However, this does not establish that curcumin works with every IBD medication or that it is suitable for every patient. If your child takes medication such as mesalazine, azathioprine, corticosteroids or biologic therapies, tell their gastroenterologist about any supplements you are considering. Do not stop, reduce or replace prescribed medication with turmeric or curcumin. If a supplement is being considered, the decision should be made with the treating team. ⚠️ Is curcumin safe? Curcumin was generally well tolerated in the clinical trials included in the 2025 review, with no significant difference in overall adverse events compared with placebo. However, the studies were relatively small and do not establish that every product is safe for everyone. Potential concerns include: Digestive symptoms: Some people experience nausea, abdominal discomfort or diarrhoea. Medication interactions: Curcumin may interact with certain medicines, including medicines that affect blood clotting. Liver concerns: Rare cases of liver injury have been associated with turmeric or curcumin supplements, particularly some concentrated or enhanced-absorption formulations. Product differences: Supplements can vary considerably in concentration, formulation, purity and quality. Some products contain piperine, a compound derived from black pepper, to increase curcumin absorption. This can also affect how the body processes certain medicines. More absorption is not automatically better, especially when the ideal dose and long-term safety for children with IBD have not been established. If your child develops new symptoms after starting a supplement, stop giving it and seek advice from their healthcare team. Yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine or other signs of possible liver injury require prompt medical assessment. 🍛 Is turmeric in food beneficial? Turmeric can be included in meals as part of a varied diet if your child tolerates it. Using turmeric in cooking is different from taking a concentrated supplement. The amount of curcumin consumed in food is generally much lower than the amounts used in clinical trials. There is currently insufficient evidence to say that adding turmeric to meals can induce remission or reliably reduce intestinal inflammation in children with IBD. However, turmeric can be enjoyed as a culinary ingredient without expecting it to act as a treatment. There is no need to force your child to eat turmeric if they dislike it or find that it worsens their digestive symptoms. 🩺 Can curcumin help induce or maintain remission? The current evidence can be summarised as follows: Ulcerative colitis: Curcumin shows promise as an additional treatment alongside conventional medication, but the best formulation, dose and duration remain uncertain. Crohn’s disease: Current clinical evidence does not establish a reliable benefit for inducing or maintaining remission. Children with IBD: Evidence is insufficient to recommend curcumin supplements routinely. Turmeric in food: It can be part of a balanced diet, but it has not been established as a treatment for active IBD. It is also important to distinguish symptom improvement from remission. Even if a person feels better after taking a supplement, that does not necessarily mean intestinal inflammation has resolved. Their IBD team may need to assess symptoms, blood tests, faecal calprotectin or other investigations to determine whether the disease is under control. ❤️ What should parents take away from the research? Curcumin is an interesting area of research, particularly for ulcerative colitis. Some clinical studies suggest it may provide additional benefits when combined with conventional treatment. However, it is not a cure for IBD, and the evidence does not support using it as a replacement for prescribed medication. There is also insufficient evidence to recommend curcumin supplements routinely for children. If you are exploring complementary approaches to support your child's health, you do not have to dismiss them outright or try everything that is promoted online. A conversation with your child's gastroenterologist can help you separate promising research from unproven claims and make informed decisions about safety. 📚 Further reading European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) — International clinical guidance and research on IBD. Curcumin for the clinical treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis — A review of clinical trial evidence for curcumin in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The use of curcumin as a complementary therapy in ulcerative colitis — An earlier systematic review of clinical trials investigating curcumin alongside conventional treatment. This article is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice. Always consult your child's healthcare team before introducing a new supplement, particularly if your child takes prescription medication. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Can dietary changes help induce IBD remission? Can dietary changes help induce IBD remission? Learn about nutritional therapies, anti-inflammatory diets and how food can support children with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Read More Evinature for children with IBD: exploring natural support Explore Evinature as a natural approach to IBD, including the research, potential benefits, safety considerations and costs parents should know before considering it for their child. Read More My child has just been diagnosed with IBD. What happens now? A practical guide for parents covering Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, treatment, medications, tests, nutrition, school, flares and supporting your child in the early days. Read More Creating an IBD school support plan Learn how to create a practical school support plan for your child with IBD, covering toilet access, flares, fatigue, medication, absences, learning, PE, camps and emotional wellbeing. Read More

Gut Health & Wellbeing Can dietary changes help induce IBD remission? Can dietary changes help induce IBD remission? Learn about nutritional therapies, anti-inflammatory diets and how food can support children with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. If your child has Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, you may have wondered whether changing their diet could help settle inflammation and bring their IBD into remission. It is understandable to look for ways to help your child feel better, particularly when they are experiencing a flare. Food can play an important role in managing IBD, supporting growth and maintaining overall health. However, the relationship between diet and remission is more complicated than simply removing certain foods or following an anti-inflammatory diet. The good news is that some dietary therapies have been shown to help induce remission in children with Crohn’s disease. The evidence is different for ulcerative colitis, and not every dietary approach is effective for every child. 🥗 What does it mean to induce remission? Inducing remission means bringing active inflammation under control so the bowel can begin to heal. When a child is in remission, symptoms such as diarrhoea, abdominal pain and urgency may improve or disappear. However, feeling better does not always mean the inflammation has completely settled. Your child's IBD team may use blood tests, stool tests such as faecal calprotectin, imaging or endoscopy to assess whether inflammation is improving. This distinction matters because a dietary change might improve symptoms without treating the underlying inflammation. 🔬 Can diet actually help induce remission? Yes, in some circumstances. The evidence depends on the type of IBD and the dietary approach being considered. Crohn’s disease There is good evidence supporting specific nutritional therapies for inducing remission in children with Crohn’s disease. Two approaches that may be considered are: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) EEN involves consuming a nutritionally complete medical formula as the sole source of nutrition, usually for around six to eight weeks. Regular food is temporarily excluded, and the formula supplies the energy, protein, vitamins and minerals a growing child needs. EEN is an established first-line treatment option for inducing remission in many children with active Crohn’s disease. It can reduce inflammation and support nutritional recovery and growth. For some children, it may offer an alternative to corticosteroids. However, EEN can be challenging because it requires a temporary liquid-only diet. The formula may be taken orally or, when needed, through a feeding tube. Crohn’s disease exclusion diet (CDED) CDED is a structured dietary therapy that limits certain foods while allowing a prescribed selection of other foods. It is generally combined with partial enteral nutrition, meaning a medical formula provides part of the child's nutritional requirements. Research suggests that CDED combined with formula can help induce remission in some children with mild to moderate Crohn’s disease. It is not simply a matter of cutting out processed foods or following a general healthy eating plan. The approach has specific stages and nutritional requirements and should be supervised by an IBD dietitian. Neither EEN nor CDED is suitable for every child. The best option depends on disease severity, nutritional needs, the child's circumstances and the advice of their treating team. Ulcerative colitis The evidence for using diet to induce remission in ulcerative colitis is more limited. Unlike Crohn’s disease, there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend a specific dietary approach as a reliable treatment for active ulcerative colitis. A balanced diet can support a child's overall health, growth and recovery, but dietary changes alone should not be relied upon to bring an active flare under control. 🌱 What about anti-inflammatory diets? You may have come across diets promoted as ways to reduce gut inflammation, including: Mediterranean-style eating patterns. The Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD). Paleo or autoimmune protocol diets. Plant-based diets. Low-processed-food or whole-food diets. These approaches are not all supported by the same level of evidence. Some are being studied for their potential role in managing IBD, but many have not been shown to reliably induce remission. A Mediterranean-style eating pattern, for example, can provide a variety of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, healthy fats and other nutrient-rich foods. It may be a useful foundation for general health, but it should not be confused with a proven treatment for active inflammation. Likewise, anecdotal reports of children improving on a particular diet do not establish that the diet will work for other children or that inflammation has resolved. Before starting a restrictive diet, discuss the potential benefits and risks with your child's gastroenterologist and an IBD dietitian. 🍎 Does removing certain foods help? Some parents notice that particular foods seem to worsen their child's symptoms. Others wonder whether removing gluten, dairy, sugar or processed foods might reduce inflammation. It is important to distinguish between foods that trigger symptoms and foods that contribute to intestinal inflammation. For example, a child may experience bloating, gas or diarrhoea after eating a particular food even when their IBD is in remission. This does not necessarily mean the food is causing an inflammatory flare. Similarly, a child may have active inflammation without an obvious reaction to any particular food. There is no universal list of foods that every child with IBD should avoid. Unnecessary restrictions can make it harder for children to get enough energy and nutrients, particularly during periods of rapid growth. If you suspect a food is causing problems, an IBD dietitian can help you assess the pattern and determine whether a temporary adjustment or further investigation is appropriate. 💚 Can diet help maintain remission? Although no single everyday diet guarantees that IBD will remain in remission, good nutrition can support your child's health over the long term. Once inflammation is controlled, the general aim is to provide a varied, balanced diet that meets your child's individual needs. Depending on what your child tolerates, this may include: A variety of fruits and vegetables. Whole grains and other sources of fibre. Adequate protein from foods such as eggs, fish, meat, legumes or suitable alternatives. Healthy fats. Sufficient energy to support growth and development. Foods rich in calcium, iron and other essential nutrients. Fibre does not need to be avoided by every child with IBD. However, children with bowel strictures (narrowing of the intestine) or particular symptoms may need individualised advice about fibre and food textures. During a flare, temporary adjustments may also be needed to help your child tolerate food and maintain adequate nutrition. The goal is not to create the most restrictive diet possible. It is to find an approach that supports your child's nutritional needs, comfort and quality of life. 📏 Why nutrition is especially important for children with IBD Children need enough energy and nutrients not only to recover from illness but also to grow, develop bones and muscles, and progress through puberty. Active IBD can affect appetite, nutrient absorption and the body's nutritional requirements. Some children may develop deficiencies, including low iron, vitamin D or calcium. Restrictive diets can add to these challenges, particularly if several food groups are excluded or your child is already struggling to eat enough. An IBD dietitian can help assess your child's growth, dietary intake and nutritional status, and recommend supplements or dietary changes when needed. 💊 Should dietary changes replace medication? No. Unless your child's treating team has specifically prescribed a dietary therapy as part of their treatment plan, dietary changes should not replace prescribed IBD medication. For children with Crohn’s disease, treatments such as EEN or CDED may be used as part of a medically supervised plan to induce remission. Other children need medication, or a combination of nutritional and medical treatments. For ulcerative colitis, medication remains an important part of controlling active inflammation. If your child is experiencing ongoing symptoms, do not assume that a stricter diet is the answer. Contact their IBD team to discuss whether the disease is active and whether their treatment needs reviewing. 🤝 How to explore dietary changes safely If you are interested in exploring the role of nutrition in your child's IBD, consider these steps: Talk to your child's gastroenterologist. Ask whether dietary therapy could be appropriate for your child's type and severity of IBD. Request an appointment with an IBD dietitian. They can help you understand the evidence, assess nutritional needs and develop a safe plan. Be clear about your goal. Managing symptoms, correcting deficiencies, supporting growth and inducing remission are different objectives. Avoid making multiple restrictive changes at once. This can make it difficult to identify what is helping and may reduce your child's nutritional intake. Monitor progress with your child's team. Symptoms alone cannot confirm that inflammation has resolved. Consider your child's emotional wellbeing. Food can already be a source of anxiety for children with IBD. Try to avoid making meals feel like a test they must pass to stay well. ❤️ The most important thing to remember Diet can be a valuable part of managing childhood IBD, and specific nutritional therapies can help some children with Crohn’s disease achieve remission. However, there is no universal diet that reliably induces remission in every child with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. You do not have to find the perfect diet to be a good parent to a child with IBD. Their illness is not caused by a failure to feed them the right foods. Working alongside your child's gastroenterologist and an experienced IBD dietitian can help you make informed choices, protect their nutritional health and explore dietary options without placing unnecessary restrictions on family life. 📚 Further reading Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation — Information about IBD, nutrition and treatment options. Crohn’s & Colitis UK — Guidance on living with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Crohn’s & Colitis Canada — Resources for people living with IBD and their families. Crohn’s & Colitis Australia — Information about IBD, nutrition and support. European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) — Evidence-based clinical guidance and research on IBD. Dietary therapies should be discussed with your child's gastroenterologist and an IBD dietitian. Recommendations may vary depending on your child's condition, nutritional needs and access to specialist care. This article is for general information and education. It is not a substitute for medical advice from your child’s doctor, paediatric gastroenterologist or IBD team. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. Facebook WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link You might also like Evinature for children with IBD: exploring natural support Explore Evinature as a natural approach to IBD, including the research, potential benefits, safety considerations and costs parents should know before considering it for their child. Read More My child has just been diagnosed with IBD. What happens now? A practical guide for parents covering Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, treatment, medications, tests, nutrition, school, flares and supporting your child in the early days. Read More Creating an IBD school support plan Learn how to create a practical school support plan for your child with IBD, covering toilet access, flares, fatigue, medication, absences, learning, PE, camps and emotional wellbeing. Read More What should I tell my child’s school? What to share about Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, including toilet access, fatigue, flares, medication, absences, exams, PE and emotional wellbeing. Read More

Hospital & Appointments Recovering after a colonoscopy: what to expect Find out what to expect after a colonoscopy, including recovery, tummy discomfort, eating, toilet changes, and when you can return to school and everyday activities. If you have Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, you might need a colonoscopy to help your doctors understand what’s happening inside your bowel. You might feel nervous before the procedure, but you may also wonder what happens afterwards. Will your tummy hurt? Will you feel tired? Can you eat normally or go back to school the next day? The good news is that most people recover from a colonoscopy quite quickly. Let’s look at what you might experience afterwards and how to look after yourself. 😴 Feeling sleepy after your colonoscopy If you had sedation or a general anaesthetic during your colonoscopy, you might feel sleepy, dizzy, or a little confused when you first wake up. You may spend some time resting in a recovery area while the healthcare team checks that you're feeling okay. It's normal to feel tired for the rest of the day, even if you think you're ready to get back to your usual activities. If you had sedation, you'll need a responsible adult to take you home and stay with you for the period recommended by your hospital. You shouldn't drive, cycle, or do anything that requires you to be fully alert until you've recovered and followed your team's instructions. 💨 Why is my tummy bloated? During a colonoscopy, your doctor puts a small amount of gas into your bowel to help them see the inside more clearly. Some of this gas can stay in your bowel afterwards, making your tummy feel bloated or crampy. You might also find that you need to pass wind more often than usual. This is common and usually improves as the gas passes. You might find it helpful to: Walk around gently when you're allowed to. Change position to help the gas move. Rest somewhere comfortable. Use a warm pack on your tummy if your healthcare team says it's okay. Don't feel embarrassed about passing wind. It's a normal part of recovering from a colonoscopy! 🩹 Will my tummy hurt afterwards? You might have mild tummy cramps, bloating, or discomfort for a short time after your procedure. If your doctor took small tissue samples, called biopsies, or removed a polyp, you might have some additional instructions about what to expect. Your discomfort should generally improve rather than get worse. Tell a parent, carer, or healthcare professional straight away if you develop severe or worsening tummy pain, a very swollen tummy, or persistent vomiting. These symptoms aren't something to ignore after a colonoscopy. 🩸 Is it normal to see blood when I go to the toilet? If your doctor took biopsies or removed a polyp, you might notice a small amount of blood when you go to the toilet. However, bleeding isn't something everyone experiences, and you shouldn't assume that any bleeding is normal. Tell your parent or carer and contact your healthcare team if you notice blood in your poo after your procedure. Get urgent medical attention if you have heavy or ongoing bleeding, pass large blood clots, feel faint, or develop severe abdominal pain. Your hospital will explain what to look out for based on the procedure you had. 🥪 When can I eat and drink again? You can usually start drinking and eating once you're fully awake and your healthcare team says it's okay. You might feel hungry after your colonoscopy, especially if you had to avoid food for several hours beforehand. You can often return to your usual diet, but you may prefer to start with something light if your tummy feels unsettled. For example, you might choose toast, soup, yoghurt, or another food you normally tolerate well. If you have IBD, you don't need to follow a special diet just because you've had a colonoscopy unless your healthcare team gives you different instructions. Drinking fluids is also important, particularly if you had bowel preparation that caused lots of diarrhoea before the procedure. 🚽 What will happen when I go to the toilet? Before a colonoscopy, you usually need to take bowel preparation to empty your bowel. This can cause frequent, watery bowel movements. After the procedure, your bowel movements might take a little while to return to normal. You may notice: Loose or watery poo for a short time. Changes in how often you go to the toilet. Some bloating or wind. A temporary change in your usual bowel routine. If you have Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, your bowel habits may already be unpredictable. Your healthcare team can help you understand what is expected after your procedure and what might be related to your IBD. Contact your healthcare team if you cannot keep fluids down, feel very dizzy, or have concerns about dehydration. 🏫 Can I go back to school the next day? Many people can return to their usual routine the following day, but it depends on how they feel and whether they had sedation or any additional procedures. If you had sedation, follow the hospital's instructions about when you can return to school and other activities. You may need to rest for the remainder of the day. You might also need extra time to recover if you were already feeling unwell because of your IBD. Listen to your body. If you're exhausted or uncomfortable, it's okay to take more time to rest. 📝 When will I get my results? Your doctor may be able to tell you some of their findings soon after your colonoscopy, once you're awake enough to understand the information. However, if they took biopsies, those samples need to be examined in a laboratory. The results can take days or sometimes longer to come back. Your IBD team will explain how and when you'll receive your results and whether you need another appointment. It's okay to feel impatient while you wait. If you're worried or don't understand what happens next, ask your parent, carer, or healthcare team for help. 🚨 When should I get medical help? Most people recover without any serious problems, but it's important to know when to ask for help. Contact your healthcare team urgently or seek emergency medical care if you experience: Severe or worsening tummy pain. A very swollen or hard tummy. Heavy or ongoing bleeding from your bowel. Repeated vomiting. Fever or chills. Difficulty breathing, chest pain, or fainting. If something doesn't feel right, don't ignore it just because you've recently had a colonoscopy. Your healthcare team would rather you ask than worry at home. 💙 Remember, it's okay to take it easy Having a colonoscopy can be tiring, especially when you're already managing Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. You might feel hungry, sleepy, bloated, or simply ready to relax at home. These feelings are common, and most people feel much better within a day or so. Give yourself time to rest, drink fluids as advised, and follow the instructions from your hospital. You don't have to bounce straight back to normal. If you're worried about how you're feeling, ask for help. Your healthcare team is there to make sure you recover safely. This article is for general information only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Everyone recovers differently after a colonoscopy, particularly if they have Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Always follow the instructions provided by your healthcare team and contact them if you have concerns about your recovery. Seek urgent medical attention if you experience severe pain, heavy bleeding, or other serious symptoms. Previous Next Found this helpful? Share it with a friend, parent, teacher, or someone who might need it. 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